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3. They preferred to make assumptions about the world based on the experience of others. 譯文: 1)make assumptions 2) vt. 假定,假設(shè) eg: Let us assume for a moment that the plan succeeds. 咱們暫時(shí)假設(shè)計(jì)劃成功。 4. …… , were often punished by the church with no one ing to their defence. 1) e to one’s defence 拓展: defence n.— vt. defend sb. against/from … 保護(hù)某人不受 in defence of 保衛(wèi),為 ……辯護(hù) :We should stand up (來(lái)維護(hù)自己的權(quán)力) . The lawyer came to the court (為嫌疑犯辯護(hù) ). Para 3 1. It is not surprising that people wanted to believe these ancient views as they had been put forward by the great philosopher Aristotle (384~322BC). 譯文: 1) 此句真正的主語(yǔ)是 2) put forward → 回顧與 put 相關(guān)的短語(yǔ) 2. At first, people approved of his studies and urged him to continue, but later when he proved Aristotle wrong, they grew angry and put him in prison. 譯文: