【正文】 人整個身份的重量。名字可以代表一個人的種族和文化，也可以表示對祖先的尊重。一個自取的名字可能代表一個人的信仰或選擇的身份。 （1）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中的“A name can represent a person39。s ethnicity (種族身份) and culture, or show respect for their ancestral roots.”名字可以代表一個人的種族和文化，也可以表示對祖先的尊重。可知，一個人的名字可以告訴他的文化背景。故選A。 （2）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段中的“In the long term, this might cause someone to distance themselves from their roots.”從長遠(yuǎn)來看，這可能會導(dǎo)致一些人遠(yuǎn)離自己的根。可知，讀錯名字的長期影響是這個人可能會試圖隱藏他的根源。故選D。 （3）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第五段中的“Mispronouncing a name repeatedly, however, shows a lack of effort. It is not okay to be fortable with mispronouncing names, and being unfamiliar with a language is no excuse.”然而，反復(fù)念錯一個名字，表明你缺乏努力。對名字念錯感到不舒服是不好的，不熟悉一門語言也不是借口?？芍?，作者對一個名字反復(fù)發(fā)錯音這是不可接受的。故選B。 （4）考查段落大意。根據(jù)第一段中的“If you39。re unsure whether you39。re pronouncing a name correctly, just ask. Think of it as a way to expand and strengthen understanding, both personally and culturally.“如果你不確定你的名字發(fā)音是否正確，直接問。把它看作是擴(kuò)展和加強(qiáng)理解的一種方式，無論是個人的還是文化的?！笨芍?，最后一段講述的是“如何避免名字發(fā)音錯誤?！惫蔬xB。 【點(diǎn)評】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，推理判斷和段落大意大意三個題型的考查，是一篇文化類閱讀，要求考生在捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。8．閱讀理解 On the banks of Tanzania39。s Lake Eyasi lives the world39。s last huntergatherer tribe (部落) — the Hadza. They don39。t grow food, raise animals or build houses. Instead they live a life unchanged for more than ten thousand years. Their world is one of plete freedom — something modern society can barely imagine and is unlikely to ever experience, let alone have the skills to stay alive. Text messages and phone calls don39。t exist. Nor do cars and electricity. No jobs, timetables, and social structures. No laws, taxes and unbelievably, no money — the closest thing to currency (交易) is the trade for a pair of shorts with a neighboring tribe. We spent our time with the Hadza hunting baboons (狒狒), a daily activity for the men. Their land is packed with sharp bushes, poisonous snakes and maneating lions. But a successful hunting trip is the difference between eating or going hungry. The Hadza diet consists mainly of honey, fruit and meat. Men often hunt in pairs to shoot animals with bows and arrows. The Hadza show us how to track animals, from baboons to snakes to lions. They are hugely skilled with their handmade bows and arrows — we have a go and barely get the arrow to go three feet in front of us. The language of the Hadza is believed to be the oldest stillspoken language known to man. The Hadza don39。t have conflict, and have no memory of starvation. Their population never reaches numbers that cannot be supported through hunting or gathering. They never get from their land more than they need. Unlike modernday office workers, the Hadza enjoy an extraordinary amount of free time. Their “work” — hunting for food — takes up around five hours of their day. They39。ve been in such a state of peaceful existence for thousands of years.（1）We can learn from the text that the Hadza_______. A.lead a very simple lifeB.live on traditional agricultureC.have their own system of currencyD.show a lot of interest in new technology（2）Which of the following can describe the Hadza39。s environment? A.Stressful.B.Comfortable.C.Exciting.D.Dangerous.（3）The relationship between the Hadza and nature_______. A.is going wrongB.is full of conflictC.is in perfect harmonyD.is changing all the time（4）Why does the author e to visit the Hadza? A.To study their native language.B.To get to know their way of life.C.To learn survival skills from them.D.To persuade them to protect animals.【答案】 （1）A（2）D（3）C（4）B 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了哈扎人的生活方式：他們生活簡單，主要以狩獵為生。他們和大自然和諧相處，長期以來過著平和的生活。 （1）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段和第二段中的“Instead they live a life unchanged for more than ten thousand years. Text messages and phone calls don39。t exist. Nor do cars and electricity. No jobs, timetables, and social structures. No laws, taxes and unbelievably, no money — the closest thing to currency (交易) is the trade for a pair of shorts with a neighboring tribe.”可知，他們過著一萬年不變的生活……短信和電話根本不存在。汽車和電力也沒有。沒有工作、時間表和社會結(jié)構(gòu)。沒有法律、稅收。難以置信的是，沒有錢。由此可以推知，the Hadza過著非常簡單的生活。故選A。 （2）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第三段中的“Their land is packed with sharp bushes, poisonous snakes and maneating lions”可知，他們的土地上滿是鋒利的灌木叢，毒蛇和食人獅。由此可知，他們的環(huán)境非常危險。故選D。 （3）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“The Hadza don39。t have conflict, and have no memory of starvation. Their population never reaches numbers that cannot be supported through hunting or gathering. They never get from their land more than they need.”可知，哈扎人沒有沖突，也沒有饑餓的記憶。它的人口從未達(dá)到通過狩獵或采集無法維持的數(shù)量。他們從自己的土地上得到的東西從來不超過他們所需要的。由此可知，他們和自然和諧相處。故選C。 （4）考查推理判斷?？v觀全文可知，本文介紹了哈扎人的生活方式：他們生活簡單，主要以狩獵為生。他們和大自然和諧相處，長期以來過著平和的生活。由文章的主要內(nèi)容可以推知，作者來參觀the Hadza就是為了了解他們的生活方式。故選B。 【點(diǎn)評】本題考點(diǎn)涉及推理判斷題型的考查，是一篇文化類閱讀，要求考生根據(jù)上下文進(jìn)行邏輯推理，從而選出正確答案。9．閱讀理解 Food festivals are a mon occurrence in the UK and take place in all sorts of places and at all sorts of times. Whatever your taste, there39。s a food festival to match no matter how specialized. Meatopia This threeday, Londonbased festival takes place at the end of August and is a meat lover39。s paradise. In addition to a range of meat products, from burgers to steaks, attendees can listen to live music, watch butchery shows, and attend informal meatbased workshops. Vegfest If you prefer a festival that will help you meet your five a day, then Vegfest fest is for you. This veganfriendly event takes place several times a year. Here you can enjoy a wide selection of freshly prepared vegetables, lear