【文章內(nèi)容簡(jiǎn)介】 iously) are as follows. the primary reason, I think, is (the reason of harmful substances into environment. For example, to prevent insects, farmers make use of great amounts of insecticides, so as to have bumper harvests . however ,they pollute air ,water and land). Second, (the gas ing from the car engines and factories also make environment polluted badly). The third reason actually is (the result of a growing population in the world. Everyday, so much litter and waste are poured out from houses ,also pollute the environment). The significance for (controlling pollution) noted that it39。s high time that more effective measures should be taken . Therefore, (new laws should be passed to limit the amount of pollutants from factories. Moreover, in the households, there is an obvious need to reduce litter and waste. Let39。s make our good efforts, and the world will be a safer place to live for us). （ I）說(shuō)明原因型 模塊（ 5） These days we often hear that ( 1 ). It is mon that ( 2 ). Why does such circumstance occur in spite of social protects? For one thing ,( 3 ). For another,( 4 ). What is more, since ( 5 ),it is natural that ( 6 ). To solve the problem is not easy at all ,but is worth trying .We should do something such as ( 7 ) to improve he present situation ,and i do believe everything will be better in the future . (1)提出論題 （ 2）說(shuō)明現(xiàn)狀 （ 3）理由一 （ 4）理由二 （ 5）理由三 （ 6）理由三引起的后果 （ 7）解決方法 模塊（ 5）的相應(yīng)的作文 pollution of environment These days we often hear that (our living conditions are getting more and more serious because of the destruction of our environment). It is mon that (many trees and animals are near extinction, and the allimportant food chain has been destroyed.). Why does such circumstance occur in spite of social protects? For one thing, (the population of the world is increasing so rapidly that the world has been so crowded.) For another, (the overuse of natural resources has influenced the balance of natural ecology ). What is more , since (the industrial revolution), it is natural that (a great number of factories have been springing up like mushrooms. The smoke and harmful chemicals released from factories also pollute the environment). To solve the problem is not easy at all ,but is worthying. We should do something such as (planting more trees, equipping cars with pollutioncontrol devices and learning to recycling natural resources) to improve the present situation ,and i do believe everything will be better in the future . CET4 寫作中拓展主題句的有效途徑 大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)考試中的短文寫作部分是考核學(xué)生用英語(yǔ)進(jìn)行書面表達(dá)的能力 ,也就是語(yǔ)言的運(yùn)用能力 , 但不是自由作文 , 而是有控制的作文 ,即對(duì)作文的每一部分內(nèi)容有較明確的要求 ,用各種明確的方式如提綱、圖表、關(guān)鍵詞等加以規(guī)定 .而提綱常用中文給出 ,學(xué)生需自擬主題句 ,因此 ,對(duì)主題句常有以下要求 :(1)意義完整 :主題句必須是一個(gè)意義完整、符合語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)的句子 。(2)表意清晰 :主題句不能包含兩種或兩種以上的意義 ,要易于識(shí)別、確認(rèn) 。(3)避免籠統(tǒng)而抽象的概述 .如 :The book is interesting in content. 比 The book is interesting. 更好些 .(4)不宜采用問(wèn)句的形式 ,像 Is it worthwhile to go after fashion? 不宜作為主題句 .主題句是作者思維的起點(diǎn)、切題的準(zhǔn)繩、闡述的對(duì)象 ,拓展好主題句關(guān)系到文章的成敗 .本文就如何拓展主題句從語(yǔ)言形式上和內(nèi)容上加以闡述 . 一、語(yǔ) 言形式上 1. 平行結(jié)構(gòu)的運(yùn)用 平行結(jié)構(gòu)作為一種使句子變得緊湊而錯(cuò)落有致的寫作方式 ,有以下功效 :句式優(yōu)美、表達(dá)清晰、重點(diǎn)突出 ,使用盡可能少的詞傳達(dá)了盡可能多的信息 .例如 :主題句為 Video games are a kind of entertainment. 利用平行結(jié)構(gòu)拓展為 : They bring pleasures to youngsters, train them to respond quickly, stimulate their imagination in electronics. 不難看出 ,此處內(nèi)容豐富具體、行文流暢 ,有極強(qiáng)的說(shuō)服力 . 2. 句式靈活多變 若文中的簡(jiǎn)單句出現(xiàn)得太多 ,就會(huì)顯得單調(diào)、含混、不生動(dòng) .要寫出生動(dòng)而鮮明的句子 ,可通過(guò)喬姆斯基的轉(zhuǎn)化生成語(yǔ)法中的嵌入方式來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn) .一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句 ,嵌入定語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)、補(bǔ)語(yǔ)后 ,變得生動(dòng)有趣 .如 : Books telling people how to adapt themselves to the society are worth reading. 讀起來(lái)比 Books are worth reading. 更耐人尋味 ,是由于前一個(gè)句子 中的主語(yǔ)前加了一個(gè)復(fù)雜的定語(yǔ) .再如 :Harry stood at the edge of the path, watching the cars running. 這是一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句后附上了伴隨狀語(yǔ) ,使句子更加生動(dòng) . 在拓展主題句時(shí) ,注意適時(shí)地變換句式 ,是一種有效的寫作策略 ,同時(shí)能使文章產(chǎn)生意想不到的文學(xué)效果 . 3. 使用符合英美人表達(dá)習(xí)慣的習(xí)語(yǔ) 能將諸如 attach great importance to, leave a deep impression on, in due course, ge