國際結(jié)算chapterppt課件(編輯修改稿)
2025-01-31 23:20 本頁面
【文章內(nèi)容簡介】 d. ?Beneficiary means the party in whose favour a credit is issued. L o g o Company Logo ?Complying presentation means a presentation that is in accordance with the terms and conditions of the credit, the applicable provisions of these rules and international standard banking practice. ?Confirmation means a definite undertaking of the confirming bank, in addition to that of the issuing bank, to honour or negotiate a plying presentation. L o g o Company Logo ?Confirming bank means the bank that adds its confirmation to a credit upon the issuing bank’s authorization or request. ?Credit means any arrangement, however named or described, that is irrevocable and thereby constitutes a definite undertaking of the issuing bank to honour a plying presentation. L o g o Company Logo ?Honour means: ? pay at sight if the credit is available by sight payment. ? incur a deferred payment undertaking and pay at maturity if the credit is available by deferred payment. ? accept a bill of exchange (“draft”) drawn by the beneficiary and pay at maturity if the credit is available by acceptance. ? hono(u)r 《 英漢簡明辭典 》 – , 敬意 , 榮譽 , 光榮 , 給以榮譽 ? 《 現(xiàn)代英漢綜合大辭典 》 ...以光榮 。 禮遇 。 賜給 尊敬 。 崇拜 – 【商】承兌 。 兌現(xiàn) hono(u)r a check 承兌支票 L o g o Company Logo ?Issuing bank means the bank that issues a credit at the request of an applicant or on its own behalf. ?Negotiation means the purchase by the nominated bank of drafts (drawn on a bank other than the nominated bank) and/or documents under a plying presentation, by advancing or agreeing to advance funds to the beneficiary on or before the banking day on which reimbursement is due to the nominated bank. L o g o Company Logo 案例 1： ?我國外貿(mào)公司 A與某進(jìn)口人 B公司達(dá)成一份 CIF合同 ,合同規(guī)定 :A公司向 B公司出口某商品 ,合同價格為每公噸 315美元 ,共計 1000公噸 ,支付方式為不可撤銷即期信用證。按照合同的要求 ,B公司開來一張不可撤銷即期信用證 ,表明該信用證受 UCP500的約束。 A公司審核來證確認(rèn)無誤后 ,開始備貨 ,并且在信用證規(guī)定的裝運期內(nèi)完成了裝運 ,備齊信用證要求的全套單據(jù)經(jīng)通知行向開證行交單。由于貨物市場行情變化很快 ,交單后的前兩天貨物市場價格均維持在每公噸 300美元的水平 ,未來還有降價的趨勢。 L o g o Company Logo ?A公司委托寄單行數(shù)次詢問單據(jù)審核情況 ,開證行一再以“業(yè)務(wù)量大”為托辭 ,聲稱正在審核單據(jù)。直到其接到單據(jù)以后的第 5天開證行才來電拒付 :裝箱單中對貨物數(shù)量的描述與發(fā)票不符 ,銀行拒付 ,單據(jù)聽候處理。 A公司經(jīng)過查對單據(jù)復(fù)印件 , 發(fā)現(xiàn)銀行所稱不符點確實存在 ,寄單行在寄單前也未發(fā)現(xiàn)該不符點。銀行拒付當(dāng)天貨物的市場行情降至每公噸 290美元。 A公司在銀行拒付后與 B公司進(jìn)行協(xié)商 ,B公司要求降價 ,否則不接受單據(jù)。此時 ,貨物已經(jīng)到港 ,經(jīng)過再三考慮 ,我方同意將貨價降至每公噸 280美元。該筆交易我方共計損失 6萬多美元。 L o g o Company Logo ? UCP500所確定的“合理時間”本身就是一個較為模糊的概念?！昂侠頃r間”在 UCP500中并沒有清晰的定義 ,只不過是一個有上限的時間段。在大多數(shù)情況下 ,合理時間應(yīng)該少于收到單據(jù)的翌日起算第七個工作日 ,也就是說銀行應(yīng)該在 7個工作日內(nèi)完成兩件事 :一是審核單據(jù) 。二是決定接受或拒收單據(jù)并通知交單人或者受益人 (在發(fā)出拒付通知前銀行可以自行決定是否聯(lián)系申請人放棄不符點接受單據(jù) )。 ?鑒于此 ,UCP600將審單期限改為“最多為收單翌日起第 5個工作日”?！昂侠頃r間”這個概念也不復(fù)存在。同時關(guān)于最長時限的縮短 ,對受益人也更為有利。 L o g o Company Logo UCP600與 UCP500的比較分析 ? 確立了新的國際結(jié)算實務(wù)操作標(biāo)準(zhǔn) ? 銀行審核單據(jù)的時間縮短為 5天 ?A nominated bank acting on its nomination, a confirming bank, if any, and the issuing bank shall each have a maximum of five banking days following the day of presentation to determine if a presentation is plying. L o g o Company Logo UCP600與 UCP500的比較分析 ? 增加了實務(wù)操作性條款 ? 即使單據(jù)遺失，開證行也必須付款 ? Provided that the stipulated documents are presented to the nominated bank or to the issuing bank and that they constitute a plying presentation, the issuing bank must honour () ? An issuing bank is irrevocably bound to honour as of the time it issues the credit. () ? An issuing bank undertakes to reimburse a nominated bank that has honoured or negotiated a plying presentation and forwarded the documents to the issuing bank. () L o g o Company Logo ? An irrevocable Credit constitutesd a definite undertaking or the issuing Bank, provided that the stipulated documents are presented to the Nominated Bank or to the Issuing Ban
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