【文章內容簡介】 I didn39。t hear anyone say anything about it. ② They make the students do too much homework every day. 這種句式在變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時， to不能省略，如第 ② 句： The students are made to do too much homework every day. (4)help, know后面的 to可有可無。如： Would you please help me (to) fill in the tax form? I39。ve never known her (to) be late before. 但： He was known to have been to France before. (5)部分短語動詞后，常接不定式作賓補，如： You may depend on them to be there early. The Party calls on us to increase production and practise economy. 常這樣用的短語動詞有： ask for, care for, call on, count on, depend on, wait for, long for（渴望）， prepare for, wish for等。 2. 作主語補足語 不定式作主語補足語，和主語構成一種 邏輯上的主謂關系。如： ①He was not allowed to enter the classroom for being late. ②The young university student is considered to have great promise. 六、不定式作狀語 1. 作目的狀語 (1)① I stayed there to see what would happen. ② Henry has decided to go to the hospital to be examined by the doctor. (2)有時為了強調，不定式前可加 in order或 so as。如： Bob took down my telephone number so as(in order)not to fet it. 有時為強調目的狀語可把 in order to或不定式置于句首，但 so as to不能這樣用。在這種句式中不定式部 分可轉換為 so that, in order that,成為目的狀 語從句，如： I stayed there so that (in order that)I could see what would happen. (3)在部分表示感情色彩的形容詞、過去分詞或動詞之后可接不定式， 如：astonished, glad, happy, laugh, pleased, sad, smile, sorry, surprised 等。 ① We are glad to hear the news. ② I was surprised to see that a threeyearold baby could write so well. 在部分形容詞后接不定式，用主動形式表示被動意義，這種句型中的主語是不定式的邏輯賓語。如： The question raised by the student is difficult to answer. The room is really fortable to live in. 常這樣用的形容詞有： fortable, easy, dangerous, difficult, expensive, fit, impossible等。 2. 作結果狀語 We came home after our holiday to find our garden neat and tidy. 不定式作結果狀語還常用在下列句式中。如： ① so?as to。 such?as to I39。m not so stupid(a fool) as to put it in 下來。 I39。m not such a stupid fool as to put it in writing. ② enough?to The speed is high enough for us to catch up with the first liner. ③ only to Jane hurried back only to find her mother dying in the hospital. ④ too?to I39。m too tired to stay up longer. 但在下列結構中， too?to 并非是 “ 太 ?? 而不能 ?? ” 之意。如： ① I39。m only too glad to have passed the 。（ too修飾 glad to have? ，相當 于 very） ② We have too much to （不定式作定語）。 ⒊ 不定式短語還可作獨立成分，用于句首、句中或句末。 如： To tell the truth, the play was a great disappointment tome. 常見的短語有 to be exact（確切地說）， to begin with（首先）， to do him justice（說句對他公道的 話）， to be sure（真的）等等。 七、動詞不定式、動名詞的其它用法 ⒈ 疑問詞＋不定式結構 疑問詞 who, what, which, when, where, whether, how后可接不定式構成不定式短語，在句中作主語、賓語、表語等。如： ① When to leave for London has not been decided yet. ② Mr. Smith didn39。t know whether to leave or stay there. ③ I asked Professor Xu how to learn English well. ④ The question was where to get the medicine needed. 以上例句中疑問詞＋不定式部分，均可轉換 為相應的從句形式。如： ①When we shall leave?③?how I could learn? 經常在這種結構中使用的動詞有： consider, decide, discover, explain, find out, fet, hear, know, learn, observe, understand, wonder 等。 ⒉ 動詞不定式的時態(tài)、語態(tài) (1)時態(tài) ① 一般式：動詞不定式一般式表示的動作發(fā)生在謂語動詞之后，有時表示同時發(fā)生。如： I hope to bee a university student this year.（ to bee發(fā)生在 hope之后） We often hear Dick play the piano in the next room.（ play和 hear同時發(fā)生） ② 完成式：表示的動作發(fā)生在謂語動詞所表示的動作之前。如： I39。m sorry to have kept you waiting. We are too young to have seen the old society. ③ 進行式：表示的動作與謂語動詞同時發(fā)生。如： The teacher happened to be correcting our papers when I came in. They seemed to be discussing something important. (2)語態(tài) 如果動詞不定式的邏輯主語是這個不定式所表示的動作的承受者，不定式一般要用被動語態(tài)形式。如： It39。s a great honour to be invited to Mary39。s birthday party.（不定式作主語） It was impossible for lost time to be made up.（不定式作主語） I wish to be sent to work in the country.（不定式作賓語） Can you tell me which is the car to be repaired?（不定式作定語） He went to the hospital to be examined.（不定式作狀語） 在 There be結構中，修飾主語的不定式可用被動，也可用主動。如： There are still many things to take care of (to be taken care of).但有時兩種形式表達的意思不同， 如： These is nothing to do now. ( We have nothing to do now.) There is nothi