【正文】
到各個 “電視屏幕 “上(當(dāng)然網(wǎng)絡(luò)目前是互聯(lián)網(wǎng),未來中國能夠三網(wǎng)融合的時候,那么這個網(wǎng)絡(luò)將可能是任何一個網(wǎng)絡(luò)) 而各種應(yīng)用,桌面,就好像我們今天看到的各種電視節(jié)目或者頻道一樣。作為內(nèi)容被專業(yè)的提供商提供出來。 由于計算全發(fā)生在計算中心,所以客戶端的壓力大大降低,更簡化的客戶端可以得到廣泛使用,終端設(shè)備的可選擇性更廣泛,可以滿足不同的應(yīng)用需求。 VMware View 第 28 頁 桌面虛擬化解決方案 ? 終端設(shè)備采購、維護(hù)成本大大降低 這種 IT 架構(gòu)的簡化,帶來的直接好處就是終端設(shè)備的采購成本降低。以瘦客戶端為例,一個瘦客戶端的采購成本 為 2020 左右,而 pc 目前價格在 4000 左右,則每臺客戶端的能夠節(jié)省 2020 元,投資到物理服務(wù)器,按照 1: 1 的壓縮比(所有人都同時使用虛擬桌面),則 10 萬元的服務(wù)器只要能夠負(fù)載 50 個虛擬桌面,硬件投資成本就相等。但是一般壓縮比不會為 1: 1,更重要的是,瘦客戶端的報廢周期一般 68 年,比PC 長一倍,則終端投資二期就直接減少。另外,現(xiàn)有的 PC 系統(tǒng)也可以大大延長使用周期,只要外設(shè)可用,就可以轉(zhuǎn)化為普通終端。間接降低了電子垃圾的產(chǎn)生數(shù)量。 ? 集中管理、統(tǒng)一配置,使用安全 由于計算發(fā)生在數(shù)據(jù)中心,所有桌面的管理和配置 都在數(shù)據(jù)中心進(jìn)行,管理員可以在數(shù)據(jù)中心進(jìn)行對所有桌面和應(yīng)用進(jìn)行統(tǒng)一配置和管理。例如系統(tǒng)升級、應(yīng)用安裝,等等。避免了傳統(tǒng)由于終端分布造成的管理困難和成本高昂。尤其對于學(xué)校機(jī)房、教學(xué)中心等大規(guī)模的,多變需求的應(yīng)用場景(頻繁更換操作系統(tǒng)),非常適合。 由于傳遞的只是最終運(yùn)行圖像,所有的數(shù)據(jù)和計算都發(fā)生在數(shù)據(jù)中心,則機(jī)密數(shù)據(jù)和信息不需要通過網(wǎng)絡(luò)傳遞,增加了安全性,另外這些數(shù)據(jù)也可以通過配置不允許下載到客戶端,保證用戶不會帶走、傳播機(jī)密信息。 ? 降低耗電、節(jié)能減排 傳統(tǒng) PC 一般在 200W 以上,而瘦客戶端在 25w 左右,耗 電量接近十分之一,而服務(wù)器的計算壓力會帶來一定程度的耗電量的上升,但是與客戶端的大數(shù)量相比,可以忽略。所以一年的電費(fèi)也會降低 90%左右。 而耗電的減少,也意味 著 碳排放的減少,適應(yīng)了低碳時代的要求。 需要強(qiáng)調(diào)的是,桌面虛擬化的優(yōu)勢,是典型具有規(guī)模效應(yīng)的,終端數(shù)量越多,上述的收益和優(yōu)勢越突出。 VMware View 第 29 頁 桌面虛擬化解決方案 桌面虛擬化 與 云計算 隨著“云計算”的升溫,基于云的應(yīng)用交付逐步成為 IT 行業(yè)發(fā)展的必然趨勢。對企業(yè)來說,在預(yù)算不變的前提下提升 IT 效率的最好方法也是搭建私有“云”架構(gòu)。而最先流下的私有“云”必然是桌面計算虛擬化。 此時 用戶并 不需要了解后臺采用了什么技術(shù),采用了什么軟硬件平臺,用戶也不需要為系統(tǒng)的安全和數(shù)據(jù)保護(hù)而分心,用戶可以安心使用桌面虛擬化所提供功能和服務(wù)。這就是云計算所提供的功能。 企業(yè)桌面標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化一直是企業(yè)級 IT 終端管理的核心和難點(diǎn),傳統(tǒng)終端桌面標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化解決方案,一般由終端統(tǒng)一部署解決方案、終端統(tǒng)一管理解決方案及相應(yīng)的資產(chǎn)管理、補(bǔ)丁管理、應(yīng)用程序控制等管理模塊、安全模塊構(gòu)成。 隨著虛擬化技術(shù)的發(fā)展,企業(yè)的桌面管理又迎來一個新的解決方案 —— 虛擬桌面基礎(chǔ)架構(gòu) (Virtual Desktop Infrastructure,簡稱 VDI)。 VDI 致力于解決終端桌面信息安全、集中計算、集中管理、移動辦公、遠(yuǎn)程辦公的理想解決方案,是企業(yè)私有云的一種體現(xiàn)。它采用遠(yuǎn)程桌面技術(shù);支持前端瘦客戶機(jī)、后端桌面后移,集中計算; 通過創(chuàng)建虛擬機(jī),分享物理服務(wù)器的 CPU、 RAM、 Disk;計算能力可以通過動態(tài)調(diào)節(jié)服務(wù)器的 CPU、 RAM 來實(shí)現(xiàn)。通過物理刀片 PC 的本地 CPU、 RAM、 Disk實(shí)現(xiàn)計算能力;計算能力可以通過采購不同的刀片 PC 實(shí)現(xiàn)。 