【文章內(nèi)容簡(jiǎn)介】 但通常無(wú)出處，所以常排除。特征詞：best、first、last、no、all、none、primally、best、always、never、main、more?than?.as?.as?.、only、sole、unique4．例證原則：例子本身不重，所支持的觀點(diǎn)、論斷最重要。做題技巧：－－－－－－細(xì)節(jié)題：1． 文章議論順序和出題順序一致；2． 從題干中尋找典型的特征詞回原文中定位；常用定位詞：時(shí)間，地點(diǎn)，人名，特征名詞及其定語(yǔ)3． 從選項(xiàng)當(dāng)中尋找一個(gè)與所定位內(nèi)容意思最接近的作為正確答案。排除法：1。分清有無(wú)，2。分清強(qiáng)弱，3。分清主次，4。分清正反，5。分清寬窄，6。分清全偏。＊ ＊＊選項(xiàng)中有以下幾個(gè)詞則排除：totally, palatly, unlimitely.－－－－－－態(tài)度題：永遠(yuǎn)不可能為答案的詞：indifrent（漠不關(guān)心的），subjuct（主觀的）常選詞：樂(lè)觀、贊揚(yáng)：positive（支持），accurate，optimistic（樂(lè)觀的）中立： objective（客觀的）在自然科學(xué)文章中常作正確選項(xiàng)neutral（中立的）在自然科學(xué)文章中常作正確選項(xiàng)悲觀、批評(píng)：critical（批評(píng)的），nejative，pessimistic（悲觀的）出處：1。主題句，2。例證的傾向性，3，修飾語(yǔ)的感情色彩－－－－－－topic題（1個(gè)）：1． 文章的topic（議論對(duì)象、說(shuō)明對(duì)象）必須存在于正確答案當(dāng)中；在文章中尋找topic：從前不從后，從多不從少。2． 排除：文章所談的細(xì)節(jié)內(nèi)容和段落內(nèi)容永遠(yuǎn)不可能成為答案；3． 主題句的出處：文章首句 或 首段末句 或 二段首句。－－－－－－infer題（1—2個(gè)）：1． 基本原則：從選項(xiàng)當(dāng)中尋找一個(gè)與原文意思最相近的作為正確答案；2． 從選項(xiàng)下手，運(yùn)用排除法。－－－－－－詞匯和指代合在一起（出一題）： 外語(yǔ)下載中心1． 指代：在文章中找到位置往前找，離它最近的名詞、詞組和句子；2． 詞匯：從該詞附近的定語(yǔ)從句、同位語(yǔ)、同位語(yǔ)從句、逗號(hào)和破折號(hào)中間的插入語(yǔ)并列結(jié)構(gòu)去猜詞。（一）聽(tīng)力題型分析 ｉ、ａ節(jié)（section ａ）１、問(wèn)題類型ａ節(jié)每組對(duì)話一般是在一男一女之間進(jìn)行的一問(wèn)一答。問(wèn)題一般由先講話的人提出。題目均以問(wèn)句形式出現(xiàn)，其中多數(shù)是特殊疑問(wèn)句。這些問(wèn)題涉及的內(nèi)容大致歸納如下： ａ、多用來(lái)問(wèn)以下內(nèi)容：１）問(wèn)“是什么、要什么、討論什么、什么種類”等，如： what is the man39。39。s answer? what does the woman want for lunch? what are they talking about? what kind of books does the man want to borrow? ２）問(wèn)“做什么”，如：what does the woman tell the man to do first? what are the speakers doing now? what will happen if john fails the exam? ３）問(wèn)“什么含義”，如：what does the man mean(imply)? what does the woman39。39。s answer suggest? ４）問(wèn)“從對(duì)話中能獲得什么信息或結(jié)論”，如： what can we learn from the conversation? what can be concluded from this conversation? ５）問(wèn)“對(duì)某人或某事有什么看法”，如： what does the man think of miss brown? what does the woman think of the plan? ｂ、ａ節(jié)中用提出的問(wèn)題主要問(wèn)“對(duì)話可能是在什么場(chǎng)所發(fā)生的”，即： where does this conversation most probably take place? where does this conversation most likely occur? where are the man and woman? ｃ、可能問(wèn)以下幾個(gè)方面的情況： １）問(wèn)鐘點(diǎn)（可用替換），如：man(m): what time did yesterday39。39。