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、所以。Be make of + 原料由……制成。(看得出原材料)Be make from +原料由……制成。(看不出原材料)Afford(to buy)、負(fù)擔(dān)得起……Depend on 依靠、取決于。Depend on do on sb./ same as… 與……一樣。Nearly 差不多。Near 附近。Hard 努力地。Hardly 幾乎不。Protect….from… 保護(hù)……不受……的傷害。You are what you wear 衣如其人。Unit 8 Topic 2 Allow do 。Allow doing sth 允許做某事。Suitable for do 。Stop doing 。To carry out the plan 把計(jì)劃付諸行動(dòng)。At work 在工作,從事于…… Advise建議。作動(dòng)詞。Advice 建議。作名詞。Art of dressing 著裝藝術(shù)。Unit 8 Topic 3 There is going to be = there will be(初一知識(shí))將來時(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)。Ask for sb./ sth 至于,就某人、某事而言。Another 作形容詞,意為 又一個(gè),再一個(gè)。其結(jié)構(gòu)為:/another + = one more + 。\another + 數(shù)詞 + = 數(shù)詞 + more + 。Get its name 得名。Design … as … 把……設(shè)計(jì)成……Either… or… 要么……要么,不是……就是……,表選擇關(guān)系。分別that, those, one, 指代上文出現(xiàn)過的不可數(shù)名詞。Those 指代上文出現(xiàn)過的復(fù)數(shù)名詞。One 指代上文出現(xiàn)過的可數(shù)名詞的單數(shù)。Ones 指代上文出現(xiàn)過的可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)。Wellknown = widely known 眾所周知。At the time 一度,曾經(jīng)。At a time 每一次。用在句末。At times 有時(shí)候。等于sometimesExcept 除了……以外。除去部分不包括在內(nèi)。Besides 除了……以外,還有…… 除去部分包括在內(nèi)。But 除了……以外,沒有……,只有…… 賓語從句Ⅲ把疑問句變成陳述句(陳述語序):如果句中含有助動(dòng)詞dodoesdid 就把其刪掉后面的動(dòng)詞,作出相應(yīng)的變化。:如果句子含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞和be 動(dòng)詞,以及否定的助動(dòng)詞,把它們移動(dòng)到主語后,行為動(dòng)詞前。由特殊疑問詞引導(dǎo)的賓從可以轉(zhuǎn)換成:主語+謂語動(dòng)詞+特別疑問句詞+to+動(dòng)詞原形。賓語從句的口訣:學(xué)習(xí)賓從要注意,時(shí)態(tài)語序和連詞。時(shí)態(tài)主從要呼應(yīng):主句若為現(xiàn)在時(shí),從句時(shí)態(tài)隨句意。主句若為過去時(shí),從句時(shí)態(tài)變過去。賓從所示表真理,時(shí)態(tài)不變不懷疑。語序要用陳述序,切莫照搬疑問句。That連接陳述句,省與不省要注意。從句若表“是否”時(shí),if/whether 要牢記。特殊問句做賓語,仍用原來疑問詞。三個(gè)問題要記牢,切莫丟東又往西。賓語從句用法速記口訣:賓語從句須注意,幾點(diǎn)事項(xiàng)應(yīng)牢記。一是關(guān)鍵引導(dǎo)詞,不同句子詞相異。陳述句用that。一般疑問句是否(if, whether)替;特殊疑問句更好辦,引導(dǎo)詞還用疑問詞。二是詞態(tài)常變化,主句不同從句異。主句若為現(xiàn)在時(shí),從句時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)看意;主句若為過去詞,從句時(shí)態(tài)向前移。三是語序要記清,從句永保陳述序。第四篇:人教版八年級(jí)英語下冊(cè)單詞,短語,句型和語法總結(jié)Unit1 What’s the matter?【重點(diǎn)單詞】matter [?m230。t?] ,要緊,有關(guān)系 What?s the matter? 怎么了?出什么事了? sore [s?:(r)] ,酸痛的 have a cold 感冒stomach [39。st?m?k] ,腹部stomachache [39。