【文章內容簡介】 echnologies for the wireless transmission network of RFID, sensors, smart chip and tele in the ”Internet of Things in 2020“ report, an analysis predicted that the future development of the Internet of Things will go through four stages, 2010, RFID is widely used in the field of logistics, retail and pharmaceutical objects interconnect 2010 to 2015, 2015 ~ In 2020, the object into the semiintelligent, intelligent objects into the vanguard of the Internet of Things, RFID has bee the most concerned about the technology data show that the global RFID market size in 2008 from $ billion in 2007 rose to $ billion, this figure covers all aspects of the RFID market, including tags, readers and other infrastructure, software and card and cardrelated infrastructure will account for percent of the market, reaching $ from financial and security industries will drive the market growth of RFID International forecasts, the Chinese RFID market size in 2009 will reach billion, a CAGR of 33%, in which the electronic tag is more than billion Yuan, the reader close to 700 million yuan, software and services market to reach 500 million Yuan is the abbreviation of the microelectromechanical systems, MEMS technology is built on the basis of micro / nano, the market prospect is main advantage of the MEMS sensor is the small size, largescale mass production cost reduction, mainly used in two major areas of automotive and consumer ICInsight the latest report is expected in 20072012, global sales of semiconductor sensors and actuators based on MEMS will reach 19 percent pound annual growth rate(CAGR), pared with $ billion in 2007 to five years will achieve $ billion in annual ．Principle Internet of Things is on the basis of the puter Internet, RFID, wireless data munications technology, to construct a cover everything in the world39。s ”Internetof Things“.In this network, the goods(products)to each other ”exchange“, without the need for human essence is the use of radio frequency identification(RFID)technology to achieve the interconnection and sharing of the automatic identification of goods(products)and information through the puter Internet of Things is a very important technology is radio frequency identification(RFID) is radio frequency identification(Radio Frequency Identification)technology abbreviation, is an automatic identification technology in the 1990s began to rise, the more advanced a noncontact identification development of RFID technology based on a simple RFID system, bined with existing network technology, database technology, middleware technology, to build a one posed by a large number of networked readers and numerous mobile label, much larger than the Internet of Things , it is able to let items ”speak“ a the ”Internet of Things“ concept, RFID tags are stored in the specification and interoperability information collected automatically by wireless data munications network to a central information system, to achieve the identification of goods(products), and then through the open puter network for information exchange and sharing, items ”transparent“ information technology revolution in the Internet of Things is referred to as IT mobile Pan of a specific of Things