【正文】 elect39。cp39。||name||39。$backupdir39。fromv\$controlfile。$tempsqlechoselect39。echo39。39?？刂莆募浞萃戤?39。39。39。fromdual。$tempsqlechoselect39。echo39。39。39。39。39。fromdual。$tempsqlechoselect39。echo39。39。正在備份數(shù)據(jù)文件...39。39。39。fromdual。$tempsqlechoselect39。cp39。||name||39。$backupdir39。fromv\$datafile。$tempsqlechoselect39。echo39。39。數(shù)據(jù)文件備份完畢!39。39。39。fromdual。$tempsqlechoselect39。echo39。39。正在備份聯(lián)機(jī)日志...39。39。39。fromdual。$tempsqlechoselect39。echo39。39。39。39。39。fromdual。$tempsqlechoselect39。cp39。||member||39。$backupdir39。fromv\$logfile。$tempsqlechoselect39。echo39。39。聯(lián)機(jī)日志備份完畢!39。39。39。fromdual。$tempsqlechoselect39。echo39。39。39。39。39。fromdual。$tempsqlechoselect39。echo39。39。脫機(jī)冷備完畢!39。39。39。fromdual。$tempsqlechoselect39。echo39。39。39。39。39。fromdual。$tempsqlechoselect39。echo39。39。39。39。39。fromdual。$tempsql生成冷備份執(zhí)行腳本sqlpluss39。/assysdba39。$tempsql$backupshrmf$tempsqlchmod+x$backupshcp$backupsh.echo正在生成冷備對(duì)應(yīng)的恢復(fù)腳本[$rcvrsh]...準(zhǔn)備工作echosetheadingoff$tempsqlechosetfeedbackoff$tempsqlechosettaboff$tempsqlechosetverifyoff$tempsqlechosetpagesize0$tempsqlechosetlinesize800$tempsqlechoselect39。!/bin/bash39。fromdual。$tempsqlechoselect39。39。fromdual。$tempsqlechoselect39?；謴?fù)腳本生成時(shí)間:`date+%Y年%m月%d日%H:%M:%S`39。fromdual。$tempsqlechoselect39?；謴?fù)文件所在路徑:$backupdir39。fromdual。$tempsqlechoselect39。39。fromdual。$tempsqlechoechoselect39。echo39。39。開(kāi)始進(jìn)行文件的復(fù)制恢復(fù)...39。39。39。fromdual。$tempsqlechoselect39。echo39。39?；謴?fù)文件所在的路徑:$backupdir39。39。39。fromdual。$tempsql這里不直接關(guān)閉數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)，提示用戶手工關(guān)閉為好如果需要直接關(guān)閉，請(qǐng)修改echoselect39。orarun=39。||39。\`39。||39。psef|grepcora_39。||39。\`39。fromdual。$tempsqlechoselect39。if[\$orarun!=0]amp。amp。[\$orarun!=1]39。fromdual。$tempsqlechoselect39。then39。fromdual。$tempsqlechoselect39。echo39。39。39。39。39。fromdual。$tempsqlechoselect39。echo39。39。ORACLE數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)已啟動(dòng)，請(qǐng)先關(guān)閉ORACLE數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)39。39。39。fromdual。$tempsqlechoselect39。echo39。39。39。39。39。fromdual。$tempsqlechoselect39。exit39。fromdual。$tempsqlechoselect39。fi39。fromdual。$tempsqlechoselect39。echo39。39。39。39。39。fromdual。$tempsqlechoselect39。echo39。39。正在恢復(fù)控制文件...39。39。39。fromdual。$tempsqlechoselect39。cp39。||39。$backupdir39。||39。/39。||substr(name,instr(name,39。/39。,1)+1,length(name)instr(name,39。/39。,1))||39。39。||namefromv\$controlfile。$tempsqlechoselect39。echo39。39?？刂莆募謴?fù)完畢!39。39。39。fromdual。$tempsqlechoselect39。echo39。39。39。39。39。fromdual。$tempsqlechoselect39。echo39。39。正在恢復(fù)數(shù)據(jù)文件...39。39。39。fromdual。$tempsqlechoselect39。cp39。||39。$backupdir39。||39。/39。||substr(name,instr(name,39。/39。,1)+1,length(name)instr(name,39。/39。,1))||39。39。||namefromv\$datafile。$tempsqlechoselect39。echo39。39。數(shù)據(jù)文件恢復(fù)完畢!39。39。39。fromdual。$tempsqlechoselect39。echo39。39。正在恢復(fù)聯(lián)機(jī)日志...39。39。39。fromdual。$tempsqlechoselect39。echo39。39。39。39。39。fromdual。$tempsqlechoselect39。cp39。||39。$backupdir39。||39。/39。||substr(member,instr(member,39。/39。,1)+1,length(member)instr(member,39。/39。,1))||39。39。||memberfromv\$logfile。$tempsqlechoselect39。echo39。39。聯(lián)機(jī)日志恢復(fù)完畢!39。39。39。fromdual。$tempsqlechoselect39。echo39。39。39。39。39。fromdual。$tempsqlechoselect39。echo39。39。脫機(jī)冷備恢復(fù)完畢!39。39。39。fromdual。$tempsqlechoselect39。echo39。39。39。39。39。fromdual。$tempsqlechoselect39。echo39。39。39。39。