【正文】 ve the pany39。s new Appearances are deceptive. 至于兩種譯法得出的兩個(gè)譯文究竟哪一個(gè)更好，就要看譯文是否準(zhǔn)確規(guī)范，簡(jiǎn)練精辟，是否符合該語言使用者的表達(dá)習(xí)慣了。翻譯訓(xùn)練（1）1 . I should say Henry is______________(與其說是個(gè)作家不如說是) as a reporter. the Chinese household, grandparents and other relatives______________(起著不可缺少的作用) in raising children.3. Mr. Johnson made full preparation for the experiment____________________(以便實(shí)驗(yàn)?zāi)茼樌M(jìn)行).4. Prices are going up rapidly. Petrol now __________________________(價(jià)格是幾年前的兩倍).5. How close parents are to their children __________________(有很強(qiáng)的影響) the character of the children.翻譯訓(xùn)練（2） (通過體育鍛煉)，we can always stay healthy. to the scientific research , _____________ (聽音樂能使我們放松).Is this really true? (我們絕對(duì)不能)ignore the value of knowledge. is known to all, ______________ (假冒偽劣商品)harm the interests of consumers. with failure,some people can stand up to it, _____________ (從失敗中汲取教訓(xùn))and try hard to fulfill what they are determined to do.翻譯訓(xùn)練（3） this way, I believe that all the people may be able to _______________ （像我一樣享受乘坐公車的樂趣）. practicing these, I have been able to _____________ （在智育方面我一直能不斷進(jìn)步）. to a recent survey, four million people ______________ （死于與吸煙有關(guān)的疾病）each year.（沒有一項(xiàng)發(fā)明獲得如此多的表揚(yáng)和批評(píng)）than Internet. increasing number of people are beginning to realize ______________ （教育不能隨著畢業(yè)而結(jié)束）.翻譯訓(xùn)練（4）1. _____________ (沒有什么可做)，we played games．2．He not only __________ (把枯燥的工作強(qiáng)加給我)，but also took away all our tips．3. ___________ (在這種情況下)，I couldn39。t go away．4．The population of Africa is growing _________(極其迅速)5．The girl is too young to _____________(和她的父母分開)．閱讀》》 解析專升本英語閱讀理解因?yàn)闀r(shí)間有限，且每篇文章后面僅考五道題目，也就意味著考生實(shí)際上也沒有必要通讀全文，所以考場(chǎng)上的制勝關(guān)鍵就在于你是否能在短時(shí)間內(nèi)迅速處理完文章了閱讀理解是對(duì)字、詞、句法的進(jìn)一步學(xué)習(xí)和綜合運(yùn)用。在做閱讀理解題時(shí)，除了掌握前面介紹的基本題型、基本法則外，還要進(jìn)行有意識(shí)的閱讀訓(xùn)練。提高閱讀能力的訓(xùn)練主要可以從下面幾個(gè)方面入手：詞匯、方法、側(cè)重點(diǎn)?！　。翰略~的技巧?！　　∽罨镜牟略~技巧有兩種：一是根據(jù)構(gòu)詞法的規(guī)則猜（轉(zhuǎn)化法、派生法、合成法、截短法和首尾字母結(jié)合法）；另一種猜詞的技巧是根據(jù)上下文的描述、解釋、列舉、比較等，運(yùn)用已有的知識(shí)，分析、推斷該詞的含義。常用的猜詞技巧可歸納為以下幾種：（1）利用詞根、詞綴構(gòu)詞法推測(cè)詞義。通過構(gòu)詞法推測(cè)詞義是最常用的方法之一。（2）分析文中對(duì)該詞的直接定義推測(cè)詞義。　　作者在行文中有時(shí)不得不使用某些難詞、偏詞，為使讀者理解，作者常常會(huì)在文章中直接解釋該詞語。作者或通過同位語，或使用定語從句加以闡明，或用冒號(hào)、破折號(hào)、括號(hào)給出，或用語篇標(biāo)志詞引出，這類語篇標(biāo)志詞有： that is （to say）； .；or， in other words； to put it in another way等。 如：　She is bilingual. In other words，she speaks English and French equally well.（3）分析文中對(duì)該詞的近義復(fù)述推測(cè)詞義?！　⊥欢涛闹星昂髢蓚€(gè)句子、短語或單詞通常有互釋作用，可以從上下文的復(fù)述中獲取與某一單詞或短語相關(guān)的信息以猜測(cè)詞義。如：　　It is difficult to list all of my father’s attributes because he has so many different talents and abilities.（4）分析文中對(duì)該詞的對(duì)比和并列表述推測(cè)詞義。　　利用上下文中的對(duì)比或并列表述猜測(cè)詞義是最常用、最可靠的方法。有不少句子會(huì)在上下文中給出某個(gè)生詞（尤其是偏詞、難詞）的同義詞或反義詞，運(yùn)用對(duì)比或并列表達(dá)對(duì)這些生詞加以推測(cè)。通過了解詞與詞之間的連接關(guān)系，特別是一些語篇標(biāo)志詞，如：however；on the other hand；nevertheless等，我們不難推斷這些生詞的詞義。如:　　If you agree，write “yes”；if you dissent，write “no”.（dissent：不同意）（5）根據(jù)常識(shí)推測(cè)詞義。　　有些生詞看似很難，但根據(jù)語境，根據(jù)讀者的經(jīng)歷或常識(shí)，很容易猜出詞義。如果所讀的材料是考生熟悉的內(nèi)容或在自己專業(yè)知識(shí)范圍內(nèi)，生詞就更易化解了?！　∑鋵?shí)，猜詞的方法并不限于以上這些，大家在閱讀中要多動(dòng)腦筋，善于總結(jié)，還能總結(jié)出一些更適合自己的技巧和方法來。綜合例題：從三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中找出與黑體詞含義相符的答案?！　?is a courteous young man. He always pleases you and respects old people.　　 　　 animals such as cats，dogs，and some birds make excellent pets； however，wild animals like lions and tigers are not good pets.　　 。?。?）