s football match start? woman(w): it was supposed to start at a quarter to 7, but it was delayed an (q): when did the game finally start? ２）問(wèn)在哪個(gè)星期或星期幾（后者可用替換），如： w: i thought to go to town have some shopping to : don39。39。t spend too much, i won39。39。t get paid until next : when will he be paid? ３）問(wèn)日期，如：when will the winter vacation begin? ｄ、用提問(wèn)的問(wèn)題可以問(wèn)原因，也可以問(wèn)目的，如： 外語(yǔ)下載中心why is the man late? why did the man repair the car by himself? ｅ、可能問(wèn)對(duì)話者某一方的身份、對(duì)話人之間的關(guān)系或?qū)υ捴猩婕暗降钠渌说那闆r，如： w: may i help you ,sir? m: i hope 39。39。s my brought it in to be repaired, but i39。39。ve lost the : who is the man? ｆ、主要針對(duì)以下內(nèi)容提問(wèn)：１）問(wèn)做某事的方式、方法或使用的交通工具，如： how did the teacher usually begin his class? how does the man usually go to work? ２）問(wèn)“對(duì)某事的感受如何”，如： how does the man feel about the movie? how do you like the film? ｇ、問(wèn)“多少”，屬于涉及數(shù)字的題，可能有以下幾種形式： how many persons...? how many dozens of...does...want? how much does...? how old is...? how long does it take...to...? ａ節(jié)的問(wèn)句根據(jù)疑問(wèn)詞劃分，大致可以歸為以上七類。ａ節(jié)中偶爾也有個(gè)別一般疑問(wèn)句。但也可能出現(xiàn)其它類型的問(wèn)句，（如以whom,whose,which提問(wèn)），或針對(duì)以上未歸納的內(nèi)容進(jìn)行提問(wèn)。（二）２、對(duì)話內(nèi)容分類若按對(duì)話內(nèi)容分類，則可分為以下幾種類型： ａ、時(shí)間類：包括直接型和計(jì)算型。如：w: your library books are due on december you have not finished using them by then, you may renew them : thank you very only need them for a few : when must the man return his books to the library? ｂ、數(shù)字類：包括直接型和計(jì)算型。如： w: do you live in a college dormitory? m: yes, i 39。39。s a six－man suite, but at the moment only four of us live : how many people share the suite now? ｃ、地點(diǎn)類：包括直接型和含蓄型。如： m: i need to cash this check? w: will you step right over to the teller39。39。s window, please? q: where is the conversation most probably taking place? ｄ、否定類：此類對(duì)話既可以含有not,no,neither,nor等否定詞，也有 but,although等轉(zhuǎn)折詞，或由would rather,too...to結(jié)構(gòu)及虛擬語(yǔ)氣等表達(dá)。因此，對(duì)于后者要特別加以注意。如： m: ann, do you have any extra money you could loan me? w: i wish i could help went shopping i have only two dollars till the end of the : will the man borrow any money from the woman? 此題的答案肯定是no。聽(tīng)這段話時(shí)要抓住i wish i could help 。這句話雖然從表面上看是外語(yǔ)下載中心肯定式，但卻隱含著i39。39。m sorry i can39。39。t help 。ｅ、人物類：包括人物關(guān)系、人物身份兩類。此類對(duì)話提供一個(gè)情節(jié)，能反映所涉及的人的關(guān)系或身份。如： m: good evening, is a table for two over way, : thank i see the menu, please? q: what39。39。s the relationship between the man and woman? a)husband and )waiter and )salesman and )host and 、活動(dòng)類：這一類談話內(nèi)容可涉及上課、娛樂(lè)、工作、日常生活等各種情況。如：w: are you going to new york next weekend? m: yes, i39。39。m going to look up bill while i39。39。m : what39。39。s the man going to do? 這類對(duì)話中往往先后出現(xiàn)幾種情況，要注意聽(tīng)問(wèn)句是什么，然后再作出選擇。（三）３、幾種常見(jiàn)的解題方法ａ節(jié)中的對(duì)話雖然簡(jiǎn)短，但多數(shù)情況下，往往不能從聽(tīng)到的內(nèi)容中找到與選擇項(xiàng)內(nèi)容完全相同的部分，即對(duì)話中一般沒(méi)有現(xiàn)成的答案。因此，在聽(tīng)的時(shí)候要注意抓住選擇項(xiàng)的同義或反義詞（組）用辨別法答題（解活動(dòng)類多用此方法），或根據(jù)對(duì)話內(nèi)容采用歸納、推論或辨別的方法回答。用這種方法答題，類型不僅僅限于諸如“what does the man mean?”這樣的題目，其它如含蓄人物類、人物身份類、含蓄地點(diǎn)類、否定類題目也與此類似。如：w: how do you like the play you saw last night? m: well, i should have stayed at : what does the man think of the play? a)it is )it is )he didn39。39。t see the )he like it very “i should have stayed at home.”（我真該待在家里），這句話已婉轉(zhuǎn)地表明他不喜歡這出戲，而對(duì)沒(méi)有待在家里表示遺憾、后悔（should have done something這種結(jié)構(gòu)可用來(lái)表示“對(duì)應(yīng)該發(fā)生而實(shí)際上沒(méi)有發(fā)生的事情表示遺憾、后悔或譴責(zé)）。能使他產(chǎn)生此感想的原因自然是”the play is boring.“（演出令人厭煩），因而ｂ是正確的答案。否定類題目多含有虛擬語(yǔ)氣、語(yǔ)氣否定、暗示比喻、強(qiáng)化意見(jiàn)等形式。這一節(jié)屬于此數(shù)字類題目的對(duì)話中，多出現(xiàn)兩處，甚至三、四處數(shù)字或時(shí)間，因此，除了用辨別方法外，有時(shí)必須用計(jì)算方法才能得出正確答案.（四）四六級(jí)英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)作類型1． 體裁：說(shuō)明文，議論文 最近幾年的四六級(jí)作文的體裁以說(shuō)明文和議論文為主。說(shuō)明文如：how to succeed in a job interview（2000，12，四級(jí)）, how i finance my college education（2000，1 四級(jí)）, practice makes perfect，haste makes waste（97，1 六級(jí)）議論文如：don39。39。t hesitate to say ”no“（99，1 四級(jí)和六級(jí)）, can money buy happiness（95，1 四級(jí)）, is a test of spoken english necessary？（2000，6 四級(jí)）reading selectively or extensively?(99，6六級(jí))，do ”lucky numbers“ really bring good luck?(98,6 四級(jí)和六級(jí))2．段落類型：比較/對(duì)比，列舉，程序等 說(shuō)明和議論文章所采用的文章擴(kuò)展模式一般以比較/對(duì)照，舉例、列舉、因果、程序等者居多。如：don39。39。t hesitate to say ”no“, reading selectively or extensively等很多四六級(jí)寫(xiě)作中都涉及到兩種觀點(diǎn)的對(duì)比，整體的段落類型為對(duì)照型。practice makes perfect, harmfulness of 外語(yǔ)下載中心fake modities等可采用因果行的段落結(jié)構(gòu)模式，也可以采用舉例說(shuō)明的結(jié)構(gòu)模式。advantages of a job interview則應(yīng)采用列舉的段落擴(kuò)展模式。3． 出題方式：提綱式寫(xiě)作，中文提綱，一般為三句或兩句。如：99年1月份考題directions: for this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a position on the topic: don39。39。t hesitate to say ”no“.you should write at least 100 words and you should base your position on t