【正文】 easy to transmit and the processing electrical the sensor status and the function is extremely important.Sensor function quite Yu Ren five system automatic routine, the intellectualized degree are higher, the system the level of dependency is bigger to the sensor, the sensor plays the decisive role to the system , domestic and foreign all lists as the sensor technology the most advanced technique.The sensor application sensor application domain involves the machine manufacture, the mercial run control, the automobile electronic products, the correspondence electronic products, the expense electronic products and the special purpose equipment and so on.(1) special purpose equipment The special purpose equipment mainly includes domain application and so on the medical service, environmental protection, meteorology specialized electronic present the medical domain is the sensor sales volume huge, the profit considerable emerging market, this domain request sensing ponent to the miniaturization, the low cost and the redundant reliable direction develops. (2) industrial automation Industry domain application sensor, like craft control, industry machinery as well as tradition。 Each kind of survey craft variable (for example humid, fluid position, pressure, current capacity and so on)。 Survey electron characteristic (electric current, voltage and so on) and physical quantity (movement, speed, load as well as intensity), as well as the traditional close/localization sensor development is rapid.(3) correspondence electronic products Handset output large growth and the handset new function unceasing increase brought the opportunity and the challenge for the sensor market, the colored tablet handset and the photograph handset market share rises unceasingly increased the sensor in this domain application addition, will apply in the group telephone and the nonrope telephone ultrasonic sensor, uses in the magnistorized medium the magnetic field sensor and so on all appearing the strong trend growth. (4) automobile industry The modern highquality passenger vehicle puterization control system level key lies in uses the pressure transmitter quantity and the level, at present on an ordinary home use passenger vehicle probably installs several dozens arrives the near hundred sensors, but on luxury car sensor quantity may reach 200 much, the type usually reaches 30 kinds, many pieces reach hundred kinds.Current eliminates enhances the performance unceasingly and the reliability, the sensor technology total trend of development is:The sensor integration will be refers on the identical chip or is multitudinous the identical type the single sensor integration for unidimensional, the twodimensional sensor, or electric circuit integration integrations and so on sensor and adjustment, pensation. The sensor multipurpose is enables the sensor simultaneously to have many kinds of examination function, the multipurpose integrated sensor develops an important direction, namely integrates the many kinds of function sensitive unit or identical function many sensitive units on the chip, like the pound resistance sensor, a chip may simultaneously examine the pressure and the humid.The sensor intellectualization is one kind of belt microputer has at the same time the examination, the judgment, the information processing, manmachine interaction, function and so on protection sensors.The sensor intellectualization is one kind of belt microputer has at the same time the examination, the judgment, the information processing, manmachine interaction, function and so on protection sensors.The development biological modelling sensor, the nature is the biosensor outstanding through long years, not only has acplished many functions unusually, the performance excellent dog39。