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訪了朋友詹尼佛 。 ” ) 五 、 倒裝句 1. 全部倒裝 下列情況下 , 句子要使用全部倒裝 (1)表示方位的副詞 (如 up, down, out, in, away, round, here, there) 放在句首 , 句子的謂語動詞是表示運動的不及物動物 (如 go, e, run, rush, fly), 主語是名詞 (注:不能是代詞 )。 Here es the train to Beijing. 但主語如果是人稱代詞 , 則句子不用倒裝 , 主語仍置于動詞之前 。 The door opened and in she came. 【 注 】 在全部倒裝句中 , 謂語動詞通常用一般現(xiàn)在時或一般過去 時 , 不能用進行時 、 將來時或完成時態(tài) 。 (2)表示時間的副詞 now, then放在句首 , 句子的謂語動詞是 e, 主 語是名詞 (注:不能是代詞 )。 Now es your turn. (3)介詞短語放在句首作狀語 , 句子的謂語動詞是不及物動詞 (如 lie, stand, sit, exist, stretch, e)或系動詞 be, 主語是名詞 (注:不能 是代詞 )。 After the banquet came a firework display in the garden. (4)代詞 such放在句首 , 句子的謂語動詞是 be。 Such are the facts; no one can deny them. (5)分詞短語放在句首 , 句子的謂語動詞是 be, 主語是名詞 。 Lying on the floor was a boy aged about 17. 2. 部分倒裝 下列情況下 , 句子要使用部分倒裝: (1)“ only+副詞 、 介詞短語或從句 ” 放在句首時 。 Only when the war was over in 1918 was he able to get happily back to work. (2)含有否定意義的副詞 (如 never, seldom, little, nowhere, hardly等 )放 在句首時 。 Never in history has technology made such rapid progress. (3)“ not a+ n.”“ not a single+ n.”“ not once” 或 “ not until...” 等短語 放在句首時 。 Not a word did he say at the last meeting. (4)表示否定意義的介詞短語 (如 at no time, on no account, under no circumstances, by no means, in no way等 )放在句首時 。 Under no circumstances could I agree to such a principle. (5)在 hardly...when..., no sooner...than..., not only...but also...引導兩 個分句時,如把 hardly, no sooner或 not only放在句首,前一個分句 中的主謂要用部分倒裝,后一個分句中則不用倒裝。 Hardly had he begun to speak when his father stopped him. (6)在“ so+助動詞+主語 ” 和 “ neither/nor+助動詞+主語 ” 中。 They love having lots of friends; so do those with disabilities. I don’ t know, nor do I care. (7)在“ so+ adj./adv.+ that...” 句式中,如將 “ so+ adj./adv.” 放在句 首時。 So moved was she that she could not say a word. So loudly did he speak that even the people in the next room could hear him.