【文章內(nèi)容簡(jiǎn)介】 個(gè)較大，則所測(cè)的管子是光電二極管。（1）電路組成該電路由光電三極管、9013三極管（兩個(gè)）、+5V電源。（2）電路工作原理。當(dāng)光電三極管沒(méi)有檢測(cè)到黑線(xiàn)時(shí)，會(huì)輸出一個(gè)低電平信號(hào)，此時(shí)整個(gè)電路的輸出為低電平。當(dāng)光電三極管檢測(cè)到黑線(xiàn)以后，將輸出高電平信號(hào)，然后該信號(hào)經(jīng)過(guò)兩級(jí)放大，再把放大了的信號(hào)傳遞給單片機(jī)。當(dāng)單片機(jī)感受到這一上升沿脈沖信號(hào)時(shí)，便會(huì)產(chǎn)生中斷，從而使單片機(jī)去執(zhí)行中斷程序，最終使小車(chē)完成響應(yīng)的動(dòng)作。圖7 信號(hào)檢測(cè)電路四、系統(tǒng)形成的總電路圖為：圖8 系統(tǒng)總體電路第三章 軟件設(shè)計(jì)（一）程序設(shè)計(jì)根據(jù)本系統(tǒng)的要求，小車(chē)要實(shí)現(xiàn)的功能為前進(jìn)、后退、左轉(zhuǎn)、右轉(zhuǎn)、檢測(cè)出黑線(xiàn)并按要求完成相應(yīng)的動(dòng)作。按照這個(gè)要求，我們編寫(xiě)了下面的程序：?jiǎn)纹瑱C(jī)最小系統(tǒng)的驗(yàn)證程序。為了驗(yàn)證我們所設(shè)計(jì)的單片機(jī)最小系統(tǒng)的正確性，我們編寫(xiě)了簡(jiǎn)單的控制程序，通過(guò)編程器把程序燒寫(xiě)到AT89S52的ROM中，來(lái)調(diào)試我們的軟件和硬件。程序如下： ORG 0030HLOOP: MOV R0,012H MOV R1,012HLOOP1: MOV P1,0feH LCALL DELAY MOV P1,0ffH LCALL DELAY DJNZ R0,LOOP1 MOV P1,0FFH LCALL DELAY1LOOP2: MOV P1,0fdH LCALL DELAY MOV P1,0ffH LCALL DELAY DJNZ R1,LOOP2 MOV P1,0FFH LCALL DELAY1 AJMP LOOP DELAY: MOV R2,080H L1:MOV R3,0FAH L2:DJNZ R3,L2 DJNZ R2,L1 RETDELAY1: MOV R4,0C0H L3:MOV R5,050H L4:MOV R6,050H L5:DJNZ R6,L5 L6:DJNZ R5,L4 DJNZ R4,L3 RET END主程序的設(shè)計(jì)與編寫(xiě)（1）程序流程圖 圖9 主程序流程圖圖10 中斷程序流程圖（2）程序內(nèi)容 ORG 0030HMAIN: MOV P1,0FFH LCALL DELAY1 LCALL DELAY1LOOP1: MOV P1,0FEH 。前行子程序 LCALL DELAY MOV P1,0FFH LCALL DELAY JB ,LOOP1********************************************************INT: MOV P1,0FFH 。中斷程序 停止子程序 LCALL DELAY1 LCALL DELAY1********************************************************TUI: MOV R1,0D0H 。后退子程序TUI1:MOV P1,0FDH LCALL DELAY MOV P1,0FFH LCALL DELAY DJNZ R1,TUI1 JNB ,TUI********************************************************ZUO: MOV R3,20H MOV P1,0FAH 。左轉(zhuǎn)前行子程序 LCALL DELAY MOV P1,0FFH LCALL DELAY DJNZ R3,ZUO AJMP LOOP1********************************************************DELAY: MOV R2,016H 。延時(shí)1 L1:MOV R3,06AH L2:DJNZ R3,L2 DJNZ R2,L1 RETDELAY1: MOV R4,0C0H 。延時(shí)2 L3:MOV R5,050H L4:MOV R6,050H L5:DJNZ R6,L5 L6:DJNZ R5,L4 DJNZ R4,L3 RET******************************************************** END（二）程序調(diào)試由于程序不可能一次成功，所以需要對(duì)程序進(jìn)行調(diào)試，最終使程序?qū)崿F(xiàn)所要求的功能。在編寫(xiě)此程序過(guò)程中，我們?cè)趯?shí)驗(yàn)箱上進(jìn)行了多次實(shí)驗(yàn)，通過(guò)觀(guān)察實(shí)驗(yàn)現(xiàn)象來(lái)確定程序是否達(dá)到了所要求的功能。在這其中，對(duì)延時(shí)程序的調(diào)試很重要，延時(shí)的時(shí)間必須設(shè)置的合理，否則會(huì)觀(guān)察不到實(shí)驗(yàn)現(xiàn)象?？傊ㄟ^(guò)不斷的調(diào)試和修改，程序最終實(shí)現(xiàn)了我們所要求的功能，至此，我們完成了程序的編寫(xiě)。第四章、英語(yǔ)翻譯The electronics electric circuit design While designing an electronics electric circuit system, first have to definitely the design mission of the system, carry on a project choice according to the mission, then each part in the other party case carry on the design of unit, parameter calculation and spare part choose, the end links each part together and draw a matches design to request of integrity of system electric circuit diagram. One. The design mission of the explicit system request Carry on to the design mission of the system concrete analysis, full understanding system of function, index sign, contents and request, with explicit the system should plete of mission. Two. The project choose The work of this one step requests to be the mission which wants the system to plete to assign to some unit electric circuits, and draw a whole machine principle frame diagram that can mean each unit function. The important mission of the project choice is according to control of knowledge and data, aim at the mission that the system put forward, request and condition, the function design of pletion to presume quest in this process, brave innovation, work hard for to attain the design project reasonable, credibility, economy, the function is wellfound, technique the other party case want to continuously carry on a possibility with defective analysis, finally design a plete frame diagram have to the correct reflection should plete of mission with each constitute part of functions, make clear system of basic constitute with correlation. Three. The design of unit electric circuit, parameter calculation and period choose According to index sign and function frame diagram of system, definitely each parts of mission, carry on the design of each unit electric circuit, parameter calculation and spare part choose.1. The unit electric circuit designThe unit electric circuit is the whole machine of one part, only make the each unit electric circuit design raise the whole machine design level so then can. Each unit electric circuit design ago all needed the mission of each unit electric circuit definitely, draft a function index sign of unit electric circuit in detail, with in front and back the relation of class, analyze constitute of electric circuit a concretely designing, the forerunner39。s electric circuit can deliver by mimicry, can also carry on innovation or improvement, but have to promise a function , not only the unit electric circuit want to design reasonable, each unit electric circuit also want to work in coordination, notice each importation signal of part, output the relation of signal and control signal. 2. The parameter pute For promise unit electric circuit attains function index sign to request, nee