【文章內(nèi)容簡介】 unded conductor while they are in contact with the ground, they bee part of the circuit and current will pass through their body. 若人們在觸地時去接觸未接地的導體，由于他們自己已成為電路的一個組成部分，電流就會流經(jīng)他們的身體。引起觸電。 In addition to the shock hazard, electricity poses other hazards to personnel: 除觸電外，電對人體還有其它的危險： wArcing arcing occurs when electricity jumps from one point to another after overing the insulating capacity of the surrounding air. This condition can cause burn injuries, and/or start fires. w電?。娫诳朔酥車諝獾慕^緣電容后從一點跳到另一點就產(chǎn)生了電弧。這種情況能引起燒傷，和 /或引起火災。 wFragmentation extremely high energy arcs can damage equipment and cause flying metal and other material projectiles. w破碎－能量極高的電弧能損壞設備，引起金屬和其它材料四處飛射。 9 wFlammable atmosphere explosions sparking and arcing of electrical tools and equipment can provide the necessary ignition energy to cause fire and/or explosions in areas that contain, or potentially contain hazardous atmospheres. w可燃氣體爆炸－ 電氣工具和設備發(fā)出的火花和電弧能提供起火和或爆炸所需的點火能量，當所在地區(qū)周圍的空氣中含有或潛在性地含有危險氣體的話。 Electrical hazards can be found in electrically driven motors, electrical control equipment in motor control centers, electrical power generation and distribution equipment and installations, and overhead power lines. 電的危險還存在于電驅動的馬達、動力控制中心的電控設備、發(fā)電和輸配電設備和設施、以及架空的電源線等 。 Voltages range from 220 to 220， 000 volts. 電壓范圍在 220到 220， 000伏 。 10 NATURE OF ELECTRICAL ACCIDENTS 電氣事故的性質 Electrical accidents are usually related to one or more of three possible factors: 電氣事故通常與以下可能的三種因素中的一種或幾種有關： Work involving unsafe equipment and/or installations. w工作所用的設備和 /或設施不安全。 Work made unsafe by the environment. w周圍環(huán)境造成工作不安全。（不安全的操作環(huán)境） Unsafe work performance (unsafe acts). w工作進行不安全（不安全的操作）。 OSHA has estimated from studies it performed that approximately threefourths of electrical related accidents were caused by unsafe work practices. 職業(yè)安全與衛(wèi)生條例管理局從所進行的研究中估算出大約有 四分之三 的電氣事故是因操作不安全引起的。 11 Inadequate maintenance can result in equipment or installations which were originally considered safe to deteriorate to the point that they pose an unsafe condition. Normally unsafe electric equipment and/or installations can be identified by the presence of worn or cracked insulation, loose connections, or unguarded live parts. 疏于保養(yǎng)會使原來安全的設備或設施降到出現(xiàn)不安全的狀態(tài)。通常，電氣設備和 /或設施的不安全可從絕緣的磨損或裂開、連接松動或帶電的部件沒有接地等來識別。 In a number of ways the work environment can also be a contributing factor in electrical accidents. Explosive atmospheres, corrosive atmospheres, wet and/or damp locations are examples of unsafe environments that can impact electrical safety. 工作的周圍環(huán)境也有許多途徑可能成為電氣事故發(fā)生的原因。周圍含可爆氣體、腐蝕性氣體、多雨和 /或潮濕的位置都是影響電氣安全的例子。 12 Unsafe acts can typically be recognized as failure to deenergize electric equipment for maintenance or repairs, intentional use of obviously defective and/or unsafe tools, or the use of tools or equipment too close to energized parts. 典型的不安全操作的例子有：在保養(yǎng)或維修時不斷開電氣設備的電源，有意使用明顯有故障和或不安全的工具，或使用的工具（設備）離帶電部件太近。 13 PROTECTIVE MEASURES 保護措施 SECCO