【正文】 及變電所設計手冊. 機械工業(yè)出版社，1982[7] 邢郁埔. 新編實用電工手冊. 北京：地質出版社，1994[8] 航空工業(yè)部第四規(guī)劃設計研究院. 工廠配電設計手冊. 北京：水利電力出版社，1983[9] 工廠常用電氣設備手冊編寫組. 工廠常用電氣設備手冊(補充本). 水利電力出版社，[10] 上海市電子電器技術協(xié)會. 常用高低壓電器手冊. 上海科學技術出版社，[11] 水利電力部西北電力設計院. 電力工程電氣設計手冊. 水利電力出版社，[12] 劉介才. 工廠供電設計指導. 北京: 機械工業(yè)設計指導，2022[13] 鄭忠. 新編工廠電氣設備手冊. 北京：兵器工業(yè)出版社，1994 [14] 劉介才. 工廠供電簡明設計手冊. 北京：機械工業(yè)出版社，1993[15] 王榮藩主編. 工廠供電設計與實驗. 天津：天津大學出版社，1992 [16] Hejiazhen ,Songcongju. The principle of the electric power system . Chinese electric power publishing house,[17] GB50052 — 1995: plant power supply and distribute in China publishing house,199544結束語為了能夠更好地適應將來的工作，我們小組的每個成員嚴格按照吳老師對我們的要求認真完成了本次的畢業(yè)設計，即大名化纖廠變配電系統(tǒng)設計。兩個多月來，為了讓自己的畢業(yè)設計順利完成，更為了讓自己的設計出的變電站及能達到可靠實用，所以一直以來我們孜孜以求，努力的去為了我們自己的夢想而努力著！這當中有吳老師的諄諄指導，有同學的熱心幫助！在次表示衷心的感謝！本次設計的某工廠變配電系統(tǒng)設計，所以要求供電網必須安全、可靠、經濟、穩(wěn)定，否則將嚴重地影響工程施工，帶來極大的經濟損失。為此我們十分注意到這點，在設計過程中反復地查閱各種權威資料，精心地計算數據，反復地核對每一細微的設計，力求所用原理正確合理，計算數據準確精確！如今看到自己的設計漸漸趨于成形，看到自己所學的電力知識在實際中得到恰當的運用，一個完整的變電站輪廓在自己的大腦中逐步形成，內心的喜悅無比，早已將因為設計所吃的苦忘之九霄云外！但同時也有點擔憂因為自己水平和閱歷的問題而使設計還不夠十分的完美，還懇請各位指導老師和專家批評指正，我們定會認真接受！此次設計中吳秋瑞老師給我們提供了許多極有價值的參考資料和建議，并多次幫助我們做深入的探討研究，給予我們精心的指導，對我們的設計盡職盡責，令人十分敬佩！同時感謝實驗室的陳老師為我們的設計提供良好的學習環(huán)境！再次對所有人的幫助表示感謝！ 45附錄 AHow Does a Transformer Work?A transformer is an electrical device that takes electricity of one voltage and changes it into another voltage. You39。ll see transformers at the top of utility poles and even changing the voltage in a toy train set. Basically, a transformer changes electricity from high to low voltage using two properties of electricity. In an electric circuit, there is magism around it. Second, whenever a magic field changes (by moving or by changing strength) a voltage is made. Voltage is the measure of the strength or amount of electrons flowing through a wire. If there39。s another wire close to an electric current that is changing strength, the current of electricity will also flow into that other wire as the magism changes. A transformer takes in electricity at a higher voltage and lets it run through lots of coils wound around an iron core. Because the current is alternating, the magism in the core is also alternating. Also around the core is an output wire with fewer coils. The magism changing back and forth makes a current in the wire. Having fewer coils means less voltage. So the voltage is steppeddown. Transformers on the Electrical Grid 46Let39。s look at the electricity that es to your home. When electricity moves from a power plant it is put into a very high voltage to be able to travel long distances. The high voltage lines can be as high 155,000 to 765,000 volts to travel many hundreds of miles. In order for your home or a store to use the electricity, it has to be at a lower voltage than on the longdistance lines. So, the electricity is steppeddown to a lower level using a transformer. This lower voltage electricity is put into the local electric wires at a substation. The substation breaks the larger amount of power down into smaller pieces at lower voltage. It then is stepped down again and again. Once smaller transformers take that voltage down to usually 7,200, the power leaves this substation. In your neighborhood, a transformer on top of a utility pole, or one connected to underground wires, transforms the 7,200 volts into 220240 volts. This is then sent into your home over three wires. The three wires go through the electric meter, which measures how much electricity you use. One of the three wires is the ground, and the other two are the positives. Some of the electrical appliances in your home use the 220240 volts. These are things like a water heater, stove and oven, or air conditioner. They have very special connections and plugs. Other devices, like your TV or puter only use onehalf of the electricity 110120 volts. In a toy train set, the voltage is reduced even more from 110120 and is changed from alternating current into direct current. Some businesses use higher voltage power to run big machines. So, they don39。t need to have the voltage reduced as much.During the past few decades, there has been a change in the insulating medium used in highvoltage switchgear as manufacturers have replaced oil with vacuum and SF6insulated units. This new design of switchgear is more pact, has the potential to increase system reliability, and has less maintenance and a longer service life. The bination of these advantages satisfies utilities as they strive to optimize capital investment and minimize operating costs. The downside associated with the installation of SF6insulated switchgear has been the lack of diagnostic equipment able to establish the integrity of the insulating gas, a necessity in view of the severe and costly damage that can occur if the unit suffers an inservice failure. The Ion Mobility Spectrometer (IMS), developed by the Institut fur Spektrochemie und Angewandte Spektroskopie (ISAS) and 47manufactured by Gesellschaft fur Analytische Sensorsysteme (GAS), provides utilities with a diagnostic tool able to undertake onsite monitoring of the SF6 gas.InService SF6 Gas Characteristics. The engineering and manufacturing standards are designed to ensure the switchgear has a highreliability service life, but operation of the circuit breaker or switch causes partial discharges and sparks within the unit producing deposition products. It is possible to examine the change in the SF6 gas characteristics by paring the change in the ion mobility spectra with the reference spectrum of pure SF6 gas. The results obtaine d by laboratory analysis of a sparked sample and a sample aged through partial discharges pared with a reference spectrum. The shift of the peak toward shorter or longer drift times can be seen in changes in the spectrum that ply with the known formation of a variety of deposition products. The peak s