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analyzingtheapplicationofcooperativeprinciple英語-資料下載頁

2025-04-06 07:35本頁面
  

【正文】 is “twice a month” and the other of which is “once every two months”. We had better not use the word like “bimonthly” of double meanings, but use the words (every two months) can express our idea clearly as sentence 8B.(3) To be brief。 Business letter, as a kind of practical writing, does not call for flattering language because it is not literary works.9A) Complicated: The next step consisted of looking for methods by which the losses that occurred in the bearings might be eliminated.9B) Brief: The next step consisted of looking for methods of eliminating the losses in the bearings.In this example, sentence 9A employs two needless subordinate clauses, which make it plicated. While sentence 9B shows the relation clearly without using subordinate clauses which will be helpful to the reader’s understanding. By paring these two examples, we can say sentence 9B will actually save reader’s time and more briefly to send information.(4) To be orderly。The whole letter should focus on the subject and achieves the purpose step by step.10) We are very pleased to receive your inquiry of 5th Jan. and enclose our illustrated catalogue and price list giving the details you ask for. Also by separate post, we are sending you some samples and feel confident that when you have examined them you will agree that the goods are both excellent in quality and reasonable in price.Logically speaking, the example 10 is consistent with manner maxim’s requirement. At first, the writer tells that he has received the letter and will give the required materials to the counterpart. Then, he shows his confidence in his products. In this way, his point stands out clearly and orderly which can improve the munication.4. Case Study of Business Letter. After we have proved the cooperative principle has actually been observed in business letters, we are going to study the four maxims specifically in a case and analyze the reasons of different degrees for the four maxims to be observed. Context-Quotation Letter.Letter:Dear Sirs,Thank you for your letter of 15th June. We are glad to learn of the enquiries you have had from your customers for our raincoats. Our “” range is particularly suitable for warm climates, and during the past years we have supplied this range to dealers in several tropical countries. From many of them we have already had repeat orders, in some cases more than one. This range is popular not only because it is light in weight, but also because the material used had been specially treated to prevent excessive condensation on the inside surface.For the quantities you mention we are pleased to quote as follows: “” Raincoats100 men’s medium USD each USD 1,100 men’s small USD each USD 1,100 women’s medium USD each USD 1,100 women’s small USD each USD 1,Net CIF Kuwait. USD 5,Terms of payment: By L/C at sight.Shipment: within 34 weeks for receiving the L/C.This quotation is subjected to our final confirmation.We feel you may be interested in some of our other products and enclose some descriptive booklets and a supply of sales literature for use with your customers. The Cooperative Principle in the Case. In this letter, by using the four maxims of cooperative principle to evaluate whether it has achieved its purpose or not when it was written, we can conclude that it basically plies with cooperative principle and shows its point clearly. However, it has only violated the quantity maxim, but without violating other three maxims. Therefore, we are going to further analyze the violation of quantity maxim in the letter and why four maxims are different in degrees to be observed by people. Analyzing the Violation of Quantity Maxim in the CaseThe maxim of quantity can be used to evaluate whether the business letter provides enough information or not.As a quotation letter, it has to give the information about the quotation of “” raincoat. However, it has given more than required, including the quality of raincoat, its popularity and materials, etc. Obviously, it has violated the quantity maxim of cooperative principle.Providing more information than needed means the violation of quantity maxim, but, at this time, the munication still existed which can also achieve the purpose of interaction. In this letters, there are two purposes: one is for the mutual munication purpose, that is, quotation。 the other is the implicature by the seller for enlarging the mercial munication. All of the unnecessary information provided by the seller is for the later purpose. The Reason for Violation of Quantity Maxim in the Case. The reason for the seller to provide other products’ information is to attract the attention of the buyer in the hope of enlarging market. In the context, judging from the redundant information provided, its description is the praise of his products, in other words, the seller is probably doing advertisement. Therefore, the seller has to promote products in order to arose the interest of the buyer without caring about the violation of quantity maxim.. The Reasons for Quality Maxim Almost Never Be Violated.The maxim of quality can be used to evaluate whether the business letter has provided true information, and whether it lacks adequate evidence. Otherwise, the quality of the business letter may not be guaranteed.As the violation of quality maxim will cause the trouble and loss for both parties, even sometimes will end the business activities, people engaged in business will not make themselves at risk. So in this specific munity in municative events, people consider the maxim of quality to be really important.In the quotation letter, if the seller violated the maxim of quality, that is, giving vague quotation or untrue data, the result could be imagined that it might cause much trouble and loss to himself, for the buyer may figure out that the seller is no
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