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patient Antibiotics ? destroy structures – present in bacteria – not present in host Antibiotics work together with immune system Minimal inhibitory concentration ? lowest level stopping growth ? e. g. zone of inhibition around a disk impregnated with antibiotic ? Antibiotics that inhibit cell wall biosynthesis are bactericidal ? Without cell wall, osmotic pressure causes bacteria to burst Peptidoglycan synthesis Cytoplasm Cell wall undecaprenol sugar amino acid Cell Membrane Cycloserine 1. alanine (ala) analog 2. inhibits conversion of Lala to Dala 3. inhibits formation of DalaDala Cycloserine