【文章內(nèi)容簡介】 SDBA group allows access to the files managed by Automatic Storage Management. It can be same as database osdba group. We will be using group dba in our setup.OSOPER group – Similar to SYSOPER privilege in RDBMS, this is used for limited privileges like starting up and stopping the Oracle ASM instance. We will not be using separate group for it, will be selecting dba in our setup.OSASM group – Members of the OSASM group can use SQL to connect to an Automatic Storage Management instance as SYSASM using operating system authentication. The SYSASM privileges permit mounting and dismounting disk groups, and other storage administration tasks. SYSASM privileges provide no access privileges on an RDBMS instance.oinstall – This is similar to previous releases, and used for Oracle Inventory group,addation,this is for grid and asm Inventory group創(chuàng)建二個(gè)用戶：grid，主要用與安裝grid、ASM，管理ASM實(shí)例,grid用戶主組為dba，屬組為：dba。oracle，主要用與安裝Clusterware，管理db實(shí)例，oracle用戶主組為dba，屬組為：dba。方法如下： mkgroup 39。A39。 id=39。100039。 adms=39。root39。 dba mkuser id=39。100039。 pgrp=39。dba39。 groups=39。dba39。 adms=39。root39。 home=39。/home/grid39。 grid mkuser id=39。110039。 pgrp=39。dba39。 groups=39。dba39。 adms=39。root39。 home=39。/home/oracle39。 oracle！注意保持雙機(jī)用戶與組的ID的一致。 grid用戶在兩臺(tái)主機(jī)上要保證grid用戶具有以下能力：CAP_NUMA_ATTACH, CAP_BYPASS_RAC_VMM, and CAP_PROPAGATE查看grid用戶能力： /usr/bin/lsuser a capabilities grid增加grid用戶能力： /usr/bin/chusercapabilities=CAP_NUMA_ATTACH,CAP_BYPASS_RAC_VMM,CAP_PROPAGATE grid設(shè)置grid用戶密碼：passwd grid在兩臺(tái)主機(jī)上最消grid用戶shell限制可以通過smit chuser去修改 grid用戶限制，或直接修改/etc/security/limits 文件，具體參數(shù)如下：default:fsize = 1core = 2097151cpu = 1data = 1rss = 1stack = 1nofiles = 1 oracle用戶在兩臺(tái)主機(jī)上要保證oracle用戶具有以下能力：CAP_NUMA_ATTACH, CAP_BYPASS_RAC_VMM, and CAP_PROPAGATE查看grid用戶能力： /usr/bin/lsuser a capabilities oracle增加grid用戶能力： /usr/bin/chusercapabilities=CAP_NUMA_ATTACH,CAP_BYPASS_RAC_VMM,CAP_PROPAGATE grid設(shè)置oracle用戶密碼：passwd oracle在兩臺(tái)主機(jī)上最消oracle用戶shell限制可以通過smit chuser去修改 oracle用戶限制，或直接修改/etc/security/limits 文件，具體參數(shù)如下：default:fsize = 1core = 2097151cpu = 1data = 1rss = 1stack = 1nofiles = 1 root用戶在兩臺(tái)主機(jī)上最消root用戶shell限制，因?yàn)镃RS進(jìn)程（crsd）需要以root用戶運(yùn)行?？梢酝ㄟ^smit chuser去修改 root用戶限制，或直接修改/etc/security/limits 文件，具體參數(shù)如下：default:fsize = 1core = 2097151cpu = 1data = 1rss = 1stack = 1nofiles = 1創(chuàng)建兩個(gè)文件系統(tǒng)，分別掛載到/u01/grid、/u01/db目錄下，修改文件系統(tǒng)權(quán)限： chown R grid:dba /u01 chown –R oracle:dba /u01/db chmod R 775 /u01/，增加如下內(nèi)容：umask 022export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/gridexport ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/asmexport ORACLE_SID=+ASM1export NLS_LANG=export NLS_DATE_FORMAT=yyyymmdd hh24:mi:ssexport PATH=.:${PATH}:$HOME/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/binexport PATH=${PATH}:/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/bin/X11:/usr/local/binexport PATH=${PATH}:$ORACLE_BASE/mon/oracle/binexport ORACLE_PATH=${PATH}:$ORACLE_BASE/mon/oracle/sql:.:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/adminexport ORACLE_TERM=xtermexport TNS_ADMIN=$ORACLE_HOME/work/adminexport