【正文】 I like the cut of those jeans .我喜歡這件牛仔褲的剪裁。495. liquor n. 酒，烈性酒Virtually all restaurants have liquor licences.幾乎所有餐館都有售酒執(zhí)照。496. liter/litre n. 升Nearly all the volunteers drank black tea regularly consuming on average more than a liter each day.幾乎所有的志愿人員定期喝紅茶，每天平均超過一公升。497. modest a. 謙虛道The learned are the most modest.有學(xué)問的人是很謙虛的。498. molecule n. 分子Almost any kind of molecule might be evolved.幾乎任何一種分子都能被演化。499. orbit n. 軌道 v. （繞...）作軌道運(yùn)行We are orbiting the moon.我們正在環(huán)繞月球運(yùn)行。Venus circles the sun in an almost perfectly round orbit.金星幾乎以正圓形的軌道圍繞太陽運(yùn)行。500. participate v. (in) 參與，參加Everyone can participate in this game.每個(gè)人都能參加這游戲。501. particle n. 微粒Particle system is an effective method in rain simulation.粒子系統(tǒng)是模擬雨的一種有效方法。502. particularly ad. 特別，尤其He remends that we don’t stay silent over inappropriate behaviour, particularly with regular visitors.（2008年12月大學(xué)英語四級(jí)考試真題）503. respond vi. 回答，答復(fù)；反應(yīng)LeDoux studies the way animals and humans respond to threats to understand how we form memories of significant events in our lives. （2006年12月24日大學(xué)英語四級(jí)(CET4)真題試卷(A卷)）5. 比較狀語從句：than, as…as…，not so as…，（not) the same as, the+比較級(jí)；eg：Light travels fast than sound.the+比較級(jí)：eg：The sooner，the better.eg：Girls are thus seen as less valuable than boys and art kept at home to do housework while their brothers are sent to school the prophecy（預(yù)言) bees self fulfilling, trapping women in a vicious circle (惡性循環(huán)) of neglect.（1）當(dāng)……的時(shí)候：while, when, as ；when：強(qiáng)調(diào)一件事情正在發(fā)生的時(shí)候，另外一件事情突然發(fā)生；eg：When I was watching TV, my mother came back.while：強(qiáng)調(diào)兩個(gè)動(dòng)作同時(shí)進(jìn)行，一邊……一邊……；eg：My father is cooking while my mother is reading newspaper.as：隨時(shí)間推移eg：As time went by, the days became longer and longer.（2）一……就……：as soon as ,主將從現(xiàn)；用directly，immediately, instantly連接兩個(gè)句子；一些名詞如the minute，the moment, the instant也可表示；no sooner… than, hardly… when后面的句子需要倒裝；eg：I will write to you the moment/minute I arrived in Paris.（3）特殊單詞：by the time that, every/each time（使用時(shí)后面不要再加when）（4）till＆until：① 肯定形式表示的意思是做某事直至某時(shí)，動(dòng)詞必須是延續(xù)性的；否定形式表達(dá)的意思是直至某時(shí)才做某事，一般用until，動(dòng)詞為延續(xù)性或非延續(xù)性都可以；eg: I slept until midnight.Wait till I call you.She didn39。t arrive until 6 o39。clock.② Until可用于句首，而till通常不用于句首，通常用于句中；eg: Until you told me, I had heard nothing of what happened.eg：As you sleep you pass through a sequence of sleep states—light sleep, deep sleep and REM (rapid eye movement) sleep—that repeats approximately every 90 minutes.The Language of MusicA painter hangs his or her finished picture on a wall, and everyone can see it. A poser writes a work, but no one can hear it until it is performed. Professional singers and players have great responsibilities, for the poser is utterly dependent on them. A student of music needs as long and as arduous a training to bee a performer as a medical student needs to bee a doctor. Most training is concerned with technique, for musicians have to have the muscular proficiency of an athlete or a ballet dancer. Singers practice breathing every day, as their vocal chords would be inadequate without controlled muscular support. String players practice moving the fingers of the left hand up and down, while drawing the bow to and fro with the right arm two entirely different movements.Singers and instrumentalists have to be able to get every note perfectly in tune. Pianists are spared this particular anxiety, for the notes are already there, waiting for them, and it is the piano tuner39。s responsibility to tune the instrument for them. But they have their own difficulties: the hammers that hit the strings have to be coaxed not to sound like percussion, and each overlapping tone has to sound clear.This problem of getting clear texture is one that confronts student conductors: they have to learn to know every note of the music and how it should sound, and they have to aim at controlling these sounds with fanatical but selfless authority.Technique is of no use unless it is bined with musical knowledge and understanding. Great artists are those who are so thoroughly at home in the language of music that they can enjoy performing works written in any century.畫家將已完成的作品掛在墻上，每個(gè)人都可以觀賞到。 作曲家寫完了一部作品，得由演奏者將其演奏出來，其他人才能得以欣賞。因?yàn)樽髑沂侨绱送耆匾蕾囉诼殬I(yè)歌手和職業(yè)演奏者，所以職業(yè)歌手和職業(yè)演奏者肩上的擔(dān)子可謂不輕。 一名學(xué)音樂的學(xué)生要想成為一名演奏者，需要經(jīng)受長期的、嚴(yán)格的訓(xùn)練，就象一名醫(yī)科的學(xué)生要成為一名醫(yī)生一樣。 絕大多數(shù)的訓(xùn)練是技巧性的。 音樂家們控制肌肉的熟練程度，必須達(dá)到與運(yùn)動(dòng)員或巴蕾舞演員相當(dāng)?shù)乃健?歌手們每天都練習(xí)吊嗓子，因?yàn)槿绻荒苡行У乜刂萍∪獾脑?，他們的聲帶將不能滿足演唱的要求。 弦樂器的演奏者練習(xí)的則是在左手的手指上下滑動(dòng)的同時(shí)，用右手前后拉動(dòng)琴弓兩個(gè)截然不同的動(dòng)作。歌手和樂器演奏者必須使所有的音符完全相同協(xié)調(diào)。 鋼琴家們則不用操這份心，因?yàn)槊總€(gè)音符都已在那里等待著他們了。 給鋼琴調(diào)音是調(diào)音師的職責(zé)。 但調(diào)音師們也有他們的難處： 他們必須耐心地調(diào)理敲擊琴弦的音錘，不能讓音錘發(fā)出的聲音象是打擊樂器，而且每個(gè)交疊的音都必須要清晰。如何得到樂章清晰的紋理是學(xué)生指揮們所面臨的難題：他們必須學(xué)會(huì)了解音樂中的每一個(gè)音及其發(fā)音之道。 他們還必須致力于以熱忱而又客觀的權(quán)威去控制這些音符。除非是和音樂方面的知識(shí)和悟性結(jié)合起來，單純的技巧沒有任何用處。 藝術(shù)家之所以偉大在于他們對(duì)音樂語言駕輕就熟，以致于可以滿懷喜悅地演出寫于任何時(shí)代的作品。