through IntelliSense, identification technology and pervasive puting, ubiquitous network convergence applications, breaking the conventional thinking before, human beings can achieve ubiquitous puting and network traditional thinking has been the separation of physical infrastructure and IT infrastructure: on the one hand, airports, roads, buildings, while on the other hand, the data center, PC, the era of the ”Internet of Things“, reinforced concrete, cable with the chip, broadband integration into a unified infrastructure, in this sense, the infrastructure is more like a new site of the Earth, the world really works it, which including economic management, production operation, social and even personal life.”Internet of Things“ makes it much more refined and dynamic management of production and life, to manage the future of the city to achieve the status of ”wisdom to improve resource utilization and productivity levels, and improve the relationship between man and ：物聯(lián)網物聯(lián)網的英文名稱為Internet of Things，簡稱：IOT。物聯(lián)網通過傳感器、射頻識別技術、全球定位系統(tǒng)等技術，實時采集任何需要監(jiān)控、連接、互動的物體或過程，采集其聲、光、熱、電、力學、化學、生物、位置等各種需要的信息，通過各類可能的網絡接入，實現(xiàn)物與物、物與人的泛在鏈接，實現(xiàn)對物品和過程的智能化感知、識別和管理。物聯(lián)網是通過智能感知、識別技術與普適計算、泛在網絡的融合應用，被稱為繼計算機、互聯(lián)網之后世界信息產業(yè)發(fā)展的第三次浪潮。與其說物聯(lián)網是網絡，不如說物聯(lián)網是業(yè)務和應用，物聯(lián)網也被視為互聯(lián)網的應用拓展。因此應用創(chuàng)新是物聯(lián)網發(fā)展的核心，以用戶體驗為核心的創(chuàng)新是物聯(lián)網發(fā)展的靈魂。2.“物”的涵義這里的“物”要滿足以下條件才能夠被納入“物聯(lián)網”的范圍： 1．要有相應信息的接收器； 2．要有數(shù)據(jù)傳輸通路； 3．要有一定的存儲功能； 4．要有CPU； 5．要有操作系統(tǒng)； 6．要有專門的應用程序； 7．要有數(shù)據(jù)發(fā)送器； 8．遵循物聯(lián)網的通信協(xié)議；9．在世界網絡中有可被識別的唯一編號。3.“中國式”定義物聯(lián)網(Internet of Things)指的是將無處不在（Ubiquitous）的末端設備（Devices）和設施（Facilities），包括具備“內在智能”的傳感器、移動終端、工業(yè)系統(tǒng)、樓控系統(tǒng)、家庭智能設施、視頻監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)等、和“外在使能”(Enabled)的，如貼上RFID的各種資產（Assets）、攜帶無線終端的個人與車輛等等“智能化物件或動物”或“智能塵?！保∕ote），通過各種無線和/或有線的長距離和/或短距離通訊網絡實現(xiàn)互聯(lián)互通（M2M)、應用大集成（Grand Integration)、以及基于云計算的SaaS營運等模式，在內網（Intranet）、專網（Extranet）、和/或互聯(lián)網（Internet）環(huán)境下，采用適當?shù)男畔踩Ｕ蠙C制，提供安全可控乃至個性化的實時在線監(jiān)測、定位追溯、報警聯(lián)動、調度指揮、預案管理、遠程控制、安全防范、遠程維保、在線升級、統(tǒng)計報表、決策支持、領導桌面（集中展示的Cockpit Dashboard)等管理和服務功能，實現(xiàn)對“萬物”的“高效、節(jié)能、安全、環(huán)?！钡摹肮堋⒖?、營”一體化。2009年9月，在北京舉辦的物聯(lián)網與企業(yè)環(huán)境中歐研討會上，歐盟委員會信息和社會媒體司RFID部門負責人Lorent Ferderix博士給出了歐盟對物聯(lián)網的定義：物聯(lián)網是一個動態(tài)的全球網絡基礎設施，它具有基于標準和互操作通信協(xié)議的自組織能力，其中物理的和虛擬的“物”具有身份標識、物理屬性、虛擬的特性和智能的接口，并與信息網絡無縫整合。物聯(lián)網將與媒體互聯(lián)網、服務互聯(lián)網和企業(yè)互聯(lián)網一道，構成未來互聯(lián)網。物聯(lián)網(Internet of Things)這個詞，國內外普遍公認的是MIT AutoID中心Ashton教授1999年在研究RFID時最早提出來的。在2005年國際電信聯(lián)盟（ITU）發(fā)布的同名報告中，物聯(lián)網的定義和范圍已經發(fā)生了變化，覆蓋范圍有了較大的拓展，不再只是指基于RFID技術的物聯(lián)網。自2009年8月溫家寶總理提出“感知中國”以來,物聯(lián)網被正式列為國家五大新興戰(zhàn)略性產業(yè)之一，寫入“政府工作報告”，物聯(lián)網在中國受到了全社會極大的關注，其受關注程度是在美國、歐盟、以及其他各國不可比擬的。物聯(lián)網的概念與其說是一個外來概念，不如說它已經是一個“中國制造”的概念，他的覆蓋范圍與時俱進，已經超越了1999年Ashton教授和2005年ITU報告所指的范圍，物聯(lián)網已被貼上“中國式”標簽。物聯(lián)網的概念是在1999年提出的。當時基于互聯(lián)網、RFID技術、EPC標準，在計算機互聯(lián)網的基礎上，利用射頻識別技術、無線數(shù)據(jù)通信技術等，構造了一個實現(xiàn)全球物品信息實時共享的實物互聯(lián)網“Internet of things”（簡稱物聯(lián)網），這也是在2003年掀起第一輪華夏物聯(lián)網熱潮的基礎。傳感網是基于感知技術建立起來的網絡。中科院早在1999年就啟動了傳感網的研究，并已取得了一些科研成果，建立了一些適用的傳感網。1999年，在美國召開的移動計算和網絡國際會議提出了，“傳感網是下一個世紀人類面臨的又一個發(fā)展機遇