【文章內(nèi)容簡介】 as cards and gifts, Christmas singing, church attendance, the display of various Christmas decorations and trees, family gatherings, and a special meal small children, the festival is full of fantasy and （傳說)has it that Santa Claus will enter each house through the chimney and bring gifts to wellbehaved children on Christmas giftgiving and many other aspects of the Christmas festival heighten economic activity among both Christians and nonChristians, the holiday has also bee a significant event and a key sales period for ： 圣誕節(jié)是一個(gè)被廣泛慶祝的文化節(jié)日，全世界有許許多多的人在1 2月2 5日慶祝這一節(jié)日。它是為了紀(jì)念耶穌基督的誕辰。該節(jié)日最早可追溯到公元3 3 6年。漸漸地，這一節(jié)日演變?yōu)橐粋€(gè)既是宗教又是非宗教的節(jié)日，越來越多的非基督徒也慶祝圣誕節(jié)。如今，圣誕節(jié)在全球被作為一個(gè)重大的節(jié)日和公共假日來慶祝。不同國家的圣誕節(jié)風(fēng)俗也各不相同?，F(xiàn)代流行的圣誕節(jié)風(fēng)俗包括交換圣誕賀卡和圣誕禮物、唱圣誕歌曲、參加教堂活動(dòng)、擺放各種圣誕裝飾品和圣誕樹、舉行家庭聚會(huì)以及準(zhǔn)備一頓特別的大餐。對(duì)小孩子們來說，這個(gè)節(jié)日充滿了幻想和驚喜。據(jù)傳說，圣誕老人會(huì)在圣誕夜從煙囪進(jìn)入每戶人家，給乖巧聽話的孩子帶來禮物。由于圣誕節(jié)送禮物以及許多其他方面推動(dòng)了基督徒和非基督徒的經(jīng)濟(jì)活動(dòng)，圣誕節(jié)也因此成為商家的一個(gè)重大活動(dòng)和主要銷售季。原文：每 年 農(nóng) 歷（Chinese lunar calendar）八 月 十 五 是我 國 的 傳 統(tǒng) 節(jié) 日 —— 中 秋 節(jié)（the MidAutumn Festival）。這時(shí)是一年秋季的中期，所以被稱為中秋。中秋節(jié)的一項(xiàng)重要活動(dòng)是賞月。夜晚，人們賞明月、吃月餅，共慶中秋佳節(jié)。中秋節(jié)也是家庭團(tuán)圓的時(shí)刻，遠(yuǎn)在他鄉(xiāng)的游子，會(huì)借此寄托自己對(duì)故鄉(xiāng)和親人的思念之情。中秋節(jié)的習(xí)俗很多，都寄托著人們對(duì)美好生活的熱愛和向往。自2008年起，中秋節(jié)成為中國的法定節(jié)假日 翻譯：According to the Chinese lunar calendar, August 15 of every year is a traditional Chinese festival — the MidAutumn day is the middle of autumn, so it is called of the important MidAutumn Festival activities is to enjoy the that night, people gather together to celebrate the MidAutumn Festival, looking up at the bright moon and eating moon festival is also a time for family living far away from home will express their feelings of missing their hometowns and families at this are many customs to celebrate the festival, all expressing people39。s love and hope for a happy 2008, the MidAutumn Festival has bee an official national holiday in 3 原文：he London Underground is a rapid transit（交通運(yùn)輸系統(tǒng))system in the United Kingdom, serving a large part of Greater underground system is also known as the Tube, due to the characteristic shape of the subway all started in the Tube wasthe world39。s first underground train system, with the first section opening in then it has grown to an underground masterpiece(杰作)of 12 lines, 275 stations, and over 250 miles of rail track, 45% of which is is the fourth largest metro system in the world in terms of route also has one of the largest numbers of an affordable and easy way to get around London, the Tube remains the first choice for millions of muters each day, as well as tourists visiting the city on Tube has been an international icon for London Underground celebrated its 150 years of operation in 2013, with various events marking the milestone(里程碑).翻譯：倫敦地鐵是英國的一個(gè)快速交通運(yùn)輸系統(tǒng)，服務(wù)于大倫敦的大部分地區(qū)。地鐵系統(tǒng)因其地鐵隧道的典型形狀也被稱為地下管道。倫敦地鐵始建于19 世紀(jì)中期，是世界上最早的地下鐵路系統(tǒng)。它的第一段地鐵于1863 年開始運(yùn)營。自此，倫敦地鐵不斷延伸，發(fā)展成為一個(gè)包括12條線路、275個(gè)車站、鐵軌總長超過250 英里的地鐵杰作，其中有45％在地下運(yùn)行。就路線長度而言，它是世界上第四大地鐵系統(tǒng)，也是車站數(shù)量最多的地鐵系統(tǒng)之一。作為一個(gè)走遍倫敦的經(jīng)濟(jì)便捷的途徑，倫敦地鐵一向是每天數(shù)百萬通勤者以及在節(jié)假日游歷倫敦的游客的首選。倫敦地鐵已成為倫敦的一個(gè)國際標(biāo)志。