st?m?ke?k] ,腹痛 have a stomachache 胃痛 foot(復(fù)數(shù)feet)[fu:t] neck [nek] ,脖子 throat [θr??t] fever [39。fi:v?] ,發(fā)熱 lie [la?] ,平躺 lie down 躺下rest [rest] ,其余;放松,休息 cough [k?f] n.amp。 Xray [39。eksre?] ,X射線 toothache [?tu:θe?k] take one39。s temperature 量體溫 headache [?hede?k] have a fever 發(fā)燒break [bre?k] n.amp。 ,暫停;打破 take breaks(take a break)休息 hurt [h?:t] ,損害,使受傷 passenger [39。p230。s?nd??] ,旅客 off [?f] (某處);從…去掉 get off 下車to one39。s surprise 使…驚訝,出乎…意料 onto [??nt?] ,朝trouble [?tr?bl] ,煩擾,問題 hit [hit] n.amp。 ,打,打擊 right away 立即,馬上 get into 陷入,參與herself [h?:?self] ,她本身(she的反身代詞)bandage [39。b230。nd?d?] n.amp。 ;用繃帶包扎 sick [s?k] ,不適的 knee [ni:] nosebleed [?n??zbli:d] breathe [bri:240。] sunburned [?s?nb?:nd] ourselves [ɑ:?selvz] (we的反身代詞)climber [?kla?m?(r)] be used to習(xí)慣于… 適應(yīng)于… risk [r?sk] n.amp。 ,危險(xiǎn);冒險(xiǎn) take risks(take a risk)冒險(xiǎn)accident [?230。ksid?nt] ;事故 situation [?sitju?ei??n] ,形式,情況 kg=kilogram [?k?l?gr230。m] ,千克 rock [r?k] run out(of)用盡,耗盡 knife [naif] ,餐刀 cut off 切除 blood [bl?d] mean [mi:n] ,意思是,意欲 get out of 離開,從… 出來 importance [?m?p?:tns] decision [d?39。s??n] ,決定,抉擇 control [k?n39。tr??l] ,支配,操縱 be in control of 掌管,管理 spirit [39。sp?r?t] ,意志 death [deθ] give up 放棄 nurse [n?:s] 【重點(diǎn)短語】 a fever 發(fā)燒 a cough 咳嗽 a toothache 牙疼 too much 說得太多 enough water 喝足夠的水 a cold 受涼。感冒 a stomachache 胃疼 a sore back 背疼 a sore throat 喉嚨痛 risks 冒險(xiǎn) tea with honey 加蜂蜜的熱茶 a dentist 看牙醫(yī) an Xray 拍X 光片 one? s temperature 量體溫 some medicine on ……上面敷藥 up 放棄 like 聽起來像 weekend 整個(gè)周末 the same way 以同樣的方式 to a doctor 看醫(yī)生 along 沿著……走 the side of the road 在馬路邊 for help 大聲呼救 thinking twice 沒有多想 off 下車 a heart problem 有心臟病 one? s surprise 另某人驚訝的是 to 多虧了 ;由于 time 及時(shí) a decision 做出決定 into trouble 造成麻煩 away 立刻;馬上 of 由于 out of 離開。從……出來 on doing a bandage on down 摔倒 sick 感到惡心 a nosebleed 流鼻血 his knee 割傷他的膝蓋 her head back 把她的頭向后仰 problems breathing 呼吸困難 climbing 登山運(yùn)動(dòng) used to doing out(of)用完。用盡 that 以便...that...如此……以至于...… in control of 掌管。管理 a difficult situation 在閑境中 【重點(diǎn)句型】39。s the matter with you?= What39。the trouble with you? = What39。s wrong with you? 你怎么了? should she do? 她該怎么辦呢? I take my temperature? 我應(yīng)該量一下體溫嗎? should lie down and 。 you think it es from a newspaper or a book? 