【文章內(nèi)容簡(jiǎn)介】 k freely。 say what you like.易混點(diǎn)清單一、how long,how often,how soon，how far的用法區(qū)別1. how long“多長(zhǎng)”，詢問動(dòng)作在時(shí)間上所持續(xù)的長(zhǎng)度。其答語(yǔ)部分或劃線部分可能是：1）“for + 時(shí)間段”，有時(shí)可能沒有介詞for。如：How long did he wait for you here？ For two hours. It took him 20 minutes to finish his homework. (對(duì)話線部分提問)→How long did it take him to finish his homework?2）“since + 具體時(shí)間”，“since + 時(shí)間段 + ago”或者“since + 從句”。如：How long are you feeling like this? Since last night.3）表示時(shí)間的between…and…,from…to…等介詞短語(yǔ)。如：They were playing football from 9:00 to 10:00 yesterday. (對(duì)話線部分提問)→How long were they playing football yesterday?另外，how long也可以詢問某事物的具體長(zhǎng)度。如：How long is the desk？ meters. 。2. how soon“多久，多快”，詢問動(dòng)作在將來(lái)要經(jīng)過多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間才會(huì)發(fā)生。其答語(yǔ)部分或劃線部分可能是：in + 時(shí)間段。如：He’s going to Zhengzhou in two days. (對(duì)話線部分提問)→How soon is he going to Zhengzhou？3. how far“多遠(yuǎn)”，詢問路程、距離。如：How far is it from here to school? often 指每隔多久，主要用來(lái)對(duì)頻度副詞或狀語(yǔ)(如：once a week, three times a month 等)提問。如A：How often does he e here? B：Once a month. A：How often do you visit your mother? B：Once a week.二、hard和hardly的區(qū)別(一)、hard可用作形容詞或副詞：1. 當(dāng)hard用作形容詞時(shí)，意為“困難的、堅(jiān)固的、努力的”等。例如：①It’s hard for old people to change their ways. ②Steel is harder than wood. 2. 當(dāng)hard用作副詞時(shí)，意為“努力的、困難的、猛烈地”等。例如：①Does Tom work hard at his lessons? ②It’s raining hard outside now. Don’t go out. (二)、hardly只能用作副詞，意為“幾乎沒有、幾乎不”。例如：①I can hardly see anything on the blackboard. ②My father hardly ever watches TV. much too和too much區(qū)別（一）(too) much 中心詞是much1．相當(dāng)于形容詞，意為“more than enough”，用在不可數(shù)名詞前面作定語(yǔ)或在系動(dòng)詞后面作表語(yǔ)。如： ①Americans eat too much meat in my opinion．②I drank too much cola last night．③The work is too much for her． ④She39。s afraid the trip will be too much for me．2．相當(dāng)于名詞，在句子中作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)。如： ①Too much was happening all at once．②You have given me too much． 3．相當(dāng)于副詞，在句子中作狀語(yǔ)。如：①You work too much．②She talks too much．（二）(much) too 中心詞為toomuch too的用法比較簡(jiǎn)單，只用作副詞作狀語(yǔ)，但它不單獨(dú)使用，在句子中要修飾形容詞或副詞，但不修飾動(dòng)詞。如：① You are much too kind to me．②It39。s much too cold．③You are driving much too fast．【練習(xí)】 should not eat junk food . much too many too (A)2. it39。s ____ hot in august in Nanjing . 3. A .many too B . much too C . very too D .to much (B)4. We don39。t have ____ time to work every year. 5. A much too B so many C too much D too many (C)四、also ,too, as well ,either, neither 意思 區(qū)別1)also表示也是比較正式的用詞, too 是普通用詞,口語(yǔ)中用的多,使用時(shí)應(yīng)注意: also 一般用于句子中,其位置在行為動(dòng)詞之前,動(dòng)詞to be之后。如有助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，一般應(yīng)在助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后，為了強(qiáng)調(diào)，也可放在前面。例如： ①I also went. ②You are also wrong. too常置于句末，前面可用逗號(hào)，如置于句中，其前后均有逗號(hào)。例如 ①He is a singer ,too. ②He,too,is a singer. 注意: also,too只能用于肯定句。 2) either neithereither 表示“也”，只能用在否定句中，必須放在句末。例如： ①He didn39。t go there. I didn39。t either. neither表示兩者都不。 ①In neither case can I agree. ② Neither of them wants to stop for a rest． 3) as well as 作并列連詞相當(dāng)于not only…but also和no less…than，但not only…but also側(cè)重在后項(xiàng)，as well as 和no less…than 側(cè)重在前項(xiàng)。