【文章內(nèi)容簡(jiǎn)介】 sitive resistance translucent window, this time multimeter pointer should be more substantial swing, resistance significantly reduced. 此值越小說明光敏電阻性能越好。 The smaller this value shows the better performance of lightsensitive resistors. 若此值很大甚至無窮大，表明光敏電阻內(nèi)部開路損壞，也不能再繼續(xù)使用。 If this value is great or even infinite, indicating that the internal resistance of open photosensitive damage, can no longer continue to 將光敏電阻透光窗口對(duì)準(zhǔn)入射光線，用小黑紙片在光敏電阻的遮光窗上部晃動(dòng)，使其間斷受光，此時(shí)萬用表指針應(yīng)隨黑紙片的晃動(dòng)而the photosensitive resistance translucent window aligned incident light line, with the black pieces of paper in the upper window shading photosensitive resistor shaking to break by the light, this time with the black pieces of paper multimeter pointer should be about the rock and swing. 如果萬用表指針始終停在某一位置不隨紙片晃動(dòng)而擺動(dòng)，說明光敏電阻的光敏材料已經(jīng)損壞。 If the meter pointer is always parked in a certain location does not rock and sway with the pieces of paper, indicating the photosensitive photosensitive resistance materials have been damaged. 二、電容器的檢測(cè)方法與經(jīng)驗(yàn)Ⅱ. capacitors detection methods and experience 1  of the fixed capacitor A 檢測(cè) 10pF 以下的小電容Detect the small capacitance below ,因 10pF 以下的固定電容器容量太小，用萬用表進(jìn)行測(cè)量，只能定性的檢查其是否有漏電，內(nèi)部短路或擊穿現(xiàn)象。10pF capacitors due to the following fixedsize too small to measure with the multimeter, only a qualitative check whether there is leakage, the internal short circuit or breakdown phenomenon. 測(cè)量時(shí)，可選用萬用表 R10k 擋，用兩表筆分別任意接電容的兩個(gè)引腳，阻值應(yīng)為無窮大。 Measurements, it can use multimeter R 10k block, using two tables T 2 respectively, the capacitance of arbitrary access pin, resistance should be infinite. 若測(cè)出阻值 ( 指針向右擺動(dòng) ) 為零，則說明電容漏電損壞或內(nèi)部擊穿。 If the measured resistance (pointer to the right swing) is zero, then capacitor leakage damage or internal breakdown. B 檢測(cè) 10PF ～ 0  01 μ F 固定電容器是否有充電現(xiàn)象，進(jìn)而判斷其好Detection 10PF ~ μ F capacitor whether there is a fixed charge phenomenon, and then judge its good or bad. 萬用表選用 R1k 擋。 Multimeter selected R 1k block. 兩只三極管的β值均為 100 以上，且穿透電流要小。 2 transistor β values are above 100, and the current penetration is smaller. 可選用 3DG6 等型號(hào)硅三極管組成復(fù)合管。 Can choose 3DG6 silicon transistor models such as the position of posite pipe. 萬用表的紅和黑表筆分別與復(fù)合管的發(fā)射極 e 和集電極 c 相接。 Multimeter39。s red and black table pen and posite pipe, respectively e emitter and collector cphase. 由于復(fù)合三極管的放大作用，把被測(cè)電容的充放電過程予以放大，使萬用表指針擺幅度加大，從而便于觀察。 As the posite transistor amplification, the process of charging and discharging capacitor under test to be larger, so that the pointer of swing meter increase, and thus easy to observe. 應(yīng)注意的是：在測(cè)試操作時(shí)，特別是在測(cè)較小容量的電容時(shí)，要反復(fù)調(diào)換被測(cè)電容引腳接觸 A 、 B 兩點(diǎn)，才能明顯地看到萬用表指針的擺動(dòng)。 It should be noted: In the test operations, especially in the measured capacitance of a smaller capacity, they must repeatedly exchange the measured capactance pin contacts A, B two points, in order to clearly see the multimeter pointer swing. C 對(duì)于 0  01 μ F 以上的固定電容，可用萬用表的 R10k 擋直接測(cè)試電容器有無充電過程以及有無內(nèi)部短路或漏電，并可根據(jù)指針向右擺動(dòng)的幅度大小估計(jì)出電容器的容量。 