【文章內(nèi)容簡介】 care for elderly parents. In a paper being presented at the annual conference of the American Sociological Association in San Francisco, she concludes that simply having a sister makes men statistically likely provide less care. Using data from the University of Michigan Health and Retirement Study, a study which has been tracking a crosssection of over50s for the last decade, she calculated that women provide an average of hours a month of care for elderly parents while men offer only hours. ―Whereas the amount of elderly parent care daughters provide is associated with limitations they face, such as employment or childcare, sons’ caregiving is associated only with the presence or absence of other helpers, such as sisters or a parent’s spouse(配偶 ),‖ she explained. ―Sons reduce their relative caregiving efforts when they have a sister, while daughters increase theirs when they have a brother.‖ ―This suggests that sons pass on parent caregiving responsibilities to their sisters.‖ In the UK, the 2021 census(人口普查 ) showed that there are now around million people with caring responsibilities – a figure which has risen by a tenth in a decade. But many are doing so at the risk of their own health. The census showed that those who provide 50 hours or more of care a week while trying to hold down a full time job are three times more likely to be struggling with ill health than their working counterparts(相對應的人 ) who are not carers. ’s the most important factor to predict if people will actively care for the elderly? A. Gender. B. Education. C. Career. D. Family works. US study finds that _______. A. sons are twice as likely as daughters to care for parents in old age B. having a sister makes men less likely to do their fair share C. sons and daughters seem to give equal care to their parents D. sons are unwilling to leave caregiving responsibilities to female family members does the author stress in the last paragraph? A. People should give up their jobs to care for the elderly. B. Many care providers work longer hours than others. C. People shouldn’t pass on caring responsibilities to others. D. Many care providers have potential health problems. author develops the text by _______. A. explaining social works of careers B. describing people’s experiences C. analyzing various research and data D. paring different gender behavior 第二節(jié)（共 5 小題；每小題 2 分，共 1 0 分） 根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。 Nature39。s cheats Mary is digging in the ground for a potato， when along es John． Seeing that there is no one in sight, John starts to scream． John39。s angry mother rushes over and drives Mary away． Once his mum has gone， John helps himself to Mary39。s potato． We39。ve a ll experienced similar annoying tricks when we were youngthe brother who stole your ball and then got you into trouble by telling your parents you had hit him． But Mary and John are not humans． They39。re African baboons（狒狒）． 16 John39。s scream and his mother39。s attack on Mary could have been a matter of chance, but John was later seen playing the same tricks on others． 17 Studying behavior like this is plicated, but scientists discovered apes（猿）clearly showed that they intended to cheat and knew when they themselves had been cheated． 18 An ape was annoying him, so he tricked her into going away by pretending he had seen something interesting． When she found nothing, she walked back, hit me over the head with her hand and ignored me for the rest of the day． Another way to decide whether an animal39。s behavior is deliberate is to look for actions that are not normal for that animal． A zoo worker describes how an ape dealt with an enemy． He slowly stole up behind the other ape, walking on tiptoe． When he got close to his enemy, he pushed him violently in the back, then ran indoors． Wild apes do not normally walk on tiptoe． 19 But looking at the many cases of deliberate trickery in apes, it is impossible to explain them all as simple copying． It seems that trickery does play an important part in ape societies． 20 Studying the intelligence of our closest relative could be the way to understand the development of human intelligence． A． In most cases the animal probably doesn39。t know it is cheating． B． An amusing example of this es from a psychologist working in Tanzania． C． And playing tricks is as much a part of monkey behavior as it is of human behavior． D． So the psychologists asked his colleagues if they had noticed this kind of trickery． E． The ability of animals to cheat may be a better measure of their intelligence than their use of tools． F． This use of a third individual to achieve a goal is only one of the many tricks monly