【文章內(nèi)容簡介】 sistance 抗藥性 171) risk assessment 風險評估 172) riskiest pesticide 高毒農(nóng)藥 173) rodenticide 滅鼠劑 174) secretion 分泌 175) segregate 隔離 176) selected insecticides 選擇性殺蟲劑 177) semiochemicals 化學信息素 178) sodium 鈉 179) solvent 溶解的，180) 溶劑 181) stochastic 隨機的 182) sublethal concentrations 亞致死濃度 183) sublethal dose 亞致死中量 184) sustainable agriculture 可持續(xù)農(nóng)業(yè) 185) synthase 合酶 186) target organism 靶標187) 生物 188) terpenoid 萜類化合物 189) tetrachloride 四氯化物 190) virulence 毒力191) virus 病毒昆蟲學詞匯A Abdomen. The hindmost of the three main body divisions of an insect. Acaricide. A chemical employed to kill and control mites and ticks. Acetyl choline. A substance present in many parts of the body of animals and important to the function of nerves. Acrostichal Bristles. The two rows of hairs or bristles lying one on either side of the midline of the thorax of a true fly. Active Space. The space within which the concentration of a pheromone or other behaviourally active substance is concentrated enough to generate the required response, remembering that like light and sound pheromones bee more dilute the further they radiate out from their source. Aculeate. (Hymenoptera) Those members of the Hymenoptera which possess a sting. Acuminate. Tapering to a long point. Adeagus. The part of the male genitalia which is inserted into the female during copulation and which carries the sperm into the female. Its shape is often important in separating closely related species. Adecticous. Of pupa: referring to the state in which the pupa does not posses movable mandibles, the opposite being Decticous. Aestivation. Summer dormancy, entered into when conditions are unfavourable for active life . it is too hot or too dry. Age Polyethism. The regular changing of roles of colony members as they get older. Air sac. A dilated portion of a trachea Alar Squama. The middle of three flaplike outgrowths at the base of the wing in various flies. Alate. Winged。 having wings. Alitrunk. Name given to the thorax and propodeum of 39。waspwaisted39。 hymenopterans. Allopatric. Two or more forms of a species having essentially separate distributions. Alternating Generations. When two generations are produced within a life cycle each producing individuals of only one sex, either male first and then female or visaversa. Alula. In insects (not birds) the outermost of the three flaplike outgrowths at the base of the wing in various flies: really a part of the wing membrane. Aldrin. (mon name). A synthetic insecticide。 a chlorinated hydrocarbon of not less than 95 per cent 1,2,3,4,10,10hexachloro1,4,4a,5,8,8ahexahydro1,4:5,8dimethanonaphthalene。 moderately toxic to mammals, acute oral LD, for rats 44 mg/kg。 phytotoxicity: none when properly formulated, but some crops are sensitive to solvents in certain formulations. Aliphatic. A term applied to the open chain or fatty series of hydrocarbons. Alkaloids. Substances found in plants, many having powerful pharmacologic action, and characterized by content of nitrogen and the property of bining with acids to form 憇alts39。. Alloparental. When individuals other than the parent assist in the caring for that parents offspring. Altruistic. Selfdestructive. or potentially selfdestructive behaviour performed for the benefit of others. Ambrosia. The fungus cultivated by woodboring beetles of the family Scolytidae Ametabola. The insects which develop without metamorphosis, namely the Protura, Thysanura, and Collembola. Amide. Compound derived from carboxylic acids by replacing the hydroxyl of the COOH by the amino group, NH2. Amine. An organic pound containing nitrogen, derived from ammonia, NH3, by replacing one or more hydrogen atoms by as many hydrocarbon radicals. Amino acid. Organic pounds that contain the amino (NH,) group and the carboxyl (COOH) group. Amino acids are the building stones of proteins. Ammonia. A colorless alkaline gas, NH3, soluble in water. Anal. Pertaining to last abdominal segment which bears the anus. Anal angle. The small apical area enclosed by the inner and outer margins of the hindwing. Anal fold. A fold in the inner margin of the hindwing. Anaplasmosis. Infection with Anaplasma, a genus of Sporozoa that infests red blood cells. Anasa wilt. A wilt disease of cucurbits caused solely by the feeding of the squash bug, no parasitic microorganism involved. Androconia. (singula = Androconium) In male butterflies, specialised wing scales (often called scent scales) possessing special glands which produce a chemical attractive to females. Anemic. Deficient in blood quantity or quality. Annulate. Formed in ringlike segments or with ringlike markings. Antenna. (pl., antennae). Pair of segmented appendages located on the head and usually sensory in function the 39。feelers39。. Antennation. Touching with the antenna Antenodal Veins. Small crossveins at the front of the dragonfly or damselfly wing, between the wing base and the nodus. Anterior. Concerning or facing the front, towards the head. Antibiosis. An association between two or more organisms that is detrimental to one or more of them. Anticoagulin. A substance antagonistic to the coagulation of blood. Anus. The posterior opening of the digestive tract. Anal veins. The hindmost, or most posterior longitudinal wing veins. Aorta. The anterior, nonchambered, narrow part of the insect heart which opens into the head. Apex. The point where the costal vein and the outer margin of the forewing meet. Apiary. A place where bees are kept, normally a group of hives. Apical. At or concerning the tip or furthest part of any organ: apical cells, for example are at the wingtip. Apical area Of the forewing, the area just inside of and contiguous with the apex. Appendage. Any limb or other organ, such as an antenna, which is attached to the body by a joint Appendix. In insects, a short vein, especially a short continuation after the main vein has changed direction. Apterous. Without wings. Apterygote. Any member of the Apterygota primitively wingless insects (. insects which have never developed wings during their evolutionary history) in modern classifications this includes the Thysanura but not Collembola Diplura and Protura which are no longer considered insects, but are termed Hexapods instead . Aquatic. Living in water. Arachnida. A class of arthr