【導(dǎo)讀】通過分析近幾年NMET中的短文改錯題，筆者認(rèn)為約百分之五十的錯誤設(shè)置與行文的一致性有關(guān)。答題時查文章在行文中是否保持一致是發(fā)現(xiàn)錯誤并加以糾正的一個重要突破口。在尋查錯誤時，必須打破。行的界限，通篇考慮，起碼也要以一個完整的句子為單位。下面筆者就以近幾年的高考試題為例，談?wù)劙?。要有目的地去檢查文中的每一個謂語動詞的時態(tài)與。oldfriendsagain.is應(yīng)改為was，與前面分句的時態(tài)一致。常發(fā)生的動作，應(yīng)改為過去時learned。允許改一個錯誤，故havelearned不能接受。中的was顯然與上下文語境不符，應(yīng)改為am。近謂語的主語來決定謂語的單復(fù)數(shù)形式，故bee應(yīng)改為bees。playingfootball，視為第三人稱單數(shù)，其謂語give應(yīng)改為gives。倒裝句、關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作主語的情況等，答題時要高度重視。確和前后一致，包括人稱代詞、指標(biāo)代詞、反身代詞、關(guān)系代詞以及疑問代詞等。將其改為關(guān)系代詞which。構(gòu)可稱為平行結(jié)構(gòu)。andgetting顯然不平行，應(yīng)將getting改為get。

　　

【正文】 al 改為 really，修飾形容詞用 really，不用 real。 (8) difficult 改為 difficulty，用名詞形式作介詞 without 的賓語。 (9) asleep 改為 sleeping, asleep 為表語形容詞，不用于名詞前作定語。 (10) well 改為 good, nice 等， taste 在此為連系動詞，后接形容詞作表語。 (11) rain 改為 rainy，此處用形容詞作表語。 (12) 去掉 down，因 set 相當(dāng)于 go down，本身就包括了 down。 (13) 去掉 back，或?qū)? return 改為 e / be。因 return 相當(dāng)于 e back 或 be back。 (14) use 改為 useful，用形容詞作定語修飾名詞。 (15) mostly 改為 most， most 在此用于構(gòu)成最高級。 (16) warm 改為 warmly，修飾動詞要用副詞，不用形容詞。 (17) wonderfully 改為 wonderful，用形容詞作表語。 (18) more 改為 better，為 in good health 的比較級形式。 高考英語短文改錯考點(diǎn)類析 介詞 一、考點(diǎn)規(guī)律分析 短文改錯對介詞的考查主要涉及在及物動詞后接賓語時誤加介詞和在不及物動詞后接賓語時漏加介詞、可直接用作狀語的副詞短語前誤加介詞、介詞與其他詞的常用搭配、常用介詞的基本用法、習(xí)語中的介詞用法等。 二、真題單句歸納 (1) Bill insisted in staying near the car. (in 改為 on， insist on 為固定搭配 ) (全國卷 ) (2) Suddenly we caught sight at a car and some men. (at 改為 of， catch sight of是習(xí)語，意為 “看見 ”) (全國卷 ) (3) When I have free time I go a long walk. (go 后加 for， go for a walk 是習(xí)語 ) (全國卷 ) (4) When they came down the police were angry to them. (to 改為 with，要表示對某人生氣，英語習(xí)慣上用 be angry with sb) (全國卷 ) (5) Most people can quickly get for help from a doctor or go to a hospital since they are ill. (去掉 for，因其前的 get 是及物動詞 ) (全國卷 ) (6) …and some books, for example, books for history, science, cooking and gardening are also popular. (books for 改為 books on，此處的 on 意為 “關(guān)于 ”) (全國卷 ) (7) I never knew about a ride down a river could be so exciting. (去掉 about 或?qū)? about 改為 that，因動詞 knew 后可直接跟賓語從句，無需用介詞 ) (全國卷 ) (8) It was very kind for them to meet me at the railway station. (for 改為 of，注意句型 It’s kind of sb to do sth) (全國卷 ) (9) In fact, they are planning to visit China in next year. (去掉 in，在由 next, this, last 等構(gòu)成的時間短語中，一般可直接用作時間狀語，無需加 in, on, at 這樣的介詞 ) (全國卷 ) (10) We practise for three times every week. (去掉 for，在表示頻率的名詞前通常不加介詞 ) (全國卷 ) (11) We must keep in mind that we play for the team instead ourselves. (instead 后加 of， instead of 為復(fù)合介詞，在此表示 “而不是 ”) (全國卷 ) (12) Unfortunately, there are too many people among my family. (among 改為 in， in my family 意為 “在我家里 ”) (全國卷 ) (13) I was happy with any programme but the others spent a lot time arguing…(a lot 后加 of，因 a lot 不能直接修飾名詞 ) (全國卷 ) (14) Thanks very much on inviting me to your birthday party on Sunday. (on 改為 for， thanks for doing sth 意為“因某事而感謝某人 ”) (北京春季卷 ) (15) So I’m really sorry that I won’t be able to e in this time. (去掉 in，因 this time 可直接用作狀語 ) (北京春季卷 ) (16) …but we do not seem to get much time to talk about together. ( 去掉 about，因 about 后沒有接賓語， about 屬多余 ) (全國卷 ) (17) For instance, on one night he played strong and loud music till