【正文】 TNS_ADMIN Specifies the directory containing the Oracle Net Services configuration files like , , and . TNS_ADMIN=$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin。 export TNS_ADMIN ORA_NLS11 Specifies the directory where the language, territory, character set, and linguistic definition files are stored. ORA_NLS11=$ORACLE_HOME/nls/data。 export ORA_NLS11 PATH Used by the shell to locate executable programs。 must include the $ORACLE_HOME/bin directory. PATH=.:${JAVA_HOME}/bin:${PATH}:$HOME/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/binPATH=${PATH}:/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/bin/X11:/usr/local/binPATH=${PATH}:/u01/app/mon/oracle/binexport PATH LD_LIBRARY_PATH Specifies the list of directories that the shared library loader searches to locate shared object libraries at runtime. LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/libLD_LIBRARY_PATH=${LD_LIBRARY_PATH}:$ORACLE_HOME/oracm/libLD_LIBRARY_PATH=${LD_LIBRARY_PATH}:/lib:/usr/lib:/usr/local/libexport LD_LIBRARY_PATH CLASSPATH Specifies the directory or list of directories that contain piled Java classes. CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRECLASSPATH=${CLASSPATH}:$ORACLE_HOME/jlibCLASSPATH=${CLASSPATH}:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlibCLASSPATH=${CLASSPATH}:$ORACLE_HOME/network/jlibexport CLASSPATH THREADS_FLAG All the tools in the JDK use green threads as a default. To specify that native threads should be used, set the THREADS_FLAG environment variable to native. You can revert to the use of green threads by setting THREADS_FLAG to the value green. THREADS_FLAG=native。 export THREADS_FLAG TEMP, TMP, and TMPDIR Specify the default directories for temporary files。 if set, tools that create temporary files create them in one of these directories. export TEMP=/tmpexport TMPDIR=/tmp UMASK Set the default file mode creation mask (umask) to 022 to ensure that the user performing the Oracle software installation creates files with 644 permissions. umask 022 17. 創(chuàng)建RAC安裝所需目錄結構: mkdir p /u01/app/ chown grid:oinstall /u01/app/ chmod R 775 /u01/app/ mkdir p /u01/app/oracle chown R oracle:oinstall /u01/app/oracle chmod R 775 /u01/app/oracle 安裝 VMware ToolsVMware Tools 是VMware為虛擬機操作系統(tǒng)提供的工具包，用于提升虛擬機性能和方便對虛擬機的監(jiān)控和管理。 VMware Tools 必須在操作系統(tǒng)內安裝。其安裝步驟可以參考以下知識庫文檔： Installing VMware Tools in a Linux virtual machine using Red Hat Package Manager (RPM) ().To install VMware Tools1. Confirm that the Linux virtual machine is powered on.2. In vSphere Client, rightclick the virtual machine and select Guest Install VMware Tools.3. In the Linux guest OS, create a mount point and run the following mand:mkdir /mnt/cdrom4. Mount the CDROM with the following mand:mount /dev/cdrom /mnt/cdrom5. Install VMware Tools using RPM, with the following mand:rpm ivh /mnt/cdrom/As an example, “” is the version of VMware Tools used here.6. Configure VMware Tools, by running the following mand:/usr/bin/7. Unmount the CDROM with the following mand:umount /mnt/cdrom8. Click VM in the virtual machine menu, and click Guest End VMware Tools Install. 時鐘同步按照VMware官方文檔 Timekeeping best practices for Linux guests () 來配置在Linux上配置NTP，同時停掉虛擬機中VMware tools與ESX主機的時鐘同步.有兩種方法停止VMware tools的時鐘同步進程： Set = False in the configuration file (.vmx file) of the virtual machine. Runthe vmwareguestd cmd synctime 1 0 mand in the guest operating system.編輯/etc/sysconfig/ntpd增加 x選項，如下所示: Drop root to id 39。ntp:ntp39。 by default. OPTIONS=x u ntp:ntp p /var/run/ /etc/ 示例:tinker panic 0driftfile /var/lib/ntp/driftstatistics loopstatsstatsdir /var/log/ntp/logfile /var/log/ntp/filegen peerstats file peers type day link enablefilegen loopstats file loops type day link enableserver 5. 準備其他虛擬機和RAC節(jié)點現在第一個RAC節(jié)點（RAC1）所用的虛擬機就創(chuàng)建好了，現在可以用這個虛擬機克隆出其他RAC節(jié)點所用的虛擬機，如果前面的步驟都執(zhí)行正確，現在就可以把這個虛擬機制成模板，留作以后使用。大概步驟如下： In vCenter, clone RAC1. 在新創(chuàng)建的虛擬機里刪除RAC1所帶的共享磁盤。 重新添加仲裁盤，仲裁盤同樣需要開啟multiwriter開關。 修改客戶機IP地址. 虛機克隆1. RAC1停機2. In vSphere Client, select the virtual machine, RAC1.3. Rightclick the name of the virtual machine and select Clone.4. In the Clone Virtual Machine wizard on the Name and Location page, enter RAC2 for the Name. Click Next.5. On the Host / Cluster page, select a host or cluster. Click Next.6. On the Specific Host page, select a unique ESX host (that is, one not running a RAC node virtual machine). Click Next.7. On the Datastore page, select a VMFS datastore. Click Next.8. On the Disk Format page, select Same format as source. Click Next.9. On the Guest Customization page, select customize using the customization wizard.10. confi