【正文】 的是一款配送物品的機(jī)器人。故選B。 （2）考查詞義猜測(cè)。根據(jù)第二段中的which include maintenance, engineering and programming列舉了照看機(jī)器人的工作范疇，故選A。 （3）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)最后一段中的A huge number of jobs will be produced as autonomous vehicles are released into the environment可知，隨著自動(dòng)化車輛被投放到市場(chǎng)，將產(chǎn)生大量的就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)。故選C。 （4）考查句義理解。該劃線句子的字面意思是：機(jī)器人保姆可能會(huì)覺(jué)得自己已經(jīng)獲得了未來(lái)的工作，但事實(shí)上，他們的位置可能會(huì)更好。根據(jù)字面意思，不難看出其隱藏的意思為：機(jī)器人保姆占據(jù)很大的優(yōu)勢(shì)，他們可以在未來(lái)作更好的工作。故選A。 【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，詞義猜測(cè)和句義猜測(cè)三個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇科普類閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息，同時(shí)根據(jù)上下文進(jìn)行邏輯，推理，歸納，從而選出正確答案。7．閱讀理解 Benefits and Problems of Genetic Engineering Plant breeding is the science of changing the characteristics of plants in order to produce desired ones. Genes in a plant are what determine what type of characteristics it will have. Plant breeders try to create a specific oute of plants and potentially new plant varieties by changing the genes of the plants through breeding, which is making new plants from parents of different varieties or species. Actually, plant breeding has been practiced for thousands of years, since near the beginning of human civilization. It is practiced worldwide by individuals such as gardeners and farmers and by professional plant breeders employed by organizations such as government institutions, universities, cropspecific industry associations or research centers. They have crossbred plants to create the new types of plants that are, for example, bigger, stronger, or more attractive. Crossbreeding can take such a long time, however, and it is inaccurate. Now, we can change exact sections of Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), so the process is more accurate and faster. But people all over the world are arguing about its benefits and disadvantages. Some people use the technology to produce desired characteristics of plants and animals. Other people are concerned that the genetically engineered plants may harm the environment and worried that they may be dangerous for people to eat. There are many reasons for changing plants in this way. International development agencies believe that breeding new crops is important for ensuring food security by developing new varieties that are higher yielding(高產(chǎn)的), disease resistant, drought tolerant or regionally adapted to different environments and growing conditions. For example, some genetically engineered plants can live through frost or draught. As a result, famers can make more profit because fewer plants will die. Some genetically engineered plants are more nutritious. They have less fat, taste better or stay fresher than nongenetically engineered plants. This will allow people to buy betterquality fruit and vegetables. Some genetically engineered plants can resist natural pests such as viruses or insects. This reduces the amount of chemical needed to kill pests, which is helpful to the environment. However, genetically engineered plants can cause unexpected problems. Genetically engineered plants that resist pests may pass on that characteristic to a wild relative. This may cause the wild plant to spread fast, because pests are not naturally killing it. Genetically engineered plants can also harm animals. A type of corn has been developed which kills a species of insect that destroys it. The pollen (花粉) from this corn, however, can also kill monarch butterflies—the most beautiful of all butterflies, which do not harm the corn. To ensure the most adapted varieties are identified, advocates of organic breeding now promote the use of direct selection for many desired characteristics. Genetic engineering is a very new science and we have a lot to learn about the good it can do and the damage it can cause. The main concern is that not enough tests are being done to ensure it is safe.（1）According to the passage, the purpose of plant breeding is to . A.beautify the environmentB.change the genes of plantsC.produce new plant varietiesD.assess the value of the practice（2）The author thinks crossbreeding inaccurate because . A.the sections of DNA are changedB.problems are sometimes causedC.manpower and resources are wastedD.animals are produced using the technology（3）The author39。s attitude toward crossbreeding is . A.doubtfulB.disapprovingC.objectiveD.supportive（4）Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage? Sp：Subpoint （次要點(diǎn)） C：ConclusionI：Introduction Cp：Central Point P：PointA.B.C.D.【答案】 （1）C（2）B（3）C（4）A 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，基因工程是一門非常新 的科學(xué)，關(guān)于它能帶來(lái)的好處和它能造成的破壞，我們有很多東西要學(xué)習(xí)。 （1）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中的”Plant breeders try to create a specific oute of plants and potentially new plant varieties by changing the genes of the plants through breeding, which is making new plants from parents of different varieties or species.“植物育種家試圖通過(guò)育種改變植物的基因來(lái)創(chuàng)造植物和潛在的新植物品種的特定結(jié)果，即從不同品種或物種的親本培育新植物，可知植物育種的目的是生產(chǎn)新的植物品種，故選C。 （2）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第四段中的”However, genetically engineered plants can cause unexpected problems.“可知作者認(rèn)為雜交是錯(cuò)誤的，是因?yàn)橛袝r(shí)會(huì)產(chǎn)生問(wèn)題，故選B。 （3）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段中的”Genetic engineering is a very new science and we have a lot to learn about the good it can do and the damage it can cause. The main concern is that not enough tests are being done to ensure it is safe.“基因工程是一門非常新的科學(xué)，關(guān)于它能帶來(lái)的好處和它能造成的破壞，我們有很多東西要學(xué)習(xí)。主要的問(wèn)題是沒(méi)有進(jìn)行足夠的測(cè)試來(lái)確保它是安全的。由此推斷出，作者對(duì)雜交的態(tài)度是客觀的，故選C。 （4）考查推理判斷。第一段引出了基因工程這個(gè)話題，接下來(lái)從三個(gè)方面說(shuō)明了基因工程的益處，又從兩個(gè)方面闡述了基因工程的弊端，故選A。 【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解和推理判斷兩個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇科普類閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文進(jìn)行邏輯推理，從