four o’clock in the morning. (去掉 on，因 one night 可直接用作狀 語 ) (北京春季卷 ) (18) I was so tired that I fell asleep at the moment my head touched the pillow. (去掉 at， the moment 在此用作連詞，相當(dāng)于 as soon as) (全國卷 ) (19) His parents asked him to spend in more time preparing for the college entrance examination. (去掉 in， spend 是及物動詞，其 后可直接跟名詞作賓語 ) (安徽春季卷 ) (20) I feel sorry to him. (to 改為 for， be / feel sorry for sb 意為 “為某人感到難過 ”) (安徽春季卷 ) (21) Because so much viewing, children may not develop the habit of reading and the ability to enjoy themselves. (Because 后加 of，因 so much viewing 相當(dāng)于名詞 ) (北 京春季卷 ) (22) On one year the average child will see 25,000 television mercials…(On 改為 In，意為 “在一年中 ”) (北京春季卷 ) (23) The main problem was in that I always thought in Chinese… ( 去掉 that 前的 in， was 后是一個以 that 引導(dǎo)的賓語從句， in 是多余的 ) (全國卷 ) (24) I’m sure they will laugh to me and see me as a fool. So I feel unhappy every day. (to 改為 at， laugh at 意為 “嘲笑 ”) (全國卷 ) (25) You can find all kinds information in just a few minutes on the Inter. (kinds 后加 of， a kind of 意為 “一種 ……” ， all kinds of… 意為 “各種各樣的 ……”) ( 廣西卷 ) (26) But I have spent lots my money, … (lots 后加 of， lots / a lot后不能接名詞；后接名詞時，要用 lots of… ， a lot of…) ( 四川卷 ) (27) …you will probably want to join in the Stamp Collectors’ Club…( 去掉 in，表示 “參加，加入 ”某個組織， join 后不要再加介詞 in；表示 “參加 ”某項(xiàng)活動時，才加 in) (浙江卷 ) (28) We have a lot on mon and have a lot to talk about. (on 改為 in，因?yàn)? have sth in mon 是固定搭配，意為 “有共同的 ……”) ( 福建卷 ) 三、模擬單句演練 (1) We must serve for the people heart and soul. (2) I followed the man for a while, and saw him enter into the bank. (3) Soon the nurse married with my friend Jim. (4) I took a great many of photographs in the mountains. (5) In English class, we often talk each other in English. (6) Don’t talk. What the man says is well worth listening. (7) The chair looks hard, but it is fortable to sit. (8) She was very kind and insisted lending her car to us. (9) I asked to her what she would be doing on Saturday. (10) Are you glad to be going to back to school? (11) On his way to home, he met one of his old friends Jack. (12) Please close the door at next time you e in. (13) Thousands of people go to the seaside in every year. (14) We can finish the work either this week or in next week. (15) We walked down the stairs instead taking the elevator. (16) We could not have heard them because the noise from the river. (17) Don’t be angry to me for not having written—I was really too busy. (18) I’ve read a lot books about animals. (19) He invited us to dinner, which was very kind for him. (20) I knew that there was no hope on the moment I saw him. (21) Don’t go by plane. It’s a lot of more expensive. (22) Except milk and cheese, we all need vegetables. (23) On my way back, I called at Mr Smith at his office. 【參考答案】 (1) 去掉 for， serve 表示 “為 …… 服務(wù) ”，是及物動詞，后接賓語時無需用介詞。 (2) 去掉 into， enter 表示 “進(jìn)入 ”時，是及物動詞，后接賓語時無需用介詞。 (3) 去掉 with， marry 表示 “與 …… 結(jié)婚 ”時，是及物動詞，后接賓語時無 需用介詞。 (4) 去掉 of， a great many后可直接跟名詞，無需用介詞。但若其后的名詞有 the, these, my 等表特指的限定詞，則要用介詞 of，如 a great many of my friends。 (5) talk 后加 to，因 talk 為不及物動詞。 (6) listening 后加 to，因 what the man says 是 listen to 的邏輯賓語。 (7) sit 后加 on或 in，因?yàn)閺倪壿嬌险f就是 sit on/in the chair。 (8) insiste