【文章內(nèi)容簡(jiǎn)介】 推斷，從而補(bǔ)出引導(dǎo)詞，這本身就是考查邏輯思維能力。 1.…The exam, 　　　　was originally to be held in our classroom, was changed to the library at the last minute.(廣州二模)2… Then I went to the department store 　 I worked parttime and bought her an expensive gift box of Sichuan beef. （廣州一模）3. It was a poem about me, ______ included the time …（深二模）4. At the same time, there had been a growing number of overseas students _______came back to China after study. （茂名二模）5. More and more Chinese students go abroad for study, is supported by the Chinese government. （茂名二模）Keys: 1. which 2. where 3. which 4. who 5. which十三、狀語(yǔ)從句 主要考查的知識(shí)點(diǎn)：時(shí)間、目的、條件、原因、地點(diǎn)和讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。重點(diǎn)復(fù)習(xí)：①時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，尤其是 as，since，while，when，before，until等連接詞。②when / where引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句和定語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別。③讓步狀語(yǔ)從句的倒裝。④與非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作狀語(yǔ)的區(qū)別和轉(zhuǎn)化?！纠?1】After the war，a new school building was set up ______ there has once been a theatre.A. that B. where C. what D. who【答案】B 【解析】這是 where引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句，不能將其視為定語(yǔ)從句，因?yàn)闆](méi)有先行詞。十四、名詞性從句主要考查的知識(shí)點(diǎn)：名詞性從句主要考查語(yǔ)序、時(shí)態(tài)和引導(dǎo)詞。重點(diǎn)復(fù)習(xí)：①whether，if和 that的區(qū)別。②that從句和 wh 從句的區(qū)別。③wh 引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句不含疑問(wèn)意義，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)名詞后加定語(yǔ)從句。如：The book is where you left it just now.④連接代詞和連接副詞的選擇?！纠?2】—Excuse me，but can you tell the way to this small town？—It depends on you go. There are several ways of getting there. A. where B. how C. when D. whether【答案】B 【解析】本題主要考查幾個(gè)不同的疑問(wèn)詞引導(dǎo)名詞性從句時(shí)意義上的區(qū)別。乍一看，本題四個(gè)選項(xiàng)都符合空白處的句意。但看完題目的最后一句話中的信息后方可判斷應(yīng)該是“怎樣走”。故答案為 B。十五、 時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)主要考查的知識(shí)點(diǎn)：動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)是每年的必考點(diǎn)，也是歷年高考重點(diǎn)考查的項(xiàng)目，通?？?2～ 3個(gè)小題。重點(diǎn)考查的是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)、一般過(guò)去時(shí)、過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)、將來(lái)完成時(shí)、完成進(jìn)行時(shí)等，多和語(yǔ)態(tài)一起考查；且通常以對(duì)話的形式出現(xiàn)且常出現(xiàn)兩種時(shí)態(tài)混合在一起進(jìn)行比較。時(shí)態(tài)理解不準(zhǔn)確是考生常見(jiàn)的錯(cuò)誤。把握住命題人的意圖是至關(guān)重要的。一般來(lái)說(shuō)，命題人在考查時(shí)態(tài)這個(gè)內(nèi)容時(shí)總是設(shè)置一個(gè)語(yǔ)言情景來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)，所以理解語(yǔ)言情景是關(guān)鍵，同時(shí)要在這個(gè)語(yǔ)言環(huán)境里找到動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間或隱含的時(shí)間關(guān)系，只要理解了情景與動(dòng)作的時(shí)間關(guān)系，對(duì)照選項(xiàng)，就不難把握命題意圖。注意不要斷章取義，同時(shí)還要注意時(shí)態(tài)一致。重點(diǎn)復(fù)習(xí)：①一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和一般過(guò)去時(shí)的區(qū)別。②現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和一般過(guò)去時(shí)的區(qū)別。③一般過(guò)去時(shí)同過(guò)去完成時(shí)的區(qū)別。④一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)以及一般過(guò)去時(shí)同過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)的區(qū)別。⑤“系動(dòng)詞 + 過(guò)去分詞”的用法。如：get paid；remain covered；look lost等形式的用法。⑥進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)及主動(dòng)表被動(dòng)的用法。【例13】—What were you up to when your parents came in？—I _______ for a while and _______ some reading.A. was playing；was going to do B. played；did C. had played；was going to do D. had played；did【答案】C 【解析】play動(dòng)作在 came之前，所以用過(guò)去完成時(shí)態(tài)，而 do some reading的動(dòng)作則即將開(kāi)始?！纠?4】Sarah, hurry up. I’m afraid you wouldn’t have time to before the party.A. get changed B. get change C. get changing D. get to change【答案】A 【解析】本題考查“連系動(dòng)詞 + 過(guò)去分詞”的用法。答案為 A。十六、 非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞和獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)主要考查的知識(shí)點(diǎn)：非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞每年必考，通?？?1～ 3小題，主要考查①v ing、不定式作賓語(yǔ)的區(qū)別。②非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作賓補(bǔ)的區(qū)別。③非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作狀語(yǔ)的區(qū)別。④非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)的區(qū)別。⑤非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)、否定式和復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。（注意：多次模擬試題的語(yǔ)法填空中都有考到非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。）重點(diǎn)復(fù)習(xí)：①識(shí)別非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞在句中的成分，不定式、v ing形式、過(guò)去分詞各自所作的成分是不同的。