【正文】 en. In the long term, this might cause someone to distance themselves from their roots. They may begin shying away from their native language, culture, and family for the sake of fitting in. In order to avoid this, many international students living in the . choose English names. People shouldn39。t have to ignore their identities for the sake of someone else39。s convenience. Everyone makes mistakes, and not everyone can get a name right on the first try. Mispronouncing a name repeatedly, however, shows a lack of effort. It is not okay to be fortable with mispronouncing names, and being unfamiliar with a language is no excuse. If you39。re unsure whether you39。re pronouncing a name correctly, just ask. Think of it as a way to expand and strengthen understanding, both personally and culturally. When meeting someone for the first time, make sure that you heard the name correctly. It doesn39。t take a lot to simply repeat the name back. Spell it out. Write it down. Do whatever you have to do to get the name right. Making the effort to correctly pronounce someone39。s name is an essential part of cultural petency (文化素養(yǎng)). Without this, we cannot expect to show respect and tolerance for our diverse munity.（1）What may a person39。s name tell us? A.His cultural background.B.His physical appearance.C.His favorite sound.D.His attitude to life.（2）What39。s the longterm influence of mispronouncing ones name? A.The feeling of shame may be caused.B.The person may feel overburdened.C.The character of the person may change.D.The person may try to hide his roots.（3）What does the writer think of mispronouncing a name repeatedly? A.It is unavoidable.B.It is unacceptable.C.It strengthens friendship.D.It shows discrimination.（4）What39。s the last paragraph mainly about? A.How to show our respect for others.B.How to avoid mispronouncing names.C.How to improve our pronunciation.D.How to live harmoniously in a munity.【答案】 （1）A（2）D（3）B（4）B 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，介紹了人的名字所代表的含義。一個(gè)名字不僅僅是一個(gè)單詞。它承載著一個(gè)人整個(gè)身份的重量。名字可以代表一個(gè)人的種族和文化，也可以表示對(duì)祖先的尊重。一個(gè)自取的名字可能代表一個(gè)人的信仰或選擇的身份。 （1）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中的“A name can represent a person39。s ethnicity (種族身份) and culture, or show respect for their ancestral roots.”名字可以代表一個(gè)人的種族和文化，也可以表示對(duì)祖先的尊重。可知，一個(gè)人的名字可以告訴他的文化背景。故選A。 （2）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段中的“In the long term, this might cause someone to distance themselves from their roots.”從長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)來(lái)看，這可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致一些人遠(yuǎn)離自己的根?？芍x錯(cuò)名字的長(zhǎng)期影響是這個(gè)人可能會(huì)試圖隱藏他的根源。故選D。 （3）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第五段中的“Mispronouncing a name repeatedly, however, shows a lack of effort. It is not okay to be fortable with mispronouncing names, and being unfamiliar with a language is no excuse.”然而，反復(fù)念錯(cuò)一個(gè)名字，表明你缺乏努力。對(duì)名字念錯(cuò)感到不舒服是不好的，不熟悉一門(mén)語(yǔ)言也不是借口?？芍?，作者對(duì)一個(gè)名字反復(fù)發(fā)錯(cuò)音這是不可接受的。故選B。 （4）考查段落大意。根據(jù)第一段中的“If you39。re unsure whether you39。re pronouncing a name correctly, just ask. Think of it as a way to expand and strengthen understanding, both personally and culturally.“如果你不確定你的名字發(fā)音是否正確，直接問(wèn)。把它看作是擴(kuò)展和加強(qiáng)理解的一種方式，無(wú)論是個(gè)人的還是文化的。”可知，最后一段講述的是“如何避免名字發(fā)音錯(cuò)誤?！惫蔬xB。 【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，推理判斷和段落大意大意三個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇文化類(lèi)閱讀，要求考生在捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。8．閱讀理解 At times we all get angry when we are driving. It might be because we are stuck in a traffic jam or stuck behind a very slow driver. It might be because we think another driver has done something very stupid and dangerous. Whatever the reason, it seems that getting angry in a car is something which happens more and more often and there is now a special term for it: road rage. Some experts even think that road rage is a kind of mental illness! How can we recognize this illness of road rage?There are two kinds of road rage: aggressive driving and aggressive reactions to the way other people are driving. Aggressive driving can take different forms: Driving much faster than the speed limit. Increasing your speed very quickly. Driving very close behind the car in front and sounding the horn or flashing the headlights. Changing lanes very suddenly and blocking another car. Moving into a parking space where another ear is trying to park.There are also different reactions to the way other people are driving. These include: Making rude signs at people. Shouting at people and threatening them. Deliberately driving into another person39。s car. Hitting somebody. Using a weapon such as a baseball bat, or even a gun or a knife. Road rage is certainly not a joke. There have been incidents of road rage which have led to serious injuries and even murder. Experts think that one reason for road rage is that films show a lot of examples of fast and aggressive driving such as car chases where this kind of driving seems to be positive. Experts also think that the punishments for dangerous driving are not serious enough. Experience shows that driving problems can be controlled，but it takes a long time. In the UK in the last 30 years, he police have been quite successful in reducing the number of people who drink and drive. They are now working to stop people using mobile phones when they are driving. Let39。s hope they can have the same success with road rage.（1）Which of the following describes aggressive reactions to the way other people are driving？ A.Making polite signs at people.B.Shouting at people and threatening them.C.Driving much faster than the speed limit.D.Moving into a parking space where another car is trying to park.（2）Ro