【文章內(nèi)容簡(jiǎn)介】 normal and natural 13 to experiences of loss, failure, and undeserved bad luck. Indeed, it has been pointed out that without depression, we would 14 much of the world39。s great tragic literature, music, and art.In some cases, however, depression bees something more than just 15 feelings of blues or letdown. A large number of people suffer from what psychiatrists call depressive illness. Depressive illness is more 16 and lasts longer than mon listless feelings. Sometimes a serious 17 of depression can begin with the loss of a loved one or a change of job. Many times, in very 18 cases, there doesn39。t seem to be any circumstance serious enough to have caused the depression.Some psychiatrists suggest that the key feature in depression is change. The person bees different from the way before the onset of his depression. He may even bee the opposite of his usual self. There are many examples: the businessman who bees a wanderer, the mother who wants to 19 her children and herself. Instead of seeking satisfaction and pleasure, the depressed person 20 it.A. everB.escapeC.intenseD.responseE. avoidsF.evenG.expressH.realizationI. severeJ.lessenK.denseL.periodM. harmN.lackO.normalUnit NineA growing world population and the discoveries of science may 11 this pattern of distribution in the future. As men slowly learn to master diseases, control floods, prevent famines, and stop wars, fewer people die every year。 and in 12 the population of the world is 13 increasing. In 1925 there were about 2,000 million people in the world。 by the end of the century there may well be over 4,000 million.When numbers rise the 14 mouths must be fed. New lands must be I bought under cultivation, or land already farmed made to 15 larger crops. In some areas the accessible land is largely so intensively 16 that it will be difficult to make it provide more food. In some areas the population is so dense that the land is parceled out in units too 17 to allow for much improvement in farming methods. Were a larger part of this farming population drawn off into industrial occupations, the land might be farmed much more productively by modern methods.There is now a race for science, technology, and industry to keep the 18 of food rising faster than the number of people to be fed. New strains of crops are being developed which will thrive in 19 climates。 irrigation and dryfarming methods bring poor lands under the plough, dams hold back the waters of great rivers to 20 water for the fields in all seasons and to provide electric power for new industries。 industrial chemistry provides fertilizers to suit particular soils。 aero planes spray crops to destroy insects and many plant diseases.A. ensure B. violently C. alter D. harmful E. cultivated F. unique G. transplanted H. yield I. consequence J. output K. extra L. steadily M. tiny N. unfavorable O. produce Unit TenPassage 2In the United States, it is not 11 to telephone someone very early in the morning. If you telephone him early in the day, while he is shaving or having breakfast, the time of the call shows that the matter is very important and requires immediate attention. The same meaning is attached to telephone calls made after 11: 00 p. m. . If someone receives a call during sleeping hours, he 12 it39。s a matter of life and death. The time chosen for the call 13 its importance.In 14 life, time plays a very important part. In the U. S. A. , guests tend to feel they are not highly regarded if the 15 to a dinner party is extended only three or four days before the party date. But it is not true in all countries. In other areas of the world, it may be considered foolish to make an appointment too far in 16 because plans which are made for a date more than a week away tend to be forgotten. The meaning of time differs in different parts of the world. Thus, misunderstandings 17 between people from cultures that treat time differently.Promptness is valued 18 in American life, for example. If people are not prompt, they may be regarded as impolite or not fully responsible. In the U. S. no one would think of keeping a business 19 waiting for an hour, it would be too impolite. A person who is 5 minutes late is 20 to make a shortapology. If he is less than 5 minutes late, he will say a few words of explanation, though perhaps he will not plete the sentence.A. highlyB.engagementC.customaryD.socialE. informF.invitationG.advanceH.absenceI. heavilyJ.associateK.expectedL.assumesM. habitualN.ariseO.municatesUnit ElevenPassage 2Personality is, to a large extent, inherent—Atype parents, usually bring about Atype children. But the environment must also have a 11 effect, wince if petition is important to the parents it is likely to bee a major 12 in the lives of their children.One place where children soak up A characteristics is school, which is, by its very nature, a highly petitive institution. Too many schools 13 the win at all costs moral standard and measure their success by sporting achievements. The current 14 for making children pete against their classmates or against the clock produces a twolayer system, in which petitive A types seem in some way better than their Btype fellows. Being 15 keen to win can have dangerous consequences: remember that Pheidippides, the first marathon runner, dropped dead seconds after saying。 cheers, we conquer!By far the worst form of petition in schools is the extreme 16 on examinations. It is a rare school that allows pupils to 17 on those things they do well. The merits of petition by examination are somewhat 18 , but petition in the cert