39。fromdual。$tempsql生成冷備恢復(fù)的執(zhí)行腳本sqlpluss39。/assysdba39。$tempsql$rcvrshrmf$tempsqlchmod+x$rcvrshcp$rcvrsh.echo生成脫機(jī)冷備備份與恢復(fù)腳本完畢!echo請(qǐng)檢查腳本文件:[$backupsh]echo[$rcvrsh]echo如果需要生成后立即執(zhí)行備份，可增加關(guān)閉數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)的操作，然后將以一幾行的注釋去掉即可./$backupshecho備份執(zhí)行完畢，請(qǐng)檢查！echo（3）重啟Oracle數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)$sqlplus/nologSQLconnect/assysdbaSQLstartup2．如果自從上次脫機(jī)冷備后，數(shù)據(jù)文件錯(cuò)誤，聯(lián)機(jī)日志沒(méi)有被覆蓋，可模擬不完全恢復(fù)。shutdown。2.$cp....。//只恢復(fù)出錯(cuò)的數(shù)據(jù)文件startupmount。recoverdatabase。alterdatabaseopen。同NONARCHIVELOG模式聯(lián)機(jī)熱備是在數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)運(yùn)行的情況下進(jìn)行備份的方法。熱備份要求數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)在Archivelog方式下操作，并需要大量的檔案空間。熱備份的優(yōu)點(diǎn)：1．可在表空間或數(shù)據(jù)文件級(jí)備份，備份時(shí)間短。2．備份時(shí)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)仍可使用，支持24*7不間斷運(yùn)行。3．可達(dá)到秒級(jí)恢復(fù)（恢復(fù)到某一時(shí)間點(diǎn)上）。4．可對(duì)幾乎所有數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)實(shí)體作恢復(fù)。5．恢復(fù)是快速的，在大多數(shù)情況下在數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)仍工作時(shí)恢復(fù)。熱備份的不足是：1．不能出錯(cuò)，否則后果嚴(yán)重。2．若熱備份不成功，所得結(jié)果不可用于時(shí)間點(diǎn)的恢復(fù)。3．因難于維護(hù)，所以要特別仔細(xì)小心，不允許“以失敗而告終”。注意：在熱備過(guò)程中系統(tǒng)會(huì)生成更多的重做日志和回滾數(shù)據(jù)。所以必須在數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)較空閑時(shí)才進(jìn)行備份。備份內(nèi)容：(1)數(shù)據(jù)文件:一個(gè)表空間一個(gè)表空間地備份sqlaltertablespaceusersbeginbackup。sql$copy39。/xx/39。39。/yy/39。sqlaltertablespaceusersendbackup。sqlaltersystemcheckpoint。(只讀表空間直接拷貝，不用beginbackup)(2)備份歸檔log文件（1）臨時(shí)停止歸檔進(jìn)程log_archive_max_processes=0（2）log下那些在archiveredolog目標(biāo)目錄中的文件（3）重新啟動(dòng)archive進(jìn)程（4）備份歸檔的redolog文件(3)備份聯(lián)機(jī)的控制文件：sqlalterdatabasebackupcontrolfileto39。/xx/39。(4)備份初始化文件配置文件等：sql$copy....。熱備腳本：Rem熱備份腳本forLinuxRem執(zhí)行該腳本必須保證數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)處于歸檔模式@RemRem設(shè)置SQL*Plus環(huán)境參數(shù)Remsetfeedbackoffsetpagesize0setheadingoffsetverifyoffsetlinesize100settrimspoolonRem設(shè)置備份相關(guān)的路徑ForLinuxRem設(shè)置數(shù)據(jù)文件備份路徑definedatafile_dir=39。/u05/oracle/hotback/datafile39。Rem設(shè)置歸檔日志文件備份路徑definearchlog_dir=39。/u05/oracle/hotback/archlog39。Rem設(shè)置控制文件備份路徑definecontrolfile_dir=39。/u05/oracle/hotback/controlfile39。Rem設(shè)置生成的備份腳本名definehotback=39。/u05/oracle/hotback/39。definespoolfile=39。/u05/oracle/hotback/39。definecpy=39。cp39。prompt***Spoolingtoamp。hotbackRem產(chǎn)生備份數(shù)據(jù)文件、歸檔日志文件的命令setserveroutputonsize1000000spoolamp。hotbackpromptspoolamp。spoolfilepromptarchiveloglist。promptaltersystemswitchlogfile。promptaltersystemarchivelogall。DECLARECURSORcur_tablespaceISSELECTtablespace_nameFROMdba_tablespacesORDERBYtablespace_name。CURSORcur_datafile(tnVARCHAR)ISSELECTfile_nameFROMdba_data_filesWHEREtablespace_name=tnORDERBYfile_name。CURSORcur_arch_destISSELECTvalueFROMv$parameterWHEREname=39。log_archive_dest39。BEGINFORctINcur_tablespaceLOOP!=39。TEMP39。then(39。altertablespace39。||||39。beginbackup。39。)。FORcdINcur_datafile()LOOP(39。hostamp。cpy39。||||39。amp。datafile_dir39。)。ENDLOOP。(39。altertablespace39。||||39。endbackup。39。)。endif。ENDLOOP。FORdestINcur_arch_destLOOP(39。hostamp。cpy39。||||39。/*amp。archlog_dir39。)。ENDLOOP。END。/Rem產(chǎn)生備份控制文件的命令promptaltersystemarchivelogcurrent。promptalterdatabasebackupcontrolfiletotrace。promptalterdatabasebackupcontrolfileto39。amp。controlfile_dir