ORA_NLS10=$ORACLE_HOME/nls/dataexport LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/libexport LD_LIBRARY_PATH=${LD_LIBRARY_PATH}:$ORACLE_HOME/oracm/libexport LD_LIBRARY_PATH=${LD_LIBRARY_PATH}:/lib:/usr/lib:/usr/local/libexport CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JREexport CLASSPATH=${CLASSPATH}:$ORACLE_HOME/jlibexport CLASSPATH=${CLASSPATH}:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlibexport CLASSPATH=${CLASSPATH}:$ORACLE_HOME/work/jlibexport THREADS_FLAG=nativeexport TEMP=/tmpexport TMPDIR=/tmpexport PS1=`hostname`:39。$PWD39。$，增加如下內(nèi)容：umask 022export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/dbexport ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/export ORACLE_SID=tesdb1export ORACLE_UNQNAME=testdbexport NLS_LANG=export NLS_DATE_FORMAT=yyyymmdd hh24:mi:ssexport PATH=.:${PATH}:$HOME/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/binexport PATH=${PATH}:/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/bin/X11:/usr/local/binexport PATH=${PATH}:$ORACLE_BASE/mon/oracle/binexport ORACLE_PATH=${PATH}:$ORACLE_BASE/mon/oracle/sql:.:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/adminexport ORACLE_TERM=xtermexport TNS_ADMIN=$ORACLE_HOME/work/adminexport ORA_NLS10=$ORACLE_HOME/nls/dataexport LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/libexport LD_LIBRARY_PATH=${LD_LIBRARY_PATH}:$ORACLE_HOME/oracm/libexport LD_LIBRARY_PATH=${LD_LIBRARY_PATH}:/lib:/usr/lib:/usr/local/libexport CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JREexport CLASSPATH=${CLASSPATH}:$ORACLE_HOME/jlibexport CLASSPATH=${CLASSPATH}:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlibexport CLASSPATH=${CLASSPATH}:$ORACLE_HOME/work/jlibexport THREADS_FLAG=nativeexport TEMP=/tmpexport TMPDIR=/tmpexport PS1=`hostname`:39。$PWD39。$ 調(diào)試AIX操作系統(tǒng)參數(shù)。推薦的aio_maxreqs值為 64k (65536)，檢查方法如下：AIX ioo –o aio_maxreqsaio_maxreqs = 65536AIX lsattr El aio0 a maxreqsmaxreqs 65536 Maximum number of REQUESTS True 查看當(dāng)前啟動(dòng)了多少異步IO進(jìn)程的方法： ps ek|grep v grep|grep –v posix_aioserver|grep c aioserverOracle推存使用vmo命令去調(diào)優(yōu)虛擬內(nèi)存管理，參數(shù)推薦如下：命令如下:vmo p o minperm%=3vmo p o maxperm%=90vmo p o maxclient%=90vmo p o lru_file_repage=0vmo p o strict_maxclient=1vmo p o strict_maxperm=0You must restart the system for these changes to take effect.Oracle推薦增加ARG/ENV空間分配到128，也就是128個(gè)4K的塊大小，命令如下：/usr/sbin/chdev l sys0 a ncargs=39。12839。 限制1. 在 /etc/security/limits文件中增加如下行:default:fsize = 1core = 2097151cpu = 1data = 1rss = 1stack = 1nofiles = 12. 查看系統(tǒng)當(dāng)前允許運(yùn)行的最大進(jìn)程數(shù):/usr/bin/lsattr E l sys0 a maxuproc修改 maxuproc參數(shù)/usr/sbin/chdev l sys0 a maxuproc = 16384使用smitty chgsys修改“Maximum number of PROCESSES allowed per user”最小2048，建議調(diào)整為4096。如果是特大省份還可以根據(jù)實(shí)際需要再調(diào)整。用 /usr/sbin/no a | more來查看網(wǎng)絡(luò)參數(shù)是否滿足下面的要求Network Tuning Parameter Remended Value ipqmaxlen 512 rfc1323 1 sb_max 2*655360 tcp_recvspace 65536 tcp_sendspace 65536 udp_recvspace 655360 Note: The remended value of this parameter is 10 times the value of the udp_sendspace parameter. The value must be less than the value of the sb_max paramete