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。 【 歸納拓展 】 cut in 插嘴 , 打斷 cut off 切斷 , 阻斷 , 隔絕 cut out 剪除 , 切掉 , 刪除 cut up 切碎 ④ She always cuts in when other people are talking. 別人談話時(shí)她總要插嘴 。 ⑤ The motor was cut off as soon as something seemed to be wrong with it. 一旦發(fā)現(xiàn)發(fā)動機(jī)似乎有點(diǎn)毛病 , 就立即把它關(guān)掉 。 ⑥ She cut out the photograph from the newspaper. 她從報(bào)紙上把照片剪了下來 。 ⑦ The cook was cutting up the meat for making jiaozi. 廚師正在切肉包餃子 。 【 即學(xué)活用 】 根據(jù)句意用合適的副詞或介詞填空 。 ① 他把樹砍倒 , 又把它劈成燒火用的木柴 。 He cut _____ the tree and cut it ___ for firewood. ② 村莊被大雪阻隔 。 The village was cut ___ by the heavy snow. ③ 我們正在看電視 , 播音員打斷了節(jié)目 , 插播了一條最新消 息 。 While we were watching TV, an announcer cut___ to tell us a piece of latest news. ④ 醫(yī)生建議他少喝酒 。 The doctor advised him to cut _____ on drinking. down up off in down ⑤ ( 2020陜西高考 ) My uncle hasn’t been able to quit smoking, but at least he has______. A. cut out B. cut down C. cut up D. cut off 【 解析 】 選 B。 考查動詞短語辨析 。 句意:我叔叔一直沒能把煙戒掉 , 但是至少他抽煙少了 。 cut out停止運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn) , 刪去; cut down砍倒 , 縮減; cut up切碎; cut off切斷 , 切除 。 根據(jù)句意 , 應(yīng)選 B。 5. be caught in 突然遭遇 (風(fēng)暴等 );被困于 【 語境領(lǐng)悟 】 ① He was caught in a heavy traffic after work. 下班后他遇到了嚴(yán)重的交通堵塞 。 ② I was caught in a heavy rain on the way to work. 在去上班的路上 , 我遇到了大雨 。 【 歸納拓展 】 be/get caught up in 熱衷于 ?? , 著迷于 ?? ;牽連 , 卷入 catch sb. doing sth. 發(fā)現(xiàn) /撞見某人正做某事 be caught doing sth. 被撞見做某事 ③ I caught the boy stealing fruit from our orchard. 我撞見那個(gè)男孩在偷我們果園里的水果 。 【 即學(xué)活用 】 ______in a heavy snow, he didn’t get there in time. A. Catch B. Catching C. Caught D. To catch 【 解析 】 選 C。 句意:由于遭遇大雪 , 他沒有及時(shí)到達(dá)那里 。主語 he和 catch之間是動賓關(guān)系 , 故此處用過去分詞短語作狀語 。 6. prevent sb. / sth. (from) doing sth. 阻止 ?? 做某事 【 語境領(lǐng)悟 】 ① He said this would prevent panies from creating new jobs. 他說這將阻止各公司創(chuàng)造新的職位 。 ② Something must have prevented her (from) ing. 一定有什么事使她不能來 。 【 歸納拓展 】 stop sb. (from) doing sth. keep sb. from doing sth. ③ They try to keep their children from swimming. 他們試圖阻止孩子們?nèi)ビ斡?。 阻止某人做某事 【 名師點(diǎn)津 】 主動句中 prevent/stop. . . from. . . 中的 from 可省略,在被動句中 from 不可省略,而 keep. . . from中的 from無論在主動句還是被動句中都不能省略。 ④ The heavy rain prevented/stopped us (from) going out. = We were prevented/stopped/kept from going out by the heavy rain. 大雨使我們不能出去 。 【 即學(xué)活用 】 We were ______ by heavy fog from seeing anything. A. rescued B. protected C. prevented D. escaped 【 解析 】 選 C。 考查動詞辨析 。 句意:濃霧使我們看不到任何東西 。 四個(gè)選項(xiàng)都可與 from連用 。 rescue. . . from. . . 意為 “ 把 ?? 從 ?? 解救出來 ” ; protect. . . from. . . 意為 “ 保護(hù) ?? 免受 ?? ” ; prevent. . . from. . . 意為 “ 阻止 ?? 做某事 ” ; escape from意為 “ 逃離;逃脫 ” , 不用于被動語態(tài) 。根據(jù)句意選 C。 7. Sandstorms in China appear to have increased in recent years as a result of “desertification” . 近些年來沙漠化導(dǎo)致的沙塵暴在中國似乎有所增加 。 【 句式分析 】 本句中 appear to have done為不定式的完成式 , 表示一個(gè)更早的動作 , 發(fā)生在主要動詞所表示的動作之前 。 其中 appear意為 “ 似乎 , 好像 ” 。 ① From her look, she appears to have known the truth. 從她的表情看 , 她好像已經(jīng)知道了真相 。 【 歸納拓展 】 appear用作系動詞 , 意為 “ 似乎 , 顯得 , 好像 ” , 常見用法: appear + n. /adj. appear to do/to be doing/to have done 似乎要做 /正在做 /已經(jīng)做過某事 it appears (to sb. ) that. . . 某人覺得 ?? there appears to be 似乎有 ?? ② These stars appear to move around the North Star. 這些星星似乎環(huán)繞著北極星轉(zhuǎn) 。 ③ It appears to me that you are all mistaken. 我覺得你們?nèi)e了 。 【 即學(xué)活用 】 完成句子。 ① 他顯得很老 。 He appears _______. ② 他似乎感冒了 。 He appears to ________________. ③ 我覺得有點(diǎn)不對 。 __________________something is wrong. very old have caught a cold It appears to me that 8. The storms sometimes continue all day and traffic moves very slowly because the thick dust makes it difficult to see. 沙塵暴有時(shí)會持續(xù)一整天 , 并且由于濃濃的塵埃使能見度變低 , 使得交通變得非常緩慢 。 【 句式分析 】 句中 makes it difficult to see中的 make是使役動詞 , 意為 “ 使( 某人或某物處于某狀態(tài)中 ) ” , 其中 it為形式賓語 ,difficult為賓語補(bǔ)足語 , 不定式短語 to see為真正的賓語 , 其結(jié)構(gòu)為: make it + adj. / n. (for sb. ) to do. . . 。 ① The heavy snow made it impossible for them to get there on time. 這場大雪使得他們不可能按時(shí)到達(dá)那兒 。 ② He makes it a rule to recite a poem every morning. 他把每天早晨背誦一首詩作為一個(gè)習(xí)慣 。 【 歸納拓展 】 it作形式賓語的情況還用在下面句式中: feel/ think/ believe/ find/ consider+ it+ adj. /n. + (for sb. ) to do / that. . . ③ I don’t think it possible to master a foreign language without a good memory. 我認(rèn)為沒有好的記憶力 , 掌握一門外語是不可能的 。 【 即學(xué)活用 】 The fact that she was foreign made ______difficult for her to get a job in that country. A. so B. much C. that D. it 【 解析 】 選 D。 考查 it的用法 。 句意:她是外國人的事實(shí)使得她在那個(gè)國家很難找到工作 。 句中 for her to get a job in that country是動詞不定式的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)作 made的賓語 , difficult是