【文章內(nèi)容簡(jiǎn)介】 示說(shuō)話(huà)人向?qū)Ψ教岢稣?qǐng)求或詢(xún)問(wèn)。用would語(yǔ)氣更加婉轉(zhuǎn)。2)will 表示現(xiàn)在的習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。would 表示過(guò)去的習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。3)will 用于各種人稱(chēng), 表示 意志、意愿、決心、允諾。would 表示過(guò)去時(shí)間的 意志、意愿、......。(1)Don39。t smoke in the meeting room, ___ you? you you youWill you e with me?Yes, I will.(I am sorry , I can39。t.)(2)Would you tell us something about yourself?Yes, I will.(3) don39。t won39。t can39。t haven39。t to 應(yīng)該。應(yīng)當(dāng)1)You oughtn39。t to smoke too )She ____ for what she has to praise be praised to have praised to be praised to e e 1)He dare not tell the )He doesn39。t dare to e out at )I don39。t know whether he ____ allowed 1).作為情態(tài)動(dòng)詞:必須 2).作為實(shí)義動(dòng)詞: 需要 need(to do something。to be done by somebody) need(doing。to be done)1)Do they need to take any books with them?No, they don39。t need )Need we buy any new equipment?No, we needn39。)This farm tool needs farm tool needs to be )Shall I tell John about it ?No, you 39。ve told him 39。t 39。t 39。t 39。t 5)It39。s a fine ____ take a raincoat with 39。t 39。t 39。t not [★★★]五、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的解題例析(1)認(rèn)真審題，結(jié)合所給出的語(yǔ)境，正確把握說(shuō)話(huà)者的語(yǔ)氣、情感、態(tài)度、觀(guān)點(diǎn)等。(2)認(rèn)真思考所給選項(xiàng)中情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的基本特征和用法，并結(jié)合語(yǔ)境推敲答案。(3)要注意把握時(shí)間概念。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞無(wú)論是表達(dá)“推測(cè)和可能性”，還是表達(dá)“虛擬”這一概念，只要是對(duì)過(guò)去已經(jīng)發(fā)生的事情進(jìn)行描述，一律用“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+have done”這一結(jié)構(gòu)；對(duì)現(xiàn)在或?qū)?lái)的事情進(jìn)行描述，用“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+動(dòng)詞或系動(dòng)詞原形”。例如：（NMET2008山東，24）Thank you for all your hard work last don’t think we ______ it without manage have managed manage have managed 根據(jù)題干中所給出的時(shí)間last week可知我們已經(jīng)做完了工作，已經(jīng)完成，故排除A、C兩項(xiàng)，再結(jié)合could have done表示虛擬語(yǔ)氣以及與前面的I don’t think…，故說(shuō)話(huà)者想表達(dá)的意思是：離開(kāi)了你，我們本不可能完成這項(xiàng)工作。故答案為B項(xiàng)。Expansion and Improvement【知識(shí)拓展、能力提升】（D級(jí) 拓展類(lèi)）（C、B層學(xué)生展示，A層學(xué)生補(bǔ)充）★下面我們來(lái)看看?？嫉囊恍┣閼B(tài)動(dòng)詞★以下試題均來(lái)源于往年的高考試題，具有很強(qiáng)的針對(duì)性(1)must表示推測(cè)，意為“一定??”，只能用于肯定句中。must have done意為：一定做過(guò)某事或某事肯定發(fā)生了。例如：—She looks very ______ have passed the exam.—I guess ’s not difficult after 【解析】句意為：她看上去很高興，一定是通過(guò)了考試?！敬鸢浮緾(2)should(not)/ ought(not)to在中表示根據(jù)常規(guī)或常識(shí)推測(cè)，表示“某事應(yīng)該或不應(yīng)該發(fā)生”，語(yǔ)氣比must或can’t / couldn’t稍弱。例如：—How’s your tour around the North Lake? Is it beautiful? —It ________ be, but it is now heavily 【解析】should此處表示推測(cè)，意為“應(yīng)該”?！敬鸢浮緾 ②There _________ be any difficulty about passing the road test since you have practiced a lot in the driving ’t’t’t’t 【解析】句意：既然你在駕校進(jìn)行了大量訓(xùn)練，那么通過(guò)道路測(cè)試按理不應(yīng)該有困難。【答案】C(3)can, could表達(dá)推測(cè)時(shí)，一般用于疑問(wèn)句和否定句中；can用于肯定句中表示一種理論上的可能性，并不牽涉是否真的會(huì)發(fā)生，在這種用法中can只能與動(dòng)詞原形連用；could用于肯定句中，語(yǔ)氣比may/ might更弱。例如： ①You ______ be hungry already — you had lunch only two hours ago!’t’t’t’t ②She ______ have left school, for her bike is still ’t’t’t’t ③It is usually warm in my hometown in March, but it _____ be rather cold ④Peter ____ be really difficult at times even though he’s a nice person in 【解析】①② 兩個(gè)考題中can用于中表示否定的推測(cè)，意為：不可能，一定不會(huì)； ③④兩個(gè)考題中can表示理論上的可能性，翻譯為：有時(shí)候會(huì)???！敬鸢浮竣?B ② A③ B ④ C(4)may(not)/ might(not)表達(dá)一種不太把握的推測(cè)，意為“或許，可能”；might的語(yǔ)氣比may較婉轉(zhuǎn)。例如：① Liza ___ well not want to go on the tripshe hates 【解析】may well為固定搭配，意為：很可能，極有可能?！敬鸢浮浚蘑贏lthough this ____ sound like a simple task, great care is 【解析】這聽(tīng)起來(lái)或許是一項(xiàng)簡(jiǎn)單的任務(wù)，但卻需要極大的細(xì)心。【答案】B ③—I can’t find my purse anywhere.—You __ have lost it while 【解析】結(jié)合語(yǔ)境可知，回答者是在提醒對(duì)方：或許購(gòu)物時(shí)把錢(qián)包丟了?！敬鸢浮緼（二）表達(dá)虛擬語(yǔ)氣的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞對(duì)過(guò)去的一種結(jié)果的假設(shè)或虛擬，用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+have done這一結(jié)構(gòu)，常用的有以下幾個(gè)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞：(1)should(not)/ ought(not)to have done本（不）應(yīng)該做某事，但卻沒(méi)有做或做了，含有責(zé)備或后悔之意。例如：—I’m _________at you the other day.—Forget was a bit out of control ’t shout’t have shouted ’t shout’t have shouted 【解析】對(duì)不起，我那天本不應(yīng)該對(duì)你大喊大叫的?！敬鸢浮緽(2)could have done本來(lái)能夠做某事但未做。例如：Thank you for all your hard work last don’t think we ______ it without manage have managed manage have managed 【解析】根據(jù)題干中所給出的時(shí)間last week可知我們已經(jīng)做完了工作，已經(jīng)完成，故排除A、C兩項(xiàng)，再結(jié)合could have done表示虛擬語(yǔ)氣以及與前面的I don’t think?，故說(shuō)話(huà)者想表達(dá)的意思是：離開(kāi)了你，我們本不可能完成這項(xiàng)工作?！敬鸢浮緽(3)needn’t have done本沒(méi)有必要做某事但卻做了。要注意needn’t do則表達(dá)“沒(méi)有必要去做某事”，時(shí)間上應(yīng)該是現(xiàn)在或?qū)?lái)。例如： ①—Catherine, I have cleaned the room for you.— ________ could manage it ’t do’t have done’t do’t have done 【解析】根據(jù)句意可知Catherine對(duì)對(duì)方為她打掃了房間表示感謝并提到對(duì)方不必為她打掃房間。【答案】B ② The boss has given everyone a special holiday, so wego to work ’t’t’t’t 【解析】老板給所有的員工放了假，所以我們明天不必再去上班。