【正文】 60。To show how wolves benefit from ecosystems.C.To record how Aaron Wirsing observed wolves.D.To study what good wolves can do to ecosystems.（3）What is the significance of the research? A.It proves wolves feed on hundreds of species.B.It helps prove the importance of protecting wolves.C.It shows the plex relationships between species.D.It provides evidence that wolves are endangered animals.（4）What is the main idea of the passage? A.The fear of wolves is beneficial to ecosystems.B.The fear of wolves put them in danger of disappearing.C.Yellowstone National Park owes its healthy ecosystems to wolves.D.The introduction of wolves in Yellowstone National Park is a success.【答案】 （1）A（2）D（3）B（4）A 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，研究表明人類以及其他動物對狼的恐懼對維持健康、平衡的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)是有益的，其中黃石公園灰狼的引進就是一個典型的例子。 （1）考查詞義猜測。根據(jù)第三段中的We were really surprised at that可知，黃石公園在意想不到的方面從重新引入狼中獲益。故選A。 （2）考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第五段中的“To learn more about just how wolves are beneficial, a short documentary from Quest explains how the presence of wolves influences the behavior of deer, which eventually makes entire ecosystems more biologically diverse and healthy.”可知，拍攝紀錄片的目的是了解狼是如何對生態(tài)有益的。故選D。 （3）考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)最后一段中的“The research is one more piece of evidence for why protecting these top predators is important not just for wolves as a species, but for hundreds of species at every level of an ecosystem.”可知，這項研究再次證明了為什么保護這些食肉動物不僅對狼這個物種很重要，而且對生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的各個層面的物種都很重要。故這項研究的意義在于它有助于證明保護狼的重要性。故選B。 （4）考查主旨大意。本文主要講述了人類以及其他動物對狼的恐懼對維持健康、平衡的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)是有益的，因為食草動物不會過度繁殖，從而保護了植物的生長。故選A。 【點評】本題考點涉及細節(jié)理解，詞義猜測和主旨大意三個題型的考查，是一篇科研類閱讀，要求考生在捕捉細節(jié)信息的基礎上，進一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關系，進行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。7．閱讀理解 NASA has a new job listing, and it39。s no joke. The US space agency is looking for a joker to join their planned mission to Mars. A mission to Mars is no laughing matter. On average, the red planet is 140 million miles (225 million kilometers) away from Earth. A trip there would take around eight months in a small spacecraft. And Mars has a munications delay of 20 minutes. This means that astronauts will have to wait 20 minutes for a reply, when an emergency happens. When you39。re living with others in a confined space for a long period of time, such as on a mission to Mars, problems are likely to occur, Jeffrey Johnson, a scientist at the University of Florida, told The Guardian. This is probably why NASA wants an astronaut with a sense of humor. These are people that have the ability to pull everyone together, Johnson said. In stressful situations, perhaps humor is a way to know we aren39。t alone. By laughing together, we share our stress. Then we can focus on our jobs instead of just worrying. There are other examples of team clowns. One example is the journey to the South Pole led by Norwegian explorer Roald Amundsen. It was a difficult journey full of danger. Adolf Lindstrom, a cook at Amundsen39。s team, was a clown. He made people laugh through the whole journey. Amundsen later wrote that Lindstrom was the most valuable member of the team. But if you39。re hoping that your favorite TV edian will fly to Mars, that probably won39。t happen. Being funny won39。t be enough to land somebody the job, Johnson said. They also need to be an excellent engineer. Besides, they must be in top physical condition.（1）What is NASA39。s new job listing? A.A funny engineer.B.A talented clown.C.A good cook.D.A popular edian.（2）What does a confined space in Paragraph 3 refer to? A.a full spaceB.an empty spaceC.an open spaceD.a small space.（3）How does the author think humor can help astronauts? A.It can stop them from feeling bored.B.It can promote teamwork on a mission.C.It can make them feel less homesick.D.It can help them know themselves better.（4）What39。s the author39。s purpose of giving the example of the cook? A.To tell us that what explorers eat on their journey is very important.B.To prove that an amateur can play a more important role than a professional.C.To make the point that humorous people can cheer people up in difficult situations.D.To reveal that a mission to Mars is more difficult than a journey to the South Pole.【答案】 （1）A（2）D（3）B（4）C 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，由美國宇航局尋找一位幽默的工程師來和宇航員一起執(zhí)行航天任務介紹了幽默對宇航員的重要作用。 （1）考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“‘Being funny won39。t be enough to land somebody the job,’ Johnson said. ‘They also need to be an excellent engineer.’”可知，美國宇航局的新工作是幽默的工程師，故選A。 （2）考查詞義猜測。根據(jù)第三段中的“ such as on a mission to Mars, ”可知，與在地球上生活的寬廣空間不同，在火星任務中，你需要和其他人一起在狹小的航天器內(nèi)生活很長一段時間，由此可知畫線詞詞義為“狹小的空間、有限的空間”，故選D。 （3）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第四段中的“These are. people that have the ability to pull everyone together,”可知，幽默的人有能力把每個人都團結在一起，也就是說幽默能夠促進宇航員在任務中的團隊合作，故選B。 （4）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第五段中的“In stressful situations, perhaps humor is a way to know we aren39。t alone. By laughing together, we share our stress.”可知，在壓力大的情況下，幽默是一種減壓的方式，第六段第一句話又說有很多團隊小丑的例子，緊接著舉廚師的例子就是為了證明這一點，即：幽默的人能使人在困難的情況下振作起來，故選C。 【點評】本題考點涉及細節(jié)理解，詞義猜測和推理判斷三個題型的考查，是一篇科技類閱讀，考生需要準確捕捉細節(jié)信息，同時根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關系，進行分析，推理，從而選出正確答案。8．閱讀理解 ESports, short for electronic sports, is one of the growing industries in the world, with prizes totaling around $25 million up for grabs in some tournaments. ESports are professional multiplayer video game petitions. Any video game with a strong petitive element is considered eSports. The petition models itself after traditional professional sports in several ways: it uses corresponding tournament formats, involves player contracts, and is governed by regulations. The athletes who pete in eSports petitions are gamers． The history of eSports dates back to 1972 when some Stanford University students peted in the Intergalactic Space War Olympics for the opportunity to win a oneyear subscription to the Rolling Stone Magazine. ESports pretty much continu