運(yùn)動系統(tǒng)解剖學(xué)ppt課件(編輯修改稿)
2025-02-01 19:59 本頁面
【文章內(nèi)容簡介】 端 medially and acromial end肩峰端 laterally Scapula 肩胛骨 ? Three borders ? Superior: coracoid process 喙突 , scapular notch 肩胛切跡 ? Lateral (axillary) border腋緣 ? Medial (vertebral) border脊柱緣 ? Three angles ? Superior: opposite to the 2nd rib ? Inferior: opposite to the 7th rib or 7th intercostals space ? Lateral: glenoid cavity關(guān)節(jié)盂 , supra and infraglenoid tubercles 盂上、下結(jié)節(jié) ? Two surfaces ? Anterior surface concave: subscapular fossa肩胛下窩 ? Posterior surface: supra and infraspinous fossae岡上、下窩 , spine of scapula 肩胛岡 , acromion 肩峰 Humerus 肱骨 ? Upper end: head of humerus肱骨頭 , anatomical neck解剖頸 , greater and lesser tubercles大、小結(jié)節(jié) , crests of greater and lesser tubercle, 大、小結(jié)節(jié)嵴 ， intertubercular groove結(jié)節(jié)間溝 , surgical neck外科頸 ? Shaft: deltoid tuberosity三角肌粗隆 on lateral surface, and a groove for radial nerve橈神經(jīng)溝 on posterior surface ? Lower end: lateral and medial epicondyles內(nèi)、外上髁 , capitulum 肱骨小頭 , trochlea 肱骨滑車 , coranoid fossa 冠突窩 and radial fossa 橈窩 (anteriorly) and olecranon fossa鷹嘴窩 (posteriorly), and sulcus for ulnar nerve 尺神經(jīng)溝 Radius ? Upper end: head of radius橈骨頭 , neck of radius橈骨頸 , radial tuberosity 橈骨粗隆 , and articular circumference環(huán)狀關(guān)節(jié)面 ? Shaft： interosseous border骨間緣 ? Lower end: styloid process 莖突laterally, ulnar notch尺切跡 medially, and carpal articular surface腕關(guān)節(jié)面 inferiorly Fracture of the distal end pf the radius Ulnar ? Upper end: olecranon鷹嘴 coronoid process 冠突 trochlear notch滑車切跡 radial notch 橈切跡 ulnar tubersity尺骨粗隆 ? Lower end styloid process 尺骨莖突 head of ulna 尺骨頭 Carpal bones 腕骨 ? Proximal row ― (lateral to medial) scaphoid手舟骨 , lunate月骨 , triquetral三角骨 and pisiform豌豆骨 ? Distal row ― (lateral to medial) trapezium大多角骨 , trapezoid小多角骨 , capitate頭狀骨 and hamate鉤骨 Metacarpal bones掌骨 ? Numbered one to five from thumb to little finger ? Structure of each―base (proximally), shaft, and head (distally) Phalanges of fingers 指骨 ? Consist of 14 ―two for first digit (thumb) and three for each of other four digits ? Structure of each ―base (proximally), shaft, and trochlea of phalanx (distally), tuberosity of distal phalanx遠(yuǎn)節(jié)指骨粗隆 Bones of Lower Limb Composition: ? Pelvic girdle: hip bone髖骨 ? Bones of free lower limb: ? Femur股骨 in thigh ( patella髕骨 ) ? Tibia脛骨 and fibula腓骨 in leg ? Tarsals跗骨 , metatarsals跖骨 , phalanges of toes趾骨 in foot Hip bone Consisting of three fused bones, ilium, ischium, pubis ? Ilium髂骨 ? Body of ilium 髂骨體 to form superior 2/5 of acetabulum髖臼 ? Ala of ilium 髂骨翼 : iliac crest 髂嵴 , anterior superior iliac spine 髂前上棘 ， anterior inferior iliac spine 髂前下棘 , tubercle of iliac crest髂結(jié)節(jié) , posterior superior iliac spine 髂后上棘 ， posterior inferior iliac spine 髂后下棘 , greater sciatic notch 坐骨大切跡 , gluteal surface 臀面 ， iliac fossa 髂窩 , arcuate line弓狀線 , auricular surface 耳狀面 , iliac tuberosity 髂粗隆 , ? Ischium 坐骨 ? Body of ischium 坐骨體 ― to form posterior and inferior 2/5 of acetabulum, ischial spine坐骨棘 , lesser sciatic notch 坐骨小切跡 ? Ramus of ischium 坐骨支 , ischial tuberosity 坐骨結(jié)節(jié) ? Pubis 恥骨 ? Body of pubis 恥骨體 ― to form anterior and inferior 1/5 of acetabulum, iliopubic eminence 髂恥隆起 ? Superior ramus of pubis 恥骨上支 : pecten of pubis 恥骨梳 , pubic tubercle 恥骨結(jié)節(jié) , pubic crest 恥骨嵴 , symphysial surface恥骨聯(lián)合面 ? Inferior ramus of pubis恥骨下支 : obturator foramen 閉孔 ? Acetabulum 髖臼 ―formed by bodies of ischium, ilium and pubis Lunate surface月狀面 , acetabular fossa髖臼窩 , acetabular notch髖臼切 跡 Femur 股骨 ? Upper end: femoral head股骨頭 , fovea of femoral head 股骨頭凹 , neck of femur 股骨頸 , greater trochanter 大轉(zhuǎn)子 ， lesser trochanter 小轉(zhuǎn)子 , intertrochanteric line 轉(zhuǎn)子間線 , intertrochanteric crest 轉(zhuǎn)子間嵴 ? Shaft: linea aspera 粗線 , gluteal tuberosity 臀肌粗隆 , pectineal line恥骨肌線 ， popliteal surface 腘面 ? Lower end: medial a
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