【文章內(nèi)容簡介】 . 獨(dú)立分詞結(jié)構(gòu) : 當(dāng)分詞的邏輯主語不是句子的主語時，分詞前可以帶上它的邏輯主語 獨(dú)立主語 +分詞，主句 知道 怎么做，你就應(yīng)該 盡力 去做。 “知道” 的邏輯主語是 關(guān)系式：主動 Knowing how to do it, you should try your best. 你 獨(dú)立主語 +現(xiàn)在分詞 （表主動） 如果 天氣允許 的話，我們就去散步。 允許 的邏輯主語是 關(guān)系： 主動 Weather, we shall go… permitting 天氣 開完會 后我們都回家了。 The meeting being over, all of us went home. 姑娘兩眼望著他，他不知道說什么好。 The girl staring at him (= As the girl stared at him), he didn39。t know what to say. 獨(dú)立主語 +過去分詞（表被動） 考試結(jié)束了，我們開始放假。 The test finished, we began our holiday. = When the test was finished, we began our holiday. 由于 眼鏡 摔 壞 了，她看不見黑板上的字。 Her glasses broken (= Because her glasses were broken), she couldn39。t see the words on the blackboard. There being +名詞（代詞） 沒有再要討論的事了，我宣布散會。 There being no further business, I declare the meeting closed. 沒有別的事可做，我們就回家了。 There being nothing else to do, we went home. With/without+獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)： 表示原因或伴隨 She left the party, without a word_________(say). The old man often takes a walk after supper with his dog__________ (follow) him. said following 1. 副詞 +speaking :generally speaking 2. 不及物動詞的分詞 +介詞 Judging from, talking of, allowing for (考慮到） +that 從句 Seeing that… considering that…( 既然）Supposing that …( 假如），granting/granted that… （雖然）Allowing that…( 考慮到） 一些獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu) ： 1. Generally _____( speak ), we have learnt a lot in this school. 2. _____(judge ) from his appearance, he is somebody. 3. _____( tell ) you the truth, your work is terrible. 分詞的完成式 ： 1)分詞動作發(fā)生在謂語動作之前 ,且強(qiáng)調(diào)這個動作的一先一后 Having spent all the money on me, he still failed. 表主動： Having done 表被動： having been done 被 拒絕了 10次，他徹底絕望了。Having been rejected ten times, he was pletely desperate. But：分詞和謂語動詞間隔很短 ,用一般式 門鎖上以后，他馬上就回家了。 Locking the door, he went home. 發(fā)現(xiàn)門鎖了，我就回家了。 Finding the door locked, I went home. 一聽到這個笑話，大家爆笑。 Hearing the joke, we burst out laughing. 分詞作狀語在句中的不同意思 分詞作狀語，可在句中表示：時間，原因，條件，讓步，結(jié)果，伴隨 1）表時間，一般用于居首 同時發(fā)生： Riding in the street during the rush hours, you must be careful. =When you are riding in the street… 先發(fā)生 Having watered the garden, he began to mow the lawn. =After he had watered the garden, he… 2）表原因 Not knowing what to do next, I want to as for your advice. =Because I don’t know what to do… 3)表條件 Given more time, I would be able to plete it. =If I were given more time, I would be able to … United, we stand。 divided, we fail. =If we are united, we stand。 if we are divided, we fail. 4. 表讓步 Understanding no Japanese, Charles was able to municate with them. 5. 表結(jié)果 我回到家，發(fā)現(xiàn)門鎖著。 I went home, finding the door locked. 他開槍了，擊斃了其中一名小偷。 He fired, killing one of the thieves. 6. 表伴隨，補(bǔ)充說明 他笑著回答。 He answered, smiling at me. 他揮了揮手，向我告別。 He said goodbye, waving his hands. 帶有連詞或介詞的分詞短語 一旦缺氧，腦部將會死亡。