【文章內(nèi)容簡(jiǎn)介】 ............................ 5 3 實(shí)驗(yàn)主要步驟.............................................................................................................5 ............................................................................................5 ....................................................................5 ................................................................................................................... 5 4 實(shí)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)處理............................................................................................................ 5 ........................................................................................................... 5 ........................................................................................................... 6 ................................................................................................... 6 ........................................................................................................... 6 ........................................................................................................... 7 5 誤差來源分析............................................................................................................ 7 6 實(shí)驗(yàn)經(jīng)驗(yàn)總結(jié)............................................................................................................ 8 ..................................................................................................... 8 ....................................................................................................... 8 ................................................................................................................... 8 、不規(guī)則........................................................................................8 7 實(shí)驗(yàn)的改進(jìn)方案........................................................................................................ 9 ................................................................................................... 9 ............................................................................................................9 ........................................................................................................9 8 實(shí)驗(yàn)感想與收獲........................................................................................................ 9 9 對(duì)本學(xué)期基礎(chǔ)物理學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)的體會(huì)和建議................................................................ 10 通過邁克爾遜干涉儀觀察光的分振幅干涉現(xiàn)象，采集數(shù)據(jù)并進(jìn)行處理，計(jì)算出所測(cè)激光的波長(zhǎng)，并對(duì)計(jì)算結(jié)果的不確定度進(jìn)行仔細(xì)的分析。根據(jù)實(shí)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)對(duì)誤差來源進(jìn)行了定量分析，同時(shí)總結(jié)了實(shí)驗(yàn)儀器調(diào)節(jié)的經(jīng)驗(yàn)與方法。最后，根據(jù)自身的實(shí)驗(yàn)經(jīng)歷對(duì)實(shí)驗(yàn)的改進(jìn)提出建設(shè)性的意見。 關(guān)鍵詞：邁克爾遜干涉；波長(zhǎng)；誤差；實(shí)驗(yàn)改進(jìn)。 Abstract By Michelson interferometer observation light amplitude split tine interference phenomenon, data collection and processing, calculated from the measured laser wavelength, and the calculation results of the uncertainty of the careful analysis. According to the experimental data, the error source of quantitative analysis, and summarizes the experience and methods of experimental instrument regulation. Finally, according to our own practical experiences, we give out the improvement for the experiment of constructive views. Key words: Michelson interferometer wavelength error experiment improvement. 1 實(shí)驗(yàn)原理 邁克爾遜干涉儀的光路如圖1所示，從光源S發(fā)出的一束光射在分束板G1上，將光束分 為兩部分：一部分從G1的半反射膜處反射， 射向平面鏡M2；另一部分從G1透射，射向平 面鏡M1。因G1和全反射平面鏡MM2均成 45176。角，所以兩束光均垂直射到MM2上。 從M2反射回來的光，透過半反射膜；從M1反 射回來的光，為半反射膜反射。二者匯集成 一束光，在E處即可觀察到干涉條紋。光路中 另一平行平