完 附錄:外文翻譯 In Wang Zuoliang’s translation practices, he translated many poems, especially the poems written by Robert Burns. His translation of Burn’s “A Red, Red Rose” brought him fame as a verse translator. At the same time, he published about ten papers on the translation of poems. VMware View 第 30 頁 桌面虛擬化解決方案 Some argue that poems cannot be translated. Frost stresses that poetry might get lost in translation. According to Wang, verse translation is possible and necessary, for “The poettranslator brings over some exciting work from another culture and in doing so is also writing his own best work, thereby adding something to his culture. In this transmission and exchange, a richer, more colorful world emerges. ”(Wang, 1991:112). Then how can we translate poems? According to Wang’s understanding, the translation of poems is related to three aspects: A poem’s meaning, poetic art and language. ( 1) A poem’s meaning “Sociocultural differences are formidable enough, but the matter is made much more plex when one realizes that meaning does not consist in the meaning of words only , but also in syntactical structures, speech rhythms, levels of style.” (Wang, 1991:93). ( 2) Poetic art According to Wang, “Bly’s point about the ‘marvelous translation’ being made possible in the United States only after Whitman, Pound and Williams Carlos Williams posed poetry in speech rhythms shows what may be gained when there is a genuine revolution in poetic art.” (Wang, 1991:93). ( 3) Language “Sometimes language stays static and sometimes language stays active. When language is active, it is beneficial to translation” “This would require this kind of intimate understanding, on the part of the translator, of its genius, its idiosyncrasies, its past and present, what it can do and what it choose not to do.” (Wang, 1991:94). Wang expresses the difficulties of verse translation. Frost’s ment is sufficient to prove the difficulty a translator has to grapple with. Maybe among literary translations, the translation of poems is the most difficult thing. Poems are the crystallization of wisdom. The difficulties of poetic prehension lie not only in lines, but also in structure, such as cadence, rhyme, metre, rhythm, all these conveying information. One point merits our attention. Wang not only talks about the times’ poetic art, but also the impact language’s activity has produced on translation. In times when the language is active, translation is prospering. The reform of poetic art has improved the translation quality of poems. For example, around May Fourth Movement, Baihua replaced classical style of writing, so the translation achieved earthshaking success. The relation between the state of language and translation is so