②識(shí)記哪些動(dòng)詞只能接不定式作賓語(yǔ)，哪些動(dòng)詞只能接動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)，哪些動(dòng)詞接不定式或動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)沒(méi)有太大區(qū)別，哪些動(dòng)詞接不定式和動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)區(qū)別很大，哪些動(dòng)詞接帶 to的不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，哪些動(dòng)詞接不帶 to的不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。(stop,forget,remember,regret..etc.)③have、 get 、make等動(dòng)詞所接的賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)語(yǔ)的選用。④非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作狀語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ)從句的聯(lián)系和區(qū)別。⑤熟悉解題方法。解此類(lèi)題時(shí)，可用“三步曲”：首先要根據(jù)語(yǔ)法知識(shí)弄清句子結(jié)構(gòu)，看選項(xiàng)作何成分，結(jié)合搭配和句式習(xí)慣確定是何種非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式；第二步，根據(jù)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作與句子謂語(yǔ)的動(dòng)作發(fā)生的先后確定用何種非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)；第三步，按照非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與其邏輯主語(yǔ)的關(guān)系確定語(yǔ)態(tài)，如果邏輯主語(yǔ)不是句子的主語(yǔ)，那就可判斷要么是狀語(yǔ)從句，要么是獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)?！纠?5】Mark often attempts to escape whenever he breaks traffic regulations.A. having been fined B. to be finedC. to have been fined D. being fined【答案】D 【解析】escape后須接動(dòng)詞 ing形式，而句子主語(yǔ)為 fine的承受者，故用被動(dòng)式。attempt和 fine之間并無(wú)先后關(guān)系，因此不能用完成時(shí)態(tài)。故答案為 D。十七、 倒裝語(yǔ)序、主謂一致關(guān)系、強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)及其他主要考查的知識(shí)點(diǎn)：從歷屆高考題可以看出，高考并沒(méi)有完全放棄測(cè)試語(yǔ)言形式。語(yǔ)言知識(shí)這類(lèi)的題目，尤其是強(qiáng)調(diào)和倒裝兩部分，在語(yǔ)法填空中有考查到強(qiáng)調(diào)句和it作形式主語(yǔ)＋that引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句的辨析。從試題分析來(lái)看，加大知識(shí)類(lèi)題目的結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜程度和句意理解難度，注重知識(shí)類(lèi)題目的情景化是近幾年高考命題的趨勢(shì)。重點(diǎn)復(fù)習(xí)：①考查知識(shí)之間的相互交叉的現(xiàn)象，加強(qiáng)綜合考查語(yǔ)法知識(shí)的力度應(yīng)該是這一內(nèi)容命題的新趨勢(shì)。②it形式主語(yǔ)和 there be句型的結(jié)合。③強(qiáng)調(diào)句和定語(yǔ)從句的結(jié)合。④情態(tài)動(dòng)詞和反意疑問(wèn)句的結(jié)合。⑤祈使句和反意疑問(wèn)句的結(jié)合。⑥主謂一致和時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)的結(jié)合。⑦獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)、平行結(jié)構(gòu)和從句的結(jié)合?！纠?0】I failed in the final examination last term and only then _______ the importance of studies.A. I realized B. I had realized C. had I realized D. did I realized【答案】D 【解析】這是一道倒裝和時(shí)態(tài)結(jié)合考查的題目。only then位于句首，句子應(yīng)進(jìn)行部分倒裝?！耙庾R(shí)到”的動(dòng)作是指“過(guò)去某時(shí)的動(dòng)作”，而不是指 failed之前的動(dòng)作。所以答案為 D?！纠?1】The teacher，with 6 girls and8 boys of her class，_______ visiting a museum when the earthquake struck.A. Was B. were C. had been D. would be【答案】A 【解析】這是一道時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致交叉考查的試題。with 6 girls and 8 boys of her class補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明 the teacher，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的數(shù)應(yīng)和 the teacher保持一致。因事情發(fā)生在地震的時(shí)候，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)。故答案為 A。十八、 語(yǔ)法填空專練（8篇）語(yǔ)法填空專練一In the small towns of the United States in the 1 (nineteen) century, the general store was 2 everyone bought the things he couldn’t make 3 grow at home. What the stores sold 4 (tell) a great deal about 5 life at that time. People bought tools that they needed for farm work。 salt, sugar and 6 foods that the farm didn’t produce。 articles of clothing that they couldn’t make 7 。 shirts for the men。 or clothes for the children. Life was simple then. One feels that people were 8 (thank) for what they had and that they looked 9 with courage to whatever the future brought. It would be interesting to know how they would feel about the life today. Would it seem to them that life is too plex? Would they enjoy 10 (live) a life as we do now?語(yǔ)法填空專練二Do you feel 1 difficult to be happy all the time? Now I’ll give you some tips 2 how to make yourself happy. One way is being 3 (self) because unselfishness is the key factor 4 (require) if you want to get along well with others. By 5 (say) being unselfish we mean we 6 not want everything our own way or demand the best share of everything. Another way is to look for good points in 7 people. You’ll find most people pleasant to go with and it will surely make you happy. Third, you can not expect to be too perfect, 8 don’t be too unhappy when you make a mistake. Everything will be OK if you try to make things right. Finally, it is important to remember that while you are not 9 (bad) that others, chances you have may not be much better. In this case, 10 surest way to be happy is to think yourself above other people.語(yǔ)法填空專練三We may be very 1 (please) with the rapid progress we have made in every field of study, but we have almost done nothing to improve our present 2 (exam) systems which focus