For μ F or above a fixed capacitor can be used multimeter R 10k block directly test whether the process of charging capacitor, as well as whether the internal short circuit or leakage, and can swing under the pointer to the right size to estimate the magnitude of the capacity of capacitors . 2 電解電容器的檢測(cè)2. electrolytic capacitor testing A 因?yàn)殡娊怆娙莸娜萘枯^一般固定電容大得多，所以，測(cè)量時(shí)，應(yīng)針對(duì)不同容量選用合適的量程Because the capacity of electrolytic capacitors is much greater than the average fixed capacitor, therefore, measurements should be the appropriate choice of different capacities range. 根據(jù)經(jīng)驗(yàn)，一般情況下， 1 ～ 47 μ F 間的電容，可用 R1k 擋測(cè)量，大于 47 μ F 的電容可用 R100 擋測(cè)量。 Based on experience, under normal circumstances, 1 ~ 47 μ F between the capacitance, R 1k block can be measured, greater than 47 μ F capacitor can be used R 100 block measurement. B 將萬用表紅表筆接負(fù)極，黑表筆接正極，在剛接觸的瞬間，萬用表指針即向右偏轉(zhuǎn)較大偏度 ( 對(duì)于同一電阻擋，容量越大，擺幅越大 ) ，接著逐漸向左回轉(zhuǎn)，直到停在某一位置。The multimeter red pen then negative, then positive black table pen, in the new to the moment, multimeter pointer that the right side deflection of a larger degree (for the same power to block the capacity the greater the greater the swing), and then gradually to the left turn, until the stop at a certain location. 此時(shí)的阻值便是電解電容的正向漏電阻，此值略大于反向漏電阻。 At this point the resistance is positive electrolytic capacitor leakage resistance, this value is slightly larger than the reverse leakage resistance. 實(shí)際使用經(jīng)驗(yàn)表明，電解電容的漏電阻一般應(yīng)在幾百 k Ω以上，否則，將不能正常工作。 Actual experience has shown that the leakage resistance of electrolytic capacitors in general should be more than a few hundred k Ω, otherwise, it will not work properly. 在測(cè)試中，若正向、反向均無充電的現(xiàn)象，即表針不動(dòng)，則說明容量消失或內(nèi)部斷路；如果所測(cè)阻值很小或?yàn)榱悖f明電容漏電大或已擊穿損壞，不能再使用。 In the test, if positive, no charge reverse phenomenon, namely,needle not move, then lost the capacity or the internal circuit。if the measured resistance of very small or zero, indicating large capacitor leakage or breakdown damaged, can not be used again. C 對(duì)于正、負(fù)極標(biāo)志不明的電解電容器，可利用上述測(cè)量漏電阻的方法加以判別。C for the positive and negative signs unknown electrolytic capacitors can be measured using the above method to determine leakage resistance. 即先任意測(cè)一下漏電阻，記住其大小，然后交換表筆再測(cè)出一個(gè)阻值。 Which is to look at any measure leakage resistance, remember its size, and then swap the table T and then measured by a resistance. 兩次測(cè)量中阻值大的那一次便是正向接法，即黑表筆接的是正極，紅表筆接的是負(fù)極。 Two measurements of resistance and that one is a big positive then the law, that the black pen then the table is positive, the red pen then the table is the negative. D 使用萬用表電阻擋，采用給電解電容進(jìn)行正、反向充電的方法，根據(jù)指針向右擺動(dòng)幅度的大小，可估測(cè)出電解電容的容量。 power to block the use of multimeter, using electrolytic capacitors to be positive, the reverse charge method, according to the size of a pointer to the right swings can estimate a capacity of electrolytic capacitors. 3 可變電容3. variable capacitor testing A 用手輕輕旋動(dòng)轉(zhuǎn)軸，應(yīng)感覺十分平滑，不應(yīng)感覺有時(shí)松時(shí)緊甚至有卡滯現(xiàn)象。Hand gently rotating shaft, should feel very smooth and should not feel tight and sometimes lax, and even catching the phenomenon. 將載軸向前、后、上、下、左、右等各個(gè)方向推動(dòng)時(shí)，轉(zhuǎn)軸不應(yīng)有松動(dòng)的現(xiàn)象。 Will contain the axial front, back, up, down, left and right i