【文章內(nèi)容簡介】 industry in America.（2）What kinds of families are described in the passage? A.Families of the past and the present.B.Families of the present and the future.C.Families of the past and the future.D.Families of the past, the present and the future.（3）What is one of the reasons that families are getting smaller in America? A.Children tend to leave their parents and grandparents when they grow up.B.People stop caring for children.C.The need for workers who are able to move at any time has been increasing.D.Both old and young people prefer to live by themselves.（4）What can you infer from the passage? A.Science and industry have caused thousands of families to split（破裂）.B.Children do not live with their parents or grandparents.C.Large families can hardly survive in modern society.D.Americans are very choosy about their jobs.【答案】 （1）B（2）D（3）C（4）C 【解析】【分析】文章大意：由于工業(yè)的發(fā)展，家庭也受到了影響，原來的家庭孩子多，而現(xiàn)在的家庭孩子少，由于工業(yè)的發(fā)展家庭會總是搬動，有的家庭只有一個孩子或者沒有孩子。 （1）細節(jié)理解題，根據(jù) Great changes have taken place in family life because of science and industry（工業(yè)）. 可知家庭受到了科學和工業(yè)發(fā)展的影響，故答案是B。 （2）細節(jié)理解題，根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容可知，短文涉及到了過去的家庭，現(xiàn)在的家庭和將來的家庭，故答案是D。 （3）細節(jié)理解題，根據(jù)In the future, because of industrialization, a typical family will be required to move even more often than now, so families will be even smaller. 可知對于工人們能夠隨時搬動的需求，所以家庭變得原來越小，故答案是C。 （4）邏輯推理題，根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容可知，工人們可能會隨時要搬家，大的家庭就沒有這樣的便捷，所以大家庭就不適于生存在現(xiàn)代的社會，故答案是C。 【點評】考查閱讀理解。本文涉及細節(jié)理解題和邏輯推理題。細節(jié)理解題可以直接從文中尋找答案；邏輯推理題需要結(jié)合具體語境，由已知內(nèi)容推出未知的可能的事實。6．閱讀理解 When he was small, Hill was a famous bad boy. At the age of 9, his father married his stepmother. At that time they lived poorly in the countryside while his stepmother was from a wealthy family. His father introduced Hill to his stepmother as he said, Dear, I hope you notice in the entire shire this is the worst boy, who has made me have no other way. Maybe before tomorrow morning he will throw a stone at you, or do a bad thing you will never imagine. To Hill39。s surprise, his stepmother went up to him with a smile, held up his head and looked at him carefully. She then turned around to tell her husband, You39。re wrong. He is not the worst boy in the entire shire, but the cleverest and most creative boy. Only he doesn39。t find a place to show himself. His stepmother39。s words warmed his heart, his eyes full of tears. With this, he started building friendship with his stepmother. And this became the drive of his life, making him create 28 successful golden rules, which helped tens of thousands of ordinary people walk on the road to success. Before his stepmother came, no one praised him smart, and his father and neighbours considered him as a bad boy. However, his stepmother39。s words changed his life. When Hill was 14 years old, his stepmother bought him a used typewriter and said to him, I believe you will bee a writer. Hill accepted his stepmother39。s gift and expectation, and started writing things to a local newspaper. He understood his stepmother39。s strong feeling of interest in his family while he saw with his own eyes she had changed his family. Therefore, he would do as well as she expected him to. The strength from his stepmother made him a rich man and famous writer in the United States and one of the most important persons in the 20th century. Praise will never be unnecessary, especially for children. A sincere（真誠的）praise may be better than 10, 000 bad words.（1）What did people think of Hill before the age of nine? A.Clever.B.Creative.C.Unfriendly.D.Foolish.（2）Hill started making friends with his stepmother after she . A.smiled at himB.looked at him carefullyC.said good words about himD.said bad words about him（3）Which of the following is WRONG about Hill? A.He accepted his stepmother39。s typewriter.B.He failed to do as he was expected.C.He started writing to a local newspaper.D.He understood his stepmother.（4）The passage was written mainly to tell us that . A.children should be praisedB.Hill39。s father married againC.Hill39。s stepmother was kind to himD.Hill39。s father was cruel to him【答案】 （1）C（2）C（3）B（4）A 【解析】【分析】文章大意：小時候，希爾是一個壞孩子，當他九歲時，父親娶了繼母，父親告訴吉姆他是個壞孩子，但是繼母說他不會，而是個聰明的孩子，從此他跟繼母的關系變的越來越好。在繼母的關愛下成為美國著名的作家。 （1）細節(jié)理解題，根據(jù) When he was small, Hill was a famous bad boy. 可知，希爾九歲前是個出了名的壞孩子，故答案是C。 （2）細節(jié)理解題，根據(jù) His stepmother39。s words warmed his heart, his eyes full of tears. With this, he started building friendship with his stepmother. 可知，在繼母說了他的好話后，他開始跟繼母交朋友，故答案是C。 （3）正誤判斷題，根據(jù) Therefore, he would do as well as she expected him to.可知他跟繼母期盼的做的一樣好，因此B的陳述是錯誤的，故答案是B。 （4）主旨大意題，根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容可知，繼母的表揚讓他發(fā)生了很大的變化，因此可知，孩子們是需要表揚的，故答案是A。 【點評】考查閱讀理解。本文涉及細節(jié)理解題、正誤判斷題和主旨大意題。細節(jié)理解題可以直接從文中尋找答案；正誤判斷題同屬于細節(jié)理解題，需要根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容做出正誤判定；主旨題需要通讀全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。7．閱讀理解 Students at a primary school in Fuzhou, East China39。s Fujian Province were required to clean the school toilets to help them develop good habits. But some parents are strongly against the idea. They can39。t see the advantages of students doing such chores（雜事）. They think that the school should provide students with a proper education, not the chance to be school cleaners. In fact, parents, schools and society play an equally（同等地）important role in developing the character of students. It is good for schools to give students such tasks, because few of the students will do them at home. Their parents want them to do homework only. In recent years, some parents will make mountains out of molehills when students are asked to do some chores in schools. Some plain about the teachers if their kids get hurt in schools。 some even challenge the schools39。 teaching methods and management. As a result, many primary schools, especially those in big cities, do not let students join in outdoor activities during breaks, fearing that they might get