【導(dǎo)讀】1．寫出圖中指出的圖線的名稱，以及當(dāng)b=時(shí)的線寬。2．注出窗立面圖的比例。3．根據(jù)所給的比例，注出外墻。板長(zhǎng)和高的實(shí)際尺寸。4．作出下列形體的剖面圖與斷面圖。補(bǔ)全1—1剖視圖中的漏線。答：土木工程制圖中的圖線有6種：①實(shí)線，用途為可見輪廓線，圖例線；其傾斜方向應(yīng)與尺寸線成順時(shí)針45°，長(zhǎng)度宜為2～3mm。橫線，其長(zhǎng)度應(yīng)以圖名所占長(zhǎng)度為準(zhǔn)。均表達(dá)物體的內(nèi)部結(jié)構(gòu)。少畫圖工作量和看圖方便而確定的。而連續(xù)排列的構(gòu)造要求；③折斷開圖形簡(jiǎn)化畫法，使用條件，較長(zhǎng)的物體，沿長(zhǎng)度方向的形狀相同成單一規(guī)律變化。件中的鋼筋的外表面要留有保護(hù)層。梁、柱的保護(hù)層最小厚度為25mm，板和墻的保護(hù)層厚度為10~15mm，且不應(yīng)小于受力筋的直徑。4表示鋼筋4根；Ф表示I級(jí)鋼筋；6表示鋼筋直徑為6mm；必參考課本《土木工程制圖》P52頁，標(biāo)注在兩側(cè)。

　　

【正文】 d to as the eight. Four must and eight of the content from the party constitution and Party39。s several generation of leaders, especially Xi Jinping, general secretary of the important discussion, refer to the three discipline and eight points for attention statements, and reference some embody the Chinese nation excellent traditional culture essence of epigrams. (2) the revised regulations, the main changes in the revised Regulations to fully adapt to the 31 strictly requirements, reflects the according to the regulations governing the law of recognition of deepening, the realization of the discipline construction and Jin Ju. rule is party a ruler, members of the basic line and follow. And the majority of Party members and cadres of Party anizations at all levels should adhere to the bottom line of thinking, fear discipline, hold the bottom line, as a preventive measure, to keep the party39。s advanced nature and purity. 1, respect for the constitution, refinement and discipline. Revised rule from prehensive b physical constitution began, the party constitution and other regulations of the Party of Party anizations and Party discipline requirements refinement, clearly defined in violation of the party constitution will be in accordance with regulations to give the corresponding disciplinary action. The original 10 categories of misconduct, integration specification for political discipline, discipline, honesty and discipline masses Ji Law and discipline and discipline and other six categories, the content of rule real return to Party discipline, for the majority of Party members and listed a negative list. 7 2, highlighting the political discipline and political rules. Regulations according to the stage of the discipline of outstanding 32 performance, emphasizing political discipline and political rules, anization and discipline, in opposition to the party39。s leadership and the party39。s basic theory, basic line, basic program and basic experience, the basic requirement of behavior made prescribed punishment, increase the cliques, against the anization such as violation of the provisions, to ensure that the central government decrees and the Party of centralized and unified. 3, adhere to strict discipline in the law and discipline In front, Ji separated. Revised Regulations adhere to the problem oriented, do Ji separated. Any national law existing content, will not repeat the provisions, the total removal of 79 and criminal law, repeat the content of the public security management punishment law, and other laws and regulations. In the general reiterated that party anizations and Party members must conscientiously accept the party39。s discipline, die van ply with national laws and regulations。 at the same time, to investigate violations of Party members and even criminal behavior of Party discipline and responsibility, Regulations distinguish five different conditions, with special provisions were made provisions, so as to realize the connection of Party discipline and state law. 4, reflect Wind building and anticorruption 33 struggle of the latest achievements. rule the party39。s eighteen years implement the spirit of the central provisions of the eight, against the requirements of the four winds and transformation for disciplinary provisions, reflecting the style construction is always on the road, not a gust of wind. In the fight against corruption out of new problems, increase the trading rights, the use of authority relatives profit and other disciplinary terms. Prominent discipline of the masses, the new against the interests of the masses and ignore the demands of the masses and other disciplinary terms and make provisions of the disposition and the destruction of the party39。s close ties with the masses. Discipline to protect the party39。s purpose. 8 of these regulations, a total of three series, Chapter 15, 178, more than 24000 words, after the revision of the regulations a total of 3 series, Chapter 11, 133, 17000 words, divided into general and special provisions and Supplementary Provisions Part 3. Among them, add, delete, modify the provisions of the proportion of up to nearly 90%. 1, the general general is divided into five chapters. The first chapter to the regulations of the guiding ideology, principles and scope of application of the provisions, highlight the strengthening of 34 the party constitution consciousness, maintenance the authority of Party Constitution, increase the party anizations and Party members must abide by the party constitution, Yan Centralized centralized, would examine at all levels of the amended provisions implementing and maintaining Party discipline, and consciously accept the party discipline, exemplary pliance with national laws and regulations. The second chapter of discipline concept, disciplinary action types and effects of the regulations, will be a serious warning from the original a year for a year and a half。 increase the Party Congress representative, by leaving the party above (including leave probation) punishment, the party anization should be terminated its representative qualification provisions. The third chapter of the disciplinary rules of use prescribed in the discipline rectifying process, non convergence, not close hand classified as severely or heavier punishment. Discipline straighten At least eighteen years of five years, these five years is to pay close attention to the provisions of the central eight implementation and anti four winds . The fourth chapter on suspicion of illegal party disciplinary distinguish five different conditions, with special provisions were made 35 provisions, to achieve effective convergence of Party and country 9 method. rule the provisions of Ar