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英語四種疑問句的用法歸納(編輯修改稿)

2025-05-04 01:10 本頁面
 

【文章內(nèi)容簡介】 er than you, aren’t I? 我年紀(jì)比你大,對不對?2. 當(dāng)陳述部分是I wish…時。反意疑問句通常用may I:Eg: I wish to go with them, may I? 我想同他們一起去,可以嗎?3. 當(dāng)陳述部分為省略句時。反意疑問句的主語通常應(yīng)視省略的情況而定:Eg: A nice girl, isn’t she? 她是個好姑娘,對吧? What a nice day, isn’t it? 天氣真好,是吧?4. 當(dāng)陳述部分有used to時。反意疑問句可用used to或did:Eg: He used to e here, usedn’t [didn’t] he? 他過去常來這兒,是嗎?5. 當(dāng)陳述部分有had better時。反意疑問句用had:Eg: He’d better leave here, hadn’t he? 他最好離開這兒,是嗎? (七)、陳述句變一般疑問句的方法用yes或no來回答的疑問句,一般疑問句用升調(diào)。陳述句變?yōu)橐蓡柧鋾r分三種情況:1. 陳述句中有系動詞be、助動詞be, have / has, do, will, would, shall, should, had或情態(tài)動詞can, could, may, might, must, dare, need, ought時,將這些系動詞、助動詞或情態(tài)動詞移到句首,并在句末加上問號。如:Eg :I’ll go to the History Museum this afternoon. — Will you go to the History Museum this afternoon? 今天下午你去了歷史博物館嗎?I visited Beijing last month. — Did you visit Beijing last month? 上個月你參觀了北京嗎?在對疑問句進(jìn)行回答時,須注意:(1) 當(dāng)回答could, would所提的問題時,一般用can, will. 如:Eg: —Could you help me with my homework this evening? —Yes, I can. / No, I can’t. —Would you go there right now? —Yes, I will. / No, I won’t. 在對方向你表示邀請時,可用OK, sorry等來替代Yes,No. (2) 在對用may所提問題的否定回答時,一般用mustn’t / can’t;而在對用 must所提的問題進(jìn)行否定回答時,一般用needn’t / don’t have to. 如:Eg: —May I use your bike now? —Yes, you may. / No, you can’t. (mustn’t) —Must I stay at school this afternoon?—Yes, you must. / No, you needn’t (don’t have to). 2. 原陳述中沒有系動詞be、助動詞be, have / has, do, will, would, shall, should had或情態(tài)動詞can, could, may, might, must, dare, need, ought時,則在句首加助動詞Do的適當(dāng)形式,同時,將謂語動詞變?yōu)樵蝿釉~。如:Eg: We speak Chinese. — Do you speak Chinese? 你講漢語嗎?I went shopping yesterday. —Did you go shopping yesterday? 昨天你去買東西了嗎?3. 原陳述句中,若謂語動詞是have / has, 則須考慮have / has的意義。如果have / has是“有”的意義時,變?yōu)橐蓡柧鋾r,既可在句首加Do的適當(dāng)形式,也可將have / has,提到句首。如:Eg: He has a beautiful pen. —Has he a beautiful pen? / does he have a beautiful pen? 他有一只漂亮的鋼筆嗎?但若have / has,的意思不是“有”時,變?yōu)橐蓡柧鋾r,則必須在句手加Do的適當(dāng)形式。如Eg: I have lunch at home. —Do you have lunch at home? 你在家吃中飯嗎?We had a meeting last night. —Did you have a meeting last night? 昨天晚上你開會了嗎?4. 原陳述句中有情態(tài)動詞used to時,它的一般疑問句,可將used移到句首;也可在句首加Did 。