【正文】 Refocus into 重新集中在?? UNIT SEVEN 19. Mother Tongue Key to the Exercises I. 1. D 2. C 3. A 4. B 5. D 6. B II. 它如何激起某種情緒，引發(fā)某種視覺形象，某種復雜的思想或簡單的真理。 2．就在上個星期，當我和母親一起沿著街道走時，我再次發(fā)現(xiàn)自己在關(guān)注我所使用的英語，我和她在一起的時候所說的英語。 3．我一直感到煩惱的是，除了用“破碎的”一詞之外，我實在想不出別的什么詞來描述媽媽所說的英語，好象它是受到損壞，需要修理的，好象它缺少某種整體性和完美性。 4．盡管我的英語技能從未被認為有欠缺，但與數(shù)學相比，英語可不能算是我的強項。 Key to the reading— skill Exercises 1. The experience of enjoying a watermelon 2. The watermelon sunning 。 telling if it is ripe 。 the melon cooling in a tub of water 。 the children standing around 。 the cutting 。 the sight of the meat and seeds 。 the eating 3. we go through all the steps from the cooling through the serving to the eating 20. A View of the “ Sex bias “ Pronoun in Writing Key to the Exercises I. 1. T 2. F 3. F 4. T 5. F 6. T 7. T II. 1. When her mother taught her the role of wife and mother , the writer didn’ t like it , but she didn’ t reject it , either . She just throught that she was different . Later , when she learned about the women’ s movement , she was pleased that there were other women like her , so she began to accept the other roles and to support the movement . 2. As the women’ s movement came to its high tide , it became fashionable to use the bined pronoun . Some people consider such a usage as a way to recognize women as equal members of the society , and if a writer doesn’ t use it , he feels obliged to explain it to the reader . 3. Proponents of the use of “ he / she “ believe that this bined pronoun represents a neutral pronoun . They assert that the bined pronoun assists the reader by making clear something that was previously fuzzy . They believe that this usage represents a fair attitude toward women and hence will not be labeled “ sexism” . 4. No . They are moving away from the usage for some of the reasons listed in the text . 5. Actually , whether or not a writer is biased would be determined by addressing the content of his writing . III. 1. role alternatives to – choices of role models 可以選擇的角色 2. identified with – to side with , support 支持，與??站在一起 3． The prevalent usage – the mon usage 普遍的用法 4． Indicative of – as the sign of 表明 5． Hinders rather than helps 妨礙而不是幫助 6． Can even be insulting – humiliating 甚至可能帶有侮辱性 7． Floundering in a swamp – struggling 在沼澤地中掙扎 8． Irrespective of 不管 21. Language : A Reflection of Life in the Key to the Exercises I. 1. C 2. D 3. A 4. C 5。 A II． 1. 據(jù)說人們思考是以說話開始的，而說話則是以思考為結(jié)束的，因為語言與文化很有趣地交織在一起。 2．然而，盡管英國英語與美國英語共享一個語法體系，其中兩者只有一些細微的差別，而且主要表現(xiàn)在口語層次上，美國英語的詞匯還是在諸多方面賦予了美語鮮明的特色。 3．最初的定居者到達北美大陸后，看到種種不同于他們家鄉(xiāng)的地理特征，不斷發(fā)現(xiàn)未見過的動植物，而人們也從事各種新的活動，發(fā)展新的興趣。 4．這種形象的或隱喻的特性可以從與美國生活有關(guān)的其他一些表達法上看出來。 22． The Disintegrating Web The Causes and Consequences of Extinction Key to the Exercises I. 1. A 2. C 3. B 4. D 5. D 6. B II. ，冰層積累到幾千英尺厚，然后在自身重量的作用下開始移動，嚴寒夏天的邊緣一點一點地向赤道推進。 2．除非可能發(fā)生核戰(zhàn)爭 這樣大量 的物種滅絕可能 是人類有史以來面臨的最嚴峻的威脅。 3．有些分子 太復雜不便人工制作，有些分子制作起來花費太高，因此如果我們想直接受益于各種物種，物種本身就必須得到保護。 4．動物園，園圃，種子庫以及其他各種為保護單個物種建立的場所可以起到至關(guān)重要的幫助作用，但因為人力物力限制，我們不可能面面俱到。 Key to the readingskill Exercises 1. D 2. D 3. C 4. B 5. B 6. A 23 “ But a Watch in the Night” a Scientific Fable Key to the Exercises I. 1. A 2. A 3. B 4. B 5. D 6. A II. 1. The Copernicans were imagined humanlike creatures inhabiting the imaginary pla called Copernicus , which is actually the name of a polish astronomer . 2. The picture will be desolate and dreary in the first months , without much to be seen . Because the universe was at its beginning stage , and the Earth was just forming . spectators will bee alarmed in the fear that man has somehow been left out . They have been watching the film for mouths but still they don’ t see any signs of man . 4. The civilization of human begings only occupies the last five or six minutes of the film , as pared to the long history of the Earth , which runs the duration of a whole year . 5. They have caused great damage to the Earth by cutting down and burning the trees depriving the soil of its protective cover . They have impovershed the land and created pollution . They have pludered its wealth . 24. In New York , Taking a Breath of Fear Key to the Exercises I. 1. T 2. T 3. F 4. F 5. F 6. T II. ，從他公寓門廳的一個通風孔里進入的灰塵里含有的石棉是有關(guān)部門建議的可以接 受的標準底 55 倍，但市政當局對這些測試結(jié)果仍有異議。 2．但是人們對于曼哈頓下區(qū)空氣中飄浮的有毒物質(zhì)仍然十分擔心，不僅如此，人們對于美國環(huán)境保護局和其他政府機構(gòu)也心存疑慮，因為他們沒有就存在的危險給居民提出充分或及時的警告。 3．這主要是對于危害最烈的中心所存在物質(zhì)的前所未見和不明確的性質(zhì)的擔心。 4．但是萊文和其他啊人擔心，釋放到市中心空氣中的很多危險物質(zhì)的混合體所產(chǎn)生的難以預測的后果可能會給人們帶來長期的嚴重健康問題。 III. 1. strikingly similar symptoms noticeably or unusually 極其相似的癥狀 2． Hacking cough a distressing cough which you feel very strongly 劇烈痛苦的咳嗽 3. smoldering fires 悶燒的火 4． Reconcile the two to find a way in which two things do not conflict 調(diào)和兩者 5. a flimsy paper mask thin , doesn’ t give much protection 很薄的紙口罩 6. consoling relatives 安慰遇難者親人 7. an asbestos abatement a reduction in the strength or power of something 石棉的減少