例如： ①We must learn to look at problems allsidedly, seeing the reverse as well as the obverse side or things. ②A true man should be practical as well as farsighted. 在否定句中，as well as 的位置不同，句意往往有很大差別。比較下面的句子： ①He, as well as she, will not e. ②He will not e as well as she.（否定前者，肯定后者） ③Henry, as well as his brother, doesn39。t work hard. ④Henry doesn39。t work hard as well as him brother.as well as 連接的應(yīng)是平等成分，都作主語(yǔ)或都作賓語(yǔ)等。例如： ①She was there as well as me. （誤） ②She was there as well as I .（正）五、already、yet、still的區(qū)別1）already是已經(jīng),用在肯定句中,用在完成時(shí)中比較多,比如I39。ve already been to London.2）yet是還用于否定句,如I haven39。t gone there yet.此外yet還有但是的意思,有時(shí)可以和but互換,比如The authorities claim that the situation in the area has been under control, yet the fact is not the case.(當(dāng)局聲稱此地區(qū)局勢(shì)已得到控制,但事實(shí)并不是那么回事.)3） still是仍然,如He should have been killed in the accident, but he is still alive.(他本應(yīng)在事故中喪生,但他活著.)六、ago和before的區(qū)別“從現(xiàn)在起的若干時(shí)間以前”，意思是“距今……以前”，需和過去時(shí)或過去進(jìn)行時(shí)連用。before泛指“從過去起的若干時(shí)間以前”，意思是 “距過去某時(shí)……以前”“與其……（毋寧）”，常和完成時(shí)連用，尤其在間接引語(yǔ)中，如： ①His parents died ten years ago．②He said that his parents had died ten years before． ③I have never been there before．④I visited him three days ago, but he had gone to Shanghai a week before．，只用before不用ago，意為“從前、以前”。before仍以副詞的形式置于被修飾語(yǔ)后，常與完成時(shí)候過去時(shí)連用。如： ①Have you seen this film before? ②He asked me whether I had been to the Great Wall before． ，只用before不用ago，這種用法是將before當(dāng)作介詞或連詞使用。ago不具有這一功能。如： ①They will e back before six o39。clock． ②It is hoped that this will be finished before the year 1995．另外，before在句中的含義較多。不少句子中，before雖然引導(dǎo)的也是一個(gè)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，但是譯成漢語(yǔ)時(shí)卻不必譯為“在……以前”。 ，可譯成“……才”。這是主句主語(yǔ)或是名詞、代詞，或用it作形式主語(yǔ)． ①He had almost knocked me down before he saw me．②It will be hours before he arrives． ③You must sow before you can reap．，主句動(dòng)作已發(fā)生，可譯成“未……就”或“還沒有……就”。① Before I could get in a word he had measured me．②Lu Ban built nine pavilions, but before he could finish the tenth, he heard a cock crowing．“先……然后”、“先……再”。 ①Don’t count the chickens before they are hatched． 不要樂觀得太早。 ②Be pupil before you bee a teacher．先做學(xué)生，再做先生。 有些句中的before還可譯為“在……內(nèi)”、“趁”、“沒”。 ①They arrived before I expected．②Study hard before it is too late．③I had better go now before it is too late . ④I will be through this book before three days have passed．before sb．knew it 一類習(xí)慣說(shuō)法，常譯為“不知不覺……就”、“還沒弄清……就”、“不知怎么地……就”，如①Time passed quickly and three months went by before Aqiao knew it．②He fell from the tree before he knew it． ，表示“早已”的意思或使敘述顯得更生動(dòng)，ago也可以用于完成時(shí)。如： ①I had thought that he had died at least twenty years ago．②In fact, I have long time ago known the secret．“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞＋have＋過去分詞”或“動(dòng)詞的非謂語(yǔ)形式＋have＋過去分詞”的結(jié)構(gòu)中，ago也可以和完成時(shí)連用。如： ①The building is said to have been destroyed in a fire two years ago．②The incident must taken place years ago．③You can not have met him a moment ago．③He may have left an hour ago．④Having read the article a week ago, I know it very well．典型例題（一）單項(xiàng)選擇☆時(shí)間副詞的用法主要是用于確定句子時(shí)態(tài)。1. There is something wrong with your puter. Don’t worry. I _________ to repair it tomorrow. A. will e B. came C. e D. have e☆程度副詞修飾比較級(jí) don’t you like winter in Beijing? Because it is ___________ wint