【文章內(nèi)容簡(jiǎn)介】 few 很少 類似奇怪的量詞有（many a = many 很多）還有一個(gè)更奇怪的短語： A great deal= very 主干識(shí)別: 三個(gè)并列句： 1）The bination of careers advice and psychological counselling was “a bizarre hybrid of a job”2）one very few people are employed by the NHS to do3) she wishes there were more參考譯文:職業(yè)咨詢和心理咨詢的結(jié)合是“一種奇怪的混合工作”，只有極少數(shù)人受雇于NHS（國家健康醫(yī)療服務(wù)系統(tǒng)）來從事這項(xiàng)工作–但她希望能有更多人能從事這項(xiàng)工作。背景介紹：也就是說有人希望NHS要去關(guān)注醫(yī)生的心理健康。第十一句這些年關(guān)于互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的問題人們有過很多的討論。而互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的發(fā)明者BernersLee列出了這樣一些問題：1）Conspiracy theories trend on social media platforms Conspiracy：陰謀 社交媒體平臺(tái)上陰謀論的盛行2） Fake Twitter and Facebook accounts stoke social tensions Stoke: 引發(fā)，激起，煽動(dòng)假的推特和臉書賬號(hào)引發(fā)社會(huì)緊張局勢(shì)3）External actors interfere in elections Interfere 干擾 外部人士干擾選舉4）Criminals steal personal data 犯罪分子盜竊個(gè)人數(shù)據(jù)今天的句子：These problems have proliferated because of the concentration of power in the hands of a few platforms – including Facebook, Google, and Twitter – which “control which ideas and opinions are seen and shared”.詞匯突破： 擴(kuò)散，猛增，加劇2. concentration 集中主干識(shí)別：These problems have proliferated其他成分：：because of the concentration of power in the hands of a few platforms2. 定語解釋platforms ：including Facebook, Google, and Twitter （也可以認(rèn)為是同位語，所以定語和同位語在語義上沒有差別。）3. which “control which ideas and opinions are seen and shared”第一個(gè)which= platforms 第二個(gè)which 就是which的最初含義：哪些參考譯文：這些問題已經(jīng)加劇和擴(kuò)散了，因?yàn)闄?quán)力集中到了少數(shù)幾個(gè)平臺(tái)手中–包括臉書、谷歌和推特–這些平臺(tái)“控制著哪些想法和觀點(diǎn)被看到和分享”。第十二句德國政府制定一部法律要求社交網(wǎng)絡(luò)公司上去掉其平臺(tái)上的的一些仇恨言論（hate speech），比如種族歧視，納粹主義，恐怖主義。這可以說是西方各國政府中對(duì)于社交網(wǎng)絡(luò)平臺(tái)控制最嚴(yán)厲的措施了。法律的簡(jiǎn)稱叫：NetzDG。其中要求：by requiring sites to remove banned content within 24 hours or face fines of up to $62 。不過德國現(xiàn)在也提出了這項(xiàng)法律的修正案。今天的句子：The proposed changes follow widespread criticism from opponents of the law, including free speech campaigners and the Association of German Journalists, who say the threat of hefty fines is prompting internet firms to err on the side of caution and block more content than is necessary.詞匯突破：1）proposed 提議的2）widespread 廣泛傳播的3）opponents 反對(duì)者4）campaigners 活動(dòng)人士5）hefty fines 巨額罰款6）err on the side of caution （這是一個(gè)短語）寧愿過于謹(jǐn)慎也不要冒險(xiǎn)犯錯(cuò): It39。s always best to err on the side of caution. 寧愿總是過于謹(jǐn)慎也不要冒風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。（這是牛津的解釋，如果牛津能給出解釋的短語就真的是很重要的短語了，出題人案頭肯定有一本牛津。）今天的句子哪怕掌握這個(gè)短語也是很大的收獲，找到這個(gè)句子就是為了這個(gè)短語?？捎龆豢汕蟀?。7）block 屏蔽主干識(shí)別:The proposed changes follow widespread criticism from opponents of the law簡(jiǎn)化一下：A follow B : A緊隨著B；切分成分+獨(dú)立成句：定語一：including free speech campaigners and the Association of German Journalists定語二:who say the threat of hefty fines is prompting internet firms to err on the side of caution and block more content than is necessary.（Who= opponents of the law）Say 后面省略了that，引導(dǎo)一個(gè)賓語從句：其中主語：the threat of hefty fines， 動(dòng)詞搭配是：promote sb to do sth and (to) do sth.參考譯文：修正提議是隨著該法反對(duì)者的廣泛批評(píng)而提出來的，這些反對(duì)者包括言論自由活動(dòng)家和德國記者協(xié)會(huì)。他們表示，巨額罰金的威脅使互聯(lián)網(wǎng)企業(yè)一味求穩(wěn)，屏蔽比所需更多的內(nèi)容。西方的邏輯：不能因?yàn)榭刂瞥鸷扪哉摱鴵p害言論自由。一定要找到一個(gè)平衡點(diǎn)。第十三句關(guān)于than所引導(dǎo)的定語從句：這一個(gè)比較特殊的語言現(xiàn)象，對(duì)于這種句子的解釋在語法界也有很多種說法，我個(gè)人比較傾向于下面這種解釋，因?yàn)檫@對(duì)于我們考試的實(shí)際操作最管用。