【文章內(nèi)容簡介】 Melodyhound/Tuneserver ? System Description ?Query by humming system ?Record sound, system converts into sound wave ?Converts query sound wave into Parson’s Code ?Match by melodic contour ?Determine distance between query and possible results via editing distance (calculate the number of modifications necessary to turn one string into the other) ?Return results with smallest distance MIDIZ ? Developers: Maria Cl225。udia Reis Cavalcanti, Marcelo Trannin Machado , Alessandro de Almeida Castro Cerqueira, Nelson Sampaio Araujo Jnior and Geraldo Xex233。o ? Relevant Publications: ? Cavalcanti, Maria Cl225。udia Reis et al. MIDIZ: content based indexing and retrieving MIDI files. J. Braz. Comp. Soc. [online]. 1999, vol. 6, no. 220201102]. xtamp。pid=S010465001999000300002amp。lng=amp。nrm=iso ISSN 01046500. doi: MIDIZ ? System description ? Database that stores, indexes, searches for and recovers MIDI files based on the description of a short musical passage ? Allows for nonexact queries ? Musical sequence is based on intervals between notes ? Uses wavelet transform and a sliding window in the melody ? Window defines a note sequence of a given size (2^k) and moves through the song note by note ? Each sequence in the window is converted into a vector storing the interval distances ? First note in a sequence is assigned the value 1 ? Values of the following notes are determined by their chromatic distance in relation to the first note ? Those values are added together in pairs, and the result is converted into coordinates in the final vector ? Songs in database are stored in a BD Tree, determined by Discriminator Zone Expression ? Completed vector of query is submitted to tree, similar results are returned Museek ? Developers: Darfforst LLP ? URL: ? System Description: ?Search by title, lyrics, tune fragment, or MIDI ?Uses pitch, contour, and rhythm to find matches MusicSurfer ? Developers: Music Technology Group of the Universitat Pompeu Fabra ? Relevant Publications: ?Cano et al. An IndustrialStrength Contentbased Music Remendation System, Proceedings of 28th Annual International ACM SIGIR Conference。 Salvador, Brazil 2020. ? URL: MusicSurfer ? System Description: ?Automatically extracts features from songs in database based on rhythm, instrumentation, and harmony ?Uses spectral analysis to determine timbre ?Uses those features to search for similar songs NameMyTune ? Developers: Strongtooth, Inc ? URL: ? System Description: ?User hums query into microphone ?Results are found by other users determining what the song is Orpheus ? Developers: Rainer Typke ? Relevant Publications: ?Typke, Giannopoulos, Veltkamp, Wiering, van Oostrum, Using Transportation Distances for Measuring Melodic Similarity, ISMIR 2020 ? URL: Orpheus ? System Description: ?Query can be example from database, hummed or whistled melody, or a MIDI file ?All queries are converted into internal database format before submission ?Similarity between query and results based on Earth Mover’s Distance ? Two distributions are represented by signatures ?Distance represents the amount of “work” required to change one signature to the other ?Work = user defined distance between two signatures Probabilistic “Name That Song” ? Developers: Eric Brochu and Nando de Freitas ? Publications: ?Brochu, E., Freitas, ., Name That Song!: A Probabilistic Approach to Querying on Music and Text. NIPS. Neural Information Processing Systems: Natural and Synthetic 2020 (