【文章內(nèi)容簡介】 ............................ 5 3 實驗主要步驟.............................................................................................................5 ............................................................................................5 ....................................................................5 ................................................................................................................... 5 4 實驗數(shù)據(jù)處理............................................................................................................ 5 ........................................................................................................... 5 ........................................................................................................... 6 ................................................................................................... 6 ........................................................................................................... 6 ........................................................................................................... 7 5 誤差來源分析............................................................................................................ 7 6 實驗經(jīng)驗總結(jié)............................................................................................................ 8 ..................................................................................................... 8 ....................................................................................................... 8 ................................................................................................................... 8 、不規(guī)則........................................................................................8 7 實驗的改進方案........................................................................................................ 9 ................................................................................................... 9 ............................................................................................................9 ........................................................................................................9 8 實驗感想與收獲........................................................................................................ 9 9 對本學(xué)期基礎(chǔ)物理學(xué)實驗的體會和建議................................................................ 10 通過邁克爾遜干涉儀觀察光的分振幅干涉現(xiàn)象，采集數(shù)據(jù)并進行處理，計算出所測激光的波長，并對計算結(jié)果的不確定度進行仔細的分析。根據(jù)實驗數(shù)據(jù)對誤差來源進行了定量分析，同時總結(jié)了實驗儀器調(diào)節(jié)的經(jīng)驗與方法。最后，根據(jù)自身的實驗經(jīng)歷對實驗的改進提出建設(shè)性的意見。 關(guān)鍵詞：邁克爾遜干涉；波長；誤差；實驗改進。 Abstract By Michelson interferometer observation light amplitude split tine interference phenomenon, data collection and processing, calculated from the measured laser wavelength, and the calculation results of the uncertainty of the careful analysis. According to the experimental data, the error source of quantitative analysis, and summarizes the experience and methods of experimental instrument regulation. Finally, according to our own practical experiences, we give out the improvement for the experiment of constructive views. Key words: Michelson interferometer wavelength error experiment improvement. 1 實驗原理 邁克爾遜干涉儀的光路如圖1所示，從光源S發(fā)出的一束光射在分束板G1上，將光束分 為兩部分：一部分從G1的半反射膜處反射， 射向平面鏡M2；另一部分從G1透射，射向平 面鏡M1。因G1和全反射平面鏡MM2均成 45176。角，所以兩束光均垂直射到MM2上。 從M2反射回來的光，透過半反射膜；從M1反 射回來的光，為半反射膜反射。二者匯集成 一束光，在E處即可觀察到干涉條紋。光路中 另一平行平