2013 年倫敦舉辦了各種各樣的活動(dòng)，慶祝地鐵運(yùn)營150 周年，紀(jì)念這一里程碑。原文：中國航天業(yè)開創(chuàng)于1956年。幾十年來，中國航天事業(yè)創(chuàng)造了一個(gè)又一個(gè)奇跡。1970年，中國成功發(fā)射了第一顆人造地球衛(wèi)星，成為世界上第五個(gè)獨(dú)立自主研制和發(fā)射人造地球衛(wèi)星的國家。1992年，中國開始實(shí)施載人航天飛行工程（manned spaceflight program）。2003年，中國成功發(fā)射了“神舟五號(hào)”載人飛船，使中國成為第三個(gè)發(fā)射載人飛船的國家。2007年發(fā)射了“嫦娥一號(hào)”，即第一顆繞月球飛行（lunarorbiting）的人造衛(wèi)星。2013年，第五艘載人飛船“神舟十號(hào)”發(fā)射成功，為中國空間站的建設(shè)打下了基礎(chǔ)。翻譯：China39。s space industry was launched in the past decades, China39。s space industry has created one miracle after 1970 China launched its first manmade earth satellite, ranking China the fifth country in the world to independently develop and launch manmade earth 1992 China began to carry out the manned spaceflight 2003 China launched Shenzhou5, a manned successful launch made China the third country to launch manned 2007 Chang39。e1, the first lunarorbiting manmade satellite, was sent to 2013 Shenzhou10, the fifth manned spaceship, was launched successfully, laying the foundation for building the Chinese Space 4 原文：As one of the first Europeans to travel across Asia through China, Marco Polo is perhaps the most wellknown foreign merchant and voyager to the Chinese traveled extensively（廣泛地)with his family, journeying from Europe to Asia from 1271 to remained in China for 17 of those book The Travels of Marco Polo depicts his journeys throughout Asia, giving Europeans their first prehensive look into the Far East, including China, India, and his written accounts the Westerners learned of porcelain, coal, gunpowder, printing, paper money, and silk for the first wealth of new geographic information recorded by Polo was widely used in the late 15th and the 16th centuries duringthe age of the European voyages of discovery and conquest（征服).In the centuries since his death, Marco Polo has received the recognition that failed to e his way during his Polo39。s story has inspired countless other adventurers to set off and see the ：作為通過中國游歷亞洲的首批歐洲人之一，馬可?波羅可能是中國人最熟知的外國商人和航海家。從1271 年到1295 年，他和他的家人游歷廣泛，遍及歐洲和亞洲。期間，他在中國留居了17 年。他的著作《馬可?波羅游記》描述了他游歷亞洲的旅程，讓歐洲人首次全面領(lǐng)略了包括中國、印度和日本在內(nèi)的遠(yuǎn)東地區(qū)的情況。從他的文字?jǐn)⑹鲋?，西方人第一次了解到瓷器、煤炭、火藥、印刷術(shù)、紙幣以及絲綢。在15 世紀(jì)末和16 世紀(jì)歐洲發(fā)現(xiàn)與征服的大航海時(shí)代，馬可?波羅所翻記錄的大量新的地理信息得到了廣泛使用。在他去世后的這幾個(gè)世紀(jì)里，馬可?波羅獲得了他在有生之年未曾獲得的贊譽(yù)。馬可?波羅的故事鼓舞了其他無數(shù)的探險(xiǎn)者去踏上征程，發(fā)現(xiàn)世界。原文： 鄭和是中國歷史上最著名的航海家（maritime explorer）。公元1405 年，明朝的統(tǒng)治者為了穩(wěn)固邊防（border defense）和開展海上貿(mào)易，派鄭和下西洋（the Western Seas）。在此后的28 年里，鄭和帶領(lǐng)船隊(duì)七下西洋，前后出海的人員有10 多萬人，訪問了30 多個(gè)國家和地區(qū)。船隊(duì)縱橫南亞、西亞，一直到非洲大陸。鄭和下西洋是世界航海（navigation）史上的壯舉，它展現(xiàn)了鄭和卓越的航海和組織才能，同時(shí)展現(xiàn)了明朝的國力和國威（national strength and prestige），加強(qiáng)了明朝和海外各國之間的關(guān)系。翻譯：Zheng He was the most famous maritime explorer in Chinese 1405 AD, the ruler of the Ming Dynasty sent Zheng He on a voyage to the Western Seas in order to strengthen border defense and develop trade by the following 28 years, Zheng He led his fleet, made seven voyages to the Western Seas with over 100,000 crew members in total, and visited more than 30 countries and fleet traveled far into South Asia and West Asia, and made all the way to the continent of He39。s voyages to the Western Seas were a great feat in the world39。s navigation showed Zheng He39。s outstanding navigation and organizati