s sense of smell ability is higher than the humanity, bird39。s visual ability is far human39。s 8~15 times and so animal39。s induction performance is the sensor technology can not hold a candle , will study their mechanism, the development biological modelling sensor causes the people to pay attention enormously, also will be one of sensor application development important directions.From above may see, the monolithic integrated circuit application significance is not restricted in the economic efficiency which its function as well as brings, a bigger significance lies in the monolithic integrated circuit the application fundamentally to change the traditional control system design concept and the design method, the trend of development also day by day changes, main performance for following several aspects: Manufacture craft CMOS (overall CMOS)。 Realizes as far as possible monolithic。 General character and individuality coexistence.翻譯：單片機(jī)的應(yīng)用，首先是它的控制功能，即在于實(shí)現(xiàn)計(jì)算機(jī)控制。而在線控制方面，由于計(jì)算機(jī)身處于系統(tǒng)之中，因此對計(jì)算機(jī)有體積小、功耗小、成本低、價(jià)格廉以及控制功能強(qiáng)等要求，對這些要求真可謂非單片機(jī)莫屬了。目前單片機(jī)滲透到我們生活的各個(gè)領(lǐng)域，幾乎很難找到哪個(gè)領(lǐng)域沒有單片機(jī)的蹤跡。導(dǎo)彈的導(dǎo)航裝置，飛機(jī)上各種儀表的控制，計(jì)算機(jī)的網(wǎng)絡(luò)通訊與數(shù)據(jù)傳輸，工業(yè)自動(dòng)化過程的實(shí)時(shí)控制和數(shù)據(jù)處理，廣泛使用的各種智能IC卡，民用豪華轎車的安全保障系統(tǒng)，錄象機(jī)、攝象機(jī)、全自動(dòng)洗衣機(jī)的控制，以及程控玩具、電子寵物等等，這些都離不開單片機(jī)。更不用說自動(dòng)控制領(lǐng)域的機(jī)器人、智能儀表、醫(yī)療器械了。在人類的各項(xiàng)生產(chǎn)活動(dòng)和科學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)中，為了了解和掌握整個(gè)過程的進(jìn)展及其最后結(jié)果，經(jīng)常需要對各種基本參數(shù)或物理量進(jìn)行檢查和測量，從而獲得必要的信息，并以之作為分析判斷和決策的依據(jù)。檢測技術(shù)和傳感器是人們?yōu)榱藢Ρ粶y對象所包含的信息進(jìn)行定性的了解和定量的掌握所采取 的一系列技術(shù)措施。現(xiàn)代科技的快速發(fā)展使人類社會(huì)進(jìn)入信息時(shí)代，在信息時(shí)代人們的社會(huì)活動(dòng)將主要依靠對信息資源的開發(fā)及獲取，傳輸與處理，而傳感器處于自動(dòng)檢測與控制系統(tǒng)之首，是感知、獲取與檢測信息的窗口；傳感器屬于研究對象與測控系統(tǒng)的接口裝置，一切科學(xué)研究和生產(chǎn)過程要獲取的信息，都要通過它轉(zhuǎn)換為易傳輸與處理的電信號。因此傳感器的地位與作用非常重要。傳感器的作用相當(dāng)于人的五官。系統(tǒng)的自動(dòng)化程序、智能化程度越高，系統(tǒng)對傳感器的依賴程度越大，傳感器對系統(tǒng)功能起決定性作用。因此，國內(nèi)外都將傳感器技術(shù)列為尖端技術(shù)。傳感器的應(yīng)用傳感器的應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域涉及機(jī)械制造、工業(yè)過程控制、汽車電子產(chǎn)品、通信電子產(chǎn)品、消費(fèi)電子產(chǎn)品和專用設(shè)備等。 (1) 專用設(shè)備 專用設(shè)備主要包括醫(yī)療、環(huán)保、氣象等領(lǐng)域應(yīng)用的專業(yè)電子設(shè)備。目前醫(yī)療領(lǐng)域是傳感器銷售量巨大、利潤可觀的新興市場，該領(lǐng)域要求傳感器件向小型化、低成本和高可靠性方向發(fā)展。 (2)工業(yè)自動(dòng)化 工業(yè)領(lǐng)域應(yīng)用的傳感器，如工藝控制、工業(yè)機(jī)械以及傳統(tǒng)的；各種測量工藝變量(如溫度、液位、壓力、流量等)的；測量電子特性(電流、電壓等)和物理量(運(yùn)動(dòng)、速度、負(fù)載以及強(qiáng)度)的，以及傳統(tǒng)的接近/定位傳感器發(fā)展迅速。 (3) 通信電子產(chǎn)品 手機(jī)產(chǎn)量的大幅增長及手機(jī)新功能的不斷增加給傳感器市場帶來機(jī)遇與挑戰(zhàn)，彩屏手機(jī)和攝像手機(jī)市場份額不斷上升增加了傳感器在該領(lǐng)域的應(yīng)用比例。此外，應(yīng)用于集團(tuán)電話和無繩電話的超聲波傳感器、用于磁存儲介質(zhì)的磁場傳感器等都將出現(xiàn)強(qiáng)勢增長。 (4) 汽車工業(yè) 現(xiàn)代高級轎車的電子化控制系統(tǒng)水平的關(guān)鍵就在于采用壓力傳感器的數(shù)量和水平，目前一輛普通家用轎車上大約安裝幾十到近百只傳感器，而豪華轎車上的傳感器數(shù)量可多達(dá)二百余只，種類通常達(dá)30余種，多則達(dá)百種當(dāng)前除不斷提高性能和可靠性化，傳感器技術(shù)總的發(fā)展