如:Eg: I used to go swimming in the river. —Did you use to go swimming in the river? / Used you to go swimming in the river? 你過去常常去那條河里游泳嗎?5. 當(dāng)心need, dare兩個動詞。這兩個動詞既可以做情態(tài)動詞又可以做行為動詞。做情態(tài)動詞時,直接將它們移到句首。此時,若用need的問句,肯定回答時用must,否定回答時,用needn’t。若作行為動詞,則用Do的適當(dāng)?shù)男问教釂枴H纾篍g: —Need I e here tomorrow?—Yes, you must. / No, you needn’t. —I need to go to school now. —Do you need to go to school now?—Dare you tell your father about it? —Do you dare to go out at night?祈使句的反意疑問句的構(gòu)成:1. 基本原則若陳述部分為祈使句,反意疑問句通常用will you, won’t you, would you等:Eg: Mail the letter today, will you? 今天就把信發(fā)掉,好嗎? Try to be back by two, won’t you? 設(shè)法兩點之前回來,好嗎? If you want help, let me know, would you? 如果你需要幫助,告訴我,好嗎?【注】若陳述部分為否定式,則反意疑問句部分只用will you:Eg: Don’t forget to post the letter, will you? 請別忘了寄信。有時根據(jù)語境的需要,反意疑問句也可以用can you, can’t you 等:Eg: Give me some cigarettes, can you? 給我些香煙,可以嗎? Walk faster, can’t you? 走快點,不行嗎?一般說來,用will you, won’t you, would you 等構(gòu)成的反意疑問句語氣較委婉。比較:Eg: Be quiet, will you? 請安靜,好嗎?Be quiet, can’t you? 你不能安靜點嗎? 2. 當(dāng)祈使句為Let’s…時,反意疑問句總是用 shall we:Eg: Let’s phone her now, shall we? 我們現(xiàn)在就給她打電話,好嗎?Let’s go to the cinema tonight, shall we? 今晚咱們?nèi)タ措娪?,好嗎? 3. 當(dāng)祈使句為Let us…時,若表示請求,反意疑問句用will you,若表示建議,反意疑問句用 shall we:Eg: Let us know your address, will you? 請把你的地址告訴我們,好嗎?Let us go swimming together, shall we? 我們一起去游泳好嗎?【注】let’s…只表示建議,所以其后反意疑問句總是用shall we。而let us…既可表示建議請求,也可表示建議(較正式),其后的反意疑問句要根據(jù)這兩種不同情況分別使用will you和shall we。4. 當(dāng)祈使句帶有主語時,有時祈使句帶有自己的主語,此時不要將其誤認(rèn)為是陳述句:Eg: Jim, you go there to help him, will you? 吉姆,你去那兒幫他,好嗎?You girls stand in the front row, will you? 你們女孩子站在前排,好嗎?【注】不要將這類祈使句誤認(rèn)為是陳述句,而誤用don’t you這樣的反意疑問句。含情態(tài)動詞的反意疑問句1. 基本原則在通常情況下,當(dāng)陳述部分含有情態(tài)動詞時,反意疑問句會重復(fù)前面同樣的情態(tài)動詞:Eg: The boy can read and write, can’t he? 這男孩會讀寫,是嗎?We shouldn’t help him, should we? 我們不應(yīng)該幫助他,對嗎?You couldn’t lend me any money, could you? 你不會借錢給我,對嗎?2. 當(dāng)陳述部分含有must時要分兩種情況:(1) 若must表示“必須”或“有必要”,反意疑問句用 mustn’t 或needn’t:You must leave at once, mustn’t [needn’t] you? 他必須(有必要)馬上離開,是嗎?但是若陳述部分有mustn’t表示禁止,反意疑問句要must:Eg: You mustn’t laugh, must you? 你不準(zhǔn)笑,知道嗎?(2) 若must表示推測,反意疑問句不能用must,而應(yīng)根據(jù)must后的動詞結(jié)構(gòu)采用相應(yīng)的動詞形式:Eg: He must be tired, isn’t he? 他一定累了,是嗎?He must have read
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