計(jì)算機(jī)英文資料翻譯——aspnet概述-資料下載頁(yè)
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【正文】 keyword as a way to avoid accidental redefinition. In C, a struct is like a lightweight class。 it is a stackallocated type that can implement interfaces but does not support inheritance. In addition to these basic objectoriented principles, C facilitates the development of software ponents through several innovative language constructs, including: method signatures called delegates, which enable typesafe event notifications. , which serve as accessors for private member variables. , which provide declarative metadata about types at run time. XML documentation ments. If you need to interact with other Windows software such as COM objects or native Win32 DLLs, you can do this in C through a process called Interop. Interop enables C programs to do just about anything that a native C++ application can do. C even supports pointers and the concept of unsafe code for those cases in which direct memory access is absolutely critical. The C build process is simple pared to C and C++ and more flexible than in Java. There are no separate header files, and no requirement that methods and types be declared in a particular order. A C source file may define any number of classes, structs, interfaces, and events. C programs run on the .NET Framework, an integral ponent of Windows that includes a virtual execution system called the mon language runtime (CLR) and a unified set of class libraries. The CLR is Microsoft39。s mercial implementation of the mon language infrastructure (CLI), an international standard that is the basis for creating execution and development environments in which languages and libraries work together seamlessly. Source code written in C is piled into an intermediate language (IL) that conforms to the CLI specification. The IL code, along with resources such as bitmaps and strings, is stored on disk in an executable file called an assembly, typically with an extension of .exe or .dll. An assembly contains a manifest that provides information on the assembly39。s types, version, culture, and security requirements. When the C program is executed, the assembly is loaded into the CLR, which might take various actions based on the information in the manifest. Then, if the security requirements are met, the CLR performs just in time (JIT) pilation to convert the IL code into native machine instructions. The CLR also provides other services related to automatic garbage collection, exception handling, and resource management. Code that is executed by the CLR is sometimes referred to as managed code, in contrast to unmanaged code which is piled into native machine language that targets a specific system. The following diagram illustrates the piletime and run time relationships of C source code files, the base class libraries, assemblies, and the CLR. Language interoperability is a key feature of the .NET Framework. Because the IL code produced by the C piler conforms to the Common Type Specification (CTS), IL code generated from C can interact with code that was generated from the .NET versions of Visual Basic, Visual C++, Visual J, or any of more than 20 other CTSpliant languages. A single assembly may contain multiple modules written in different .NET languages, and the types can reference each other just as if they were written in the same language. In addition to the run time services, the .NET Framework also includes an extensive library of over 4000 classes anized into namespaces that provide a wide variety of useful functionality for everything from file input and output to string manipulation to XML parsing, to Windows Forms controls. The typical C application uses the .NET Framework class library extensively to handle mon plumbing chores.
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