【答案】C(4)would(not)have done本來(lái)(不)會(huì)發(fā)生某事，但卻（發(fā)生了）或沒(méi)有發(fā)生。常用于虛擬條件句或含蓄虛擬條件引導(dǎo)的虛擬語(yǔ)氣，表示對(duì)過(guò)去所發(fā)生事情結(jié)果的假設(shè)。例如：He hesitated for a moment before kicking the ball, otherwise, he ________ a scored score have scored 【解析】句中otherwise為含蓄條件，相當(dāng)于if he had not hesitated for a moment before kicking the ball，這是對(duì)過(guò)去的一種虛擬假設(shè)。【答案】D(5)might have done表示“本來(lái)可能??”，但實(shí)際上沒(méi)有發(fā)生的事。例如： What a pity!Considering his ability and experience, he ________ have done have done have done have done 【解析】真是可惜！考慮到他的能力和經(jīng)驗(yàn)，他本來(lái)可以做得更好的?！敬鸢浮緿（三）表達(dá)“情感、態(tài)度、語(yǔ)氣” 等方面的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 “情感、態(tài)度、語(yǔ)氣”主要有以下用法：(1)表示主觀(guān)的義務(wù)和必要，主要用于肯定句和疑問(wèn)句，意思為“必須??，得??，要??”；由must引起的疑問(wèn)句，肯定回答要用must或have to，否定回答要用needn’t或don’t have to,意思是“不必”。另外，must與have to都可以表示“必須”這一含義。must表示一種主觀(guān)的需要，而have to表示一種客觀(guān)的需要，意思是“不得不”，其否定形式是don’ have to。例如：What sort of house do you want to have? Something big?Well, it ______ be bigthat39。s not 39。t39。t39。t39。t【解析】Something big?此處意為：Must it be big? 回答者的意思是：房子不必太大—那并不重要?！敬鸢浮緽(2)must的否定形式mustn’t表示禁止，意思是“不能，不許”。例如： When I was young, I was told that I ______ play with matches39。t39。t39。t39。t 【解析】當(dāng)我年輕的時(shí)候，（家人）就一直告誡我千萬(wàn)不要玩火柴?！敬鸢浮緾(3)must用于條件句或疑問(wèn)句中，可以用來(lái)表示責(zé)備、抱怨的感情色彩，意思為“偏要，硬要、干嘛”。例如： ①—May I smoke here ? —If you ____, choose a seat in the smoking ②John, look at the you play the piano at such a late hour? A．MustB．CanC．MayD．Need 【解析】must在這兩道試題中均表示“非得，偏要”?！敬鸢浮竣?D② A (1)should應(yīng)該，表示“責(zé)任和義務(wù)”。例如：According to the air traffic rules, you ___ switch off your mobile phone before 【解析】should此處表示根據(jù)交通法規(guī)應(yīng)盡的責(zé)任和義務(wù)。【答案】D(2)在虛擬條件句中用以加強(qiáng)假設(shè)語(yǔ)氣，表示“與將來(lái)事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)”，用 If+主語(yǔ)+ should +動(dòng)詞原形，當(dāng)“萬(wàn)一(會(huì))”講。這時(shí)可省略if，將should提到句首，變?yōu)榈寡b句式。請(qǐng)看下面的例子：If it should rain(=Should it rain)tomorrow, I would stay at ，我就待在家里。再如：________ fired, your health care and other benefits will not be immediately cut you be you be you be you be 【解析】句意：萬(wàn)一你被解雇，給你的醫(yī)療救助和其它方面的福利也不會(huì)被取消?！敬鸢浮緽(3)should還可以用來(lái)表示說(shuō)話(huà)人對(duì)某事不能理解、趕到意外、驚異等意思，譯為“竟然，竟會(huì)”。例如：You can’t imagine that a wellbehaved gentleman _____ be so rude to a 【解析】句意：你想象不到這么一個(gè)表現(xiàn)良好的紳士竟然會(huì)對(duì)一個(gè)女士這么粗魯?！敬鸢浮緾 (1)shall用于第一和第三人稱(chēng)，常用于疑問(wèn)句中，用來(lái)征求對(duì)方意見(jiàn)。例如： ①—What’s the name? — I spell it for you?