【文章內(nèi)容簡(jiǎn)介】 to the environmental protection department of the local people39。s government at or above the county level in the place where they are located. Article 16 With regard to water bodies where the standards for water environment quality established by the State still cannot be attained although the discharge of water pollutants has conformed to the discharge standards, the people39。s governments at or above the provincial level may institute a system for control of the total discharge of major pollutants, and a system for making an estimate before deciding on the quantity of major pollutants to be discharged by an enterprise that is charged with the task of reducing its discharge. Specific measures shall be formulated by the State Council. Article 17 The environmental protection department under the State Council may, together with the water conservancy administration department under the State Council and the provincial people39。s government concerned and in light of the utilization functions determined by the State for water bodies of major river basins as well as the economic and technological conditions of the related regions, establish water environment quality standards applicable to water bodies of such major river basins within the provincial boundaries, and such standards shall be put into practice after being reported to and approved by the State Council. Article 18 Water resources protection agencies for major river basins determined as such by the State shall be responsible for monitoring the water environment quality conditions of such river basins within the boundaries of the provinces where they are located and shall, without delay, report the monitoring findings to the environmental protection department under the State Council and the water conservancy administration department under the State Council。 where there are leading bodies for protection of water resources of the river basins that are set up with the approval of the State Council, such findings shall, without delay, be reported to those leading bodies. Article 19 Urban sewage shall be centrally treated. Relevant departments under the State Council and the local people39。s governments at various levels must incorporate protection of urban water sources and prevention and control of urban water pollution in their respective plans for urban construction, construct and improve networks of urban drainage pipelines, construct facilities for central treatment of urban sewage according to plans, and improve allround treatment and control of urban water environment. Facilities for central treatment of urban sewage shall be, according to State regulations, provided for use with pensation, that is, a sewage treatment fee shall be collected so as to ensure normal operation of the facilities. Those who discharge sewage to the central treatment facilities and pay the fees for sewage treatment shall be exempted from the pollutant discharge fee. Sewage treatment fees collected shall be used for the construction and operation of the facilities for central treatment of urban sewage and may not be used for other purposes. Specific measures for collection, control and use of the fees for facilities for central treatment of urban sewage shall be formulated by the State Council. Article 20 The people39。s governments at or above the provincial level may delineate surface sources protection zones for domestic and drinking water according to law. Such protection zones shall be divided into firstgrade protection zones and protection zones of other grades. Certain water areas and landbased areas near the intakes of domestic and drinking surface water sources may be delineated as the firstgrade protection zones. Certain water areas and landbased areas beyond the firstgrade protection zones may be delineated as protection zones of other grades. Protection zones of all grades shall be indicated by clear geographic demarcations. It is forbidden to discharge sewage into water bodies within the firstgrade surface sources protection zones for domestic and drinking water. It is forbidden to travel, swim or carry out other activities within the firstgrade surface sources protection zones for domestic and drinking water that may possibly cause pollution to the water body. It is forbidden to construct or expand within the firstgrade surface sources protection zones for domestic and drinking water, any projects that have noting to do with water supply facilities and protection of water sources. With regard to sewage outlets already built in the firstgrade surface sources protection zones for domestic and drinking water, the people39。s governments at or above the county level shall, pursuant to the limits of power authorized by the State Council, order that they be dismantled or treated within a time limit. The protection of ground sources for domestic and drinking water shall be strengthened. Specific measures for protection of domestic and drinking water sources shall be formulated by the State Council. Article 21 In case of emergency, such as severe pollution of a domestic and drinking water source which threatens the safe supply of water, the environmental protection department shall, with the approval of the people39。s government at the same level, take pulsory emergency measures, including ordering the enterprises or institutions concerned to reduce or stop the discharge of pollutants. Article 22 Enterprises shall employ clean production techniques that facilitate high utilization efficiency of raw and semifinished materials and reduced discharge of pollutants and improve management to decrease water pollutants. The State shall institute a system for eliminating outdated production techniques and equipment which seriously pollute the water environment. The petent department for prehensive economic and trade affairs under the State Council shall, together with the relevant departm