先看文章后做題?！。?）先看題目后讀文章再做題。帶著問題去閱讀，文章中的內(nèi)容與考題相關(guān)時(shí)仔細(xì)閱讀，與題目無關(guān)時(shí)可以置之不理，很快跳過去。　　還有一些題目涉及一般常識(shí)或科普知識(shí)，可以在未閱讀文章之前自己先行判斷，在閱讀時(shí)只要對(duì)自己的判斷進(jìn)行驗(yàn)證就可以了?！。?）快速閱讀文章后面的題目，并將題目中的關(guān)鍵詞（一般為實(shí)詞，并且含有重要信息）用筆畫出來。閱讀過程中，考生可以將含有重要信息的詞、短語或句子等用筆畫出來。閱讀理解的三個(gè)側(cè)重點(diǎn)?！∽⒁獠灰鹱种鹁涞厮罁?，而要有所側(cè)重?！　。?）側(cè)重首段、尾段，首句、尾句?！　。?）側(cè)重語篇標(biāo)志詞?！　≌Z篇標(biāo)志詞連接的主要內(nèi)容有：（1）例解，如for instance，for example；（2）列舉；（3）比較；（4）轉(zhuǎn)折和對(duì)比；（5）原因；（6）結(jié)果；（7）方式和手段；（8）時(shí)間；（9）地點(diǎn)；（10）目的；（11）分類；（12）補(bǔ)充；（13）強(qiáng)調(diào)；（14）條件；（15）結(jié)論?！　。?）側(cè)重長(zhǎng)句、難句。閱讀理解的問題可分為： 主題思想判斷 　　細(xì)節(jié)定位 　　邏輯推理 1. 主題思想判斷　　常見的問題為：　　The best title for the passage is_______.　　This passage talks mainly about________.　　The main idea of this passage is…What does this passage mainly discuss？2. 細(xì)節(jié)定位　　when， where， who， why， how（4w+ h）. 常見的問題有：　　According to the passage， which of the following is true？　　According to the passage， which of the following in NOT true？　　According to the passage， all of the following are true EXCEPT…？　　The passage suggests that…　　How/When/Where does something happen？　　　常見的問題為：　　From the passage， it can be inferred that…　　This passage has probably been taken from…　　　有些閱讀考查學(xué)生的推理能力。這類的問題一般不能從文章中直接找出答案，應(yīng)該找到相關(guān)信息在文章中的位置，聯(lián)系上下文進(jìn)行推理。如一篇文章中有這樣的一句話：　　If you make a fiveday trip across the Atlantic Ocean， your ship enters a different time zone every day.　　后面有一個(gè)問題：　　From this passage it seems true that the Atlantic Ocean_________.　　A. is in one time zone 　　 B. is divided into twentyfour zones　　C. is divided into five time zones 　　D. cannot be crossed in five days　　在閱讀考試中，考生的常識(shí)和知識(shí)面與閱讀能力同樣重要，考生平時(shí)應(yīng)該進(jìn)行廣泛閱讀。如在一篇談到地球上時(shí)區(qū)劃分的文章中有這樣的一個(gè)問題：　　The international date line( 國際日期變更線) is the name for_________.　　A. the beginning of any new time zone 　　B. any point where time changes by one hour　　C. the point where a new day begins 　　D. any time zone in the Pacific Ocean閱讀理解的方法：先不讀文章、先去看問題，看一個(gè)問題、找相關(guān)的文章在什么地方。Passage 1（社會(huì)）　　Mountaineering is a sport and not a game. There are no manmade rules， as there are for such games as golf and football. There are， however， rules of a different kind which it would be dangerous to ignore， but it is this freedom from manmade rules that makes mountaineering attractive to many people. Those who climb mountains are free to use their own methods.　　If we pare mountaineering and other more familiar sports， we might think that one big difference is that mountaineering is not a “team game”。 We may well be mistaken in this. There are， it is true， no “matches” between “teams” of climbers， but when climbers are on a rock face， linked by a rope on which their lives may depend， there is obviously teamwork……　　The mountain climber knows that he may have to fight forces that are stronger and more powerful than man. He has to fight the nature. His sport requires high mental and physical qualities.　　It is not unusual for men of fifty or sixty to climb the highest mountains in the Alps. They may take more time than younger men， but they probably climb with more skill and less waste of effort and they certainly experience equal enjoyment.　　1. Which of the following is not a “team game”？　　A. Football. B. Volleyball. 　　C. Tennis. D. Mountaineering.　　Mountaineering 爬山　　2. To ignore the rules of mountaineering would ______. A. be dangerous B. not do any harm 　 C. help the climbers to climb faster 　D. give the climbers more freedom in the course of climbing　 ignore 忽略，忽視 　　dangerous