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crooge who never laughs or smiles. ◆句中 named Scrooge…屬于過去分詞短語作后置定語 ,修飾說明 an old man。 This is the novel written by Lu 說。 ◆ who引導(dǎo)的是定語從句 ,修飾先行詞 an old man,who在定語從句中作主語 ,不可以省略。 The girl who is standing under the tree is 在樹底下的那個女孩是瑪麗。 warns Scrooge to change his ways if he doesn’t want to end up like him. ◆ warn 。提醒。 warn+ n./ 。提醒 ……。 warn sb.(not) to do (不 )做某事 。warn /通知某人某事 。warn doing /告誡某人不要做某事 。warn 、警告某人注意某事。 We warned the children not to walk on the thin 誡孩子們不要在薄冰上行走。 ◆ end up表示“最后處于 ,最終成為” ,相當(dāng)于 finish,up后接 ing形式或介詞 (短語 )。 They ended up quarreling at 。 also tells Scrooge to expect three spirits to visit him. ◆ tell do “告訴某人做某事” ,其否定結(jié)構(gòu)為 tell to do “告訴某人不要做某事”。 Our teachers often tell us to study 師經(jīng)常告訴我們要努力學(xué)習(xí)。 ◆ expect do “希望某人做某事”。 She expected to be a good 名好教師。 decides to change his life and promises to be a better person. ◆ decide to do ,否定形式 decide not to do sth.。 He decided not to go 。 ◆ promise表示“允諾 。答應(yīng)”。 promise to do 做某事 。promise promise 某人 。promise do /答應(yīng)某人做某事。 She promised to do the translation for 你做翻譯。 He promised me to be here at six o’將在六點來這里。 Your Englishspeaking pen pal