than作為準(zhǔn)關(guān)系詞（因?yàn)楸旧韙han沒有代詞詞性，但是這里確實(shí)起到代詞的作用，所以稱為“準(zhǔn)”。）出現(xiàn)在more ... than, less ... than, fewer ... than等結(jié)構(gòu)中。這時(shí), than本身能表達(dá)比較意義，通常指代前面的某個(gè)名詞；而且需要在從句中充當(dāng)一定的句子成分?！　?. than在從句中作主語　　Take it easy！ I have more money than is needed.放心，我的錢比所需要的還要多?！　?. than在從句中作賓語　　I have more/fewer books than you (do).我的書比你的多/ 少。（這個(gè)時(shí)候很多語法書會(huì)解釋為比較狀語從句，我個(gè)人覺得，管他叫什么，能切分，能理解就好。）3. than在從句中作be動(dòng)詞的表語He is a better boy than you (are).他是一個(gè)比你更好的男孩。你發(fā)現(xiàn)了吧，你對(duì)2和3都比較容易接受，你對(duì)1多少還是不舒服。為什么？讀少了！所以不習(xí)慣，見多了就好了！You eat more than is necessary.你吃的比必要的要多。（這里的more實(shí)際就是一個(gè)名詞。）The government offers us more aid than is expected by all of us.政府給了比我們所期待的更多的幫助。好了，我們就講到這里。后面遇到我們?cè)賮砝^續(xù)。今天Stephen Hawking 的離開讓世界感到遺憾。他應(yīng)該是好幾代人心中科學(xué)的代名詞。他真的激發(fā)了人們對(duì)于未知世界的好奇和向往。多的緬懷就不說了，今年的考研作文，大家可以用他的例子作為個(gè)人話題，這是更有意義的一種紀(jì)念。今天的句子：For fellow scientists and loved ones, it was Hawking’s intuition and wicked sense of humor that marked him out as much as the broken body and synthetic voice that came to symbolize the unbounded possibilities of the human mind.詞匯突破： scientists 科學(xué)家同行2. loved ones 親人們（愛我們的人）3. intuition 直覺4. mark sb out 使誰出類拔萃/與眾不同5. synthetic voice 合成的聲音6. unbounded possibilities 無限可能7. symbolize 象征主干識(shí)別：it was Hawking’s intuition and wicked sense of humour that marked him out （強(qiáng)調(diào)句）其他成分： fellow scientists and loved ones,狀語2. as much as the broken body and synthetic voice（這個(gè)成分可以說是定語也可以說是同位語，功能是對(duì)intuition and wicked sense of humour的補(bǔ)充說明）作用是重點(diǎn)突出intuition and wicked sense of humour例句:His diligence as much as his luck made his success.(重點(diǎn)突出diligence，當(dāng)然也有l(wèi)uck的因素)3. that came to symbolize the unbounded possibilities of the human mind.That = the broken body and synthetic voic參考譯文：對(duì)于科學(xué)家同行和親人來說，令霍金與眾不同的不僅是他癱瘓的身體和合成的聲音（它們已經(jīng)成了人類心智潛能無限的象征），還有他的直覺和壞壞的幽默感。第十四句As much as的用法比較多，昨天的用法是考研中比較常見的一種。相當(dāng)于As well as:翻譯為：“既……又”“不僅……而且”不僅...還…”。A as much as B說話人或者作者是想強(qiáng)調(diào)A；如：He retorted that it was my fault as much as his.他反駁說那不僅是他的錯(cuò)，而且也是我的錯(cuò)?；颍核瘩g說我的錯(cuò)誤并不比他的錯(cuò)誤小。注意:當(dāng)連接兩個(gè)成分作主語時(shí)，其后謂語動(dòng)詞習(xí)慣上要與前面一個(gè)成分保持一致。如：John, as much as his brothers, was responsible for the loss.不僅約翰的兄弟要對(duì)這損失負(fù)責(zé)，而且約翰自己也要對(duì)這損失負(fù)責(zé)。我個(gè)人覺得沒有必要去深究這樣的詞法，在語境里面其實(shí)真的可以推出其含義。當(dāng)然想了解的as much as的其他用法得同學(xué)，可以點(diǎn)擊第三條圖文信息了解。英國經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展一直是考研的熱點(diǎn)。來看看今天的句子（來自今天的衛(wèi)報(bào)）：第一句：It is not hard to see why growth has slowed.增長放緩的原因顯而易見。第二句：There is no artificial boost from the housing market。 austerity will continue for the rest of this parliament through welfare cuts and curbs on Whitehall departmental spending。 and consumer spending has suffered owing to rising prices caused by the postreferendum fall in the value of the pound.第一個(gè)并列分句：There is no artificial（人為的）boost（推動(dòng)）from the housing market。房地產(chǎn)市場(chǎng)沒有提供人為助力；第二個(gè)并列分句：austerity will continue for the rest of this parliament through welfare cuts and curbs on Whitehall departmental spending切分：（嚴(yán)格節(jié)制消費(fèi)，這里理解為財(cái)政緊縮）will continue for the rest of this parliament（本屆國會(huì)的余下任期內(nèi)持續(xù)） welfare cuts（削減）（獨(dú)立成句）（本來是控制的意思，這里翻譯為削減）on Whitehall（代表英國