【正文】 ddle 6, bus 7, rubber seal 8, the battery slot cover 9, to connect 10 most column 11, the exhaust bolt Positive and negative electrode Plate leadacid batteries, according to chemical structure and method of active substances can be divided into four categories: style pasted plate, tubular plate, into a platetype, semichemicaltype plate. Pastetype electrode coated by the grid and active material position. Grid to support the role of active substances and conduction current, so that uniform current distribution. Material grid of leadantimony alloys in general, the use of maintenancefree leadcalcium alloy batteries. Cathode active material mainly posed of lead dioxide, the main ponents of cathode active material for the velvetlike lead. Partition Battery separators are microporous rubber, fiberglass and other materials, its main role is to: 畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文） 28 Positive and negative electrode to prevent shortcircuit。 to enable the smooth passage of the electrolyte anion Chiang Kaishek. Slow positive and negative electrode active material of the loss, positive and negative plates to prevent damage due to vibration. Electrolyte Battery electrolyte is an important part of its role is to conduction current and to participate in electrochemical reaction By concentrated sulfuric acid electrolyte and purified water (deionized water) from the preparation, the purity and density of the electrolyte of the battery capacity and life expectancy have had a significant impact. Battery shell, covered Battery shells, cover the positive and negative electrode and electrolyte loading of containers, generally made of plastic and rubber materials. Exhaust bolt Exhaust bolt generally made of plastic material, the role of the battery from sealed to prevent air entry, to prevent electrode oxidation. At the same time, the battery can be recharged when the gas produced from the battery to avoid dangerous batteries. Before use: the need to bolt on the exhaust of the blind hole pierced with wire in order to ensure smooth gas overflow. Second, the use of battery electric vehicles and maintenance (A), batteries installed Battery generally used in series, that is, the cathode of a battery with one battery connected to the anode, all the batteries together, and finally the remaining positive and negative terminals with the wiring connected to the corresponding electric vehicles, electric vehicle motor, controller, instruments such as the electricity load is a battery. Battery electric vehicles are generally box, from the installation location divided slashstyle, after the plug and the chassismounted, the shape of its structure can be varied. Each depot has its own electrical characteristics. Figure battery box generally made with engineering plastics, and its strength is better, lighter weight, ease of installation. General 畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文） 29 by the end of the battery box tank, roof, and charge the battery contact point socket, trams, etc. lock. Trough and fastens at the end of the superstructure, and selftapping fastening screws or bolts. Battery battery box is based on the design of model specification, the design should be considered in the whole of its good heat dissipation. (B), the rechargeable battery Battery is not bad but bad charge, this is not alarmist talk, the performance of good and bad battery life of the battery and use play a decisive role in performance, attention must be given. 1, the battery charging process on the requirements Rechargeable battery technology for understanding the basic requirements is to analyze the basis of charging technology. Rechargeable batteries of the basic requirements are: the charge current should be less than or equal to the battery charge current can be received. Otherwise, the current surplus would electrolyte consumed too quickly, resulting in the following hazards: Increased battery water loss, increased the maintenance workload for the maintenancefree batteries, can cause early battery failure。 produce mist, resulting in environmental pollution, health hazards to workers。 so charging efficiency, resulting in a serious waste of energy. Charging process of electrochemical reaction is the discharge process of the reverse reaction, if the charging process of electrochemical reaction in an ideal state, and this process should be plementary to each reverse reaction, that is filled with the release of the power of electricity should be basically the same. However, in a serious state of gas, the effective charge of the electrochemical reaction process power consumption of less than 40% of the total electricity consumption, that is a waste of energy more than 60%. Gathered gases within porous electrode in the battery to reduce the electrolyte and the porous electrode contact area, that is, the electrochemical reaction of the interface charge is drastically reduced, so that the speed of chemical reactions reduce the charge, the charge is very difficult to extend the charging time. 畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文） 30 Gas will be serious damage to the battery: ① a large number of gases have on the plate were washed active role of the active substance soft and easy to fall off. ② polarization at the higher voltage, the positive plate grid of serious corrosion, generation of Pb02, such structures and electrochemical corrosion Pb02 survival is pletely different, which is not reversible oxide, conductive poor and grid deformation, brittle fracture, the loss of the role of skeleton and conductivity. Should be in charge to prevent over charge as much as possible. Rechargeable longterm lack of response to the active substance did not produce irreversible positive large granular high PbS04 grain (that is, irreversible sulfation) to decrease battery capacity, intern