你認(rèn)為它是來自報(bào)紙還是書呢? think I sat in the same way for too long without 。 said that the man had a heart problem and should go to the 。Unit2 I’ll help to clean up the city parks.【重點(diǎn)單詞】clean up 打掃(清除)干凈 cheer [t?i?] cheer up 變得更高興,振奮起來 give out 分發(fā),散發(fā)volunteer [?v?l?n?ti?] n.amp。 ;義務(wù)做 e up with 想出,提出 put off 推遲sign [sa?n] ,符號(hào),標(biāo)牌notice [?n??t?s] n.amp。 ,公告;注意到 hand out 分發(fā)call up 打電話給…某人,征召 used to do lonely [39。l??nl?] ,寂寞的 care for 照顧,非常喜歡several [?sevr?l] ,數(shù)個(gè),一些 strong [str??] ,強(qiáng)烈的 feeling [?fi:l??] ,感觸satisfaction [?s230。t?s39。f230。k?n] ,滿意 joy [d???] ,愉快 owner [???n?(r)] ,物主 try out 參加…選拔,試用journey [39。d??:n?] n.(尤指長途)旅行,行程 raise [re?z] ,舉起,籌集,征集 alone [??l?un] ,孤獨(dú)地 repair [ri?p??] ,修補(bǔ) fix [fiks] ,安裝 fix up 修理,修補(bǔ) give away 贈(zèng)送,捐贈(zèng) take after(外貌或行為)像broken [39。br??k?n] ,殘缺的 wheel [wi:l] n.amp。 ,車輪;旋轉(zhuǎn) letter [?let?] ,字母 Miss [m?s] set up 建立,設(shè)立disabled [dis?eib?ld] ,喪失能力的 make a difference 影響,有作用blind [bla?nd] ,盲目的,失明的 deaf [def] imagine [??m230。d??n] ,設(shè)想 difficulty [39。d?f?k?lt?] open [???p?n] door [d?:] carry [39。k230。r?] ,搬運(yùn) train [tre?n] ,培養(yǎng) training [?tre?n??] ,培訓(xùn) excited [?k?sa?t?d] ,興奮的kindness [?ka?ndn?s] ,善良,親切,善意 clever [?klev?] ,機(jī)靈的 understand [??nd??st230。nd] ,理解 change [t?e?nd?] n.amp。 interest [39。?ntr?st] n.amp。 ;興趣 sir [s?:(r)] madam [39。m230。d?m] ,女士【重點(diǎn)短語】 Day 清潔日 old people?s home 養(yǎng)老院 out with to 過去常常...... for 關(guān)心。照顧 look of joy 快樂的表情 the age of 在......歲時(shí) up 打掃(或清除)干凈 up(使)變得更高興。振奮 out 分發(fā)。散發(fā) up with 想出;提出 a plan 制訂計(jì)劃 some notices 做些公告牌 out 試用。試行 for 為…工作;為….效力 up 建造。舉起。張貼 out 分發(fā)。散發(fā)。發(fā)給 up 打電話。召集 off 推遲。延遲 example 比如;例如 money 籌錢。募捐 after 與......相像。像 away 贈(zèng)送。捐贈(zèng) up 修理。修補(bǔ)。解決 similar to 與……相似 up 建立。設(shè)立 people 殘疾人 a difference 影響。有作用 able to 能夠 reading program 課外閱讀項(xiàng)目【重點(diǎn)句型】 boy could give out food at the food 。 Day is only two weeks from 。 volunteers at an animal hospital every Saturday ,他都在一39。家動(dòng)物醫(yī)院當(dāng)志愿者。 year, she decided to try out for a volunteer afterschool reading ,她決定去參加一個(gè)課外閱讀項(xiàng)目的志愿者的選拔。 can see in their eyes that they39。re going on a different journey with each new 。 want to put off my plan to work in an animal hospital