【文章內(nèi)容簡(jiǎn)介】 a new genetically modified rice can prevent infections of HIV, the virus responsible for the disease AIDS. The study reports the newlydeveloped rice produces proteins that attach directly to the HIV virus. This process prevents the virus from mixing with human cells. The scientists say it can remove the effect of the virus and block its spreading. The Joint United Nations Program on HIV/AIDS reports that worldwide, nearly 37 million people were living with HIV in 2017. The organization says the largest number of those are in developing countries. Nearly twothirds of HIV cases are in Africa. Now there is no cure for HIV/AIDS though there have been developments in oral drug treatments to slow the progression of the disease. The new study predicts the ricebased method will lead to longterm use of the antiHIV treatment across the developing world. Researchers said the groundbreaking discovery is realistically the only way that antiHIV bination treatments can be produced at a cost low enough for the developing world. They say the easiest and most costeffective way to use the rice will be to make it into a cream to be put on the skin. The HIVfighting proteins can then enter the body through the skin. People all over the world could grow the rice and make the cream themselves. This would prevent the cost and travel required for many patients to receive treatments and medicine. The process of changing the genetic structure of food crops has been debated for some time. Critics of genetically engineered crops believe they can harm people. The scientific team says further testing is needed to ensure that the genetic engineering process does not produce any additional chemicals that could be dangerous to people.（1）What does the author intend to do in paragraph 3? A.Stress the urgency of HIV treatments.B.Provide some data about HIV.C.Remind readers of HIV prevention.D.Introduce HIV to the public.（2）In which way will the rice be used at the lowest cost? A.By transforming it into proteins.B.By adding it to an oral drug.C.By attaching it to the HIV virus.D.By processing it into a cream.（3）What can we infer about the genetic engineering process? A.It can prevent infections of HIV.B.It can produce dangerous chemicals.C.It still requires perfecting.D.It applies to the developed world.（4）From which is the text probably taken? A.A biology textbook.B.A health magazine.C.A social webpage.D.A first aid brochure.【答案】 （1）A（2）D（3）C（4）B 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了科學(xué)家培育出可預(yù)防艾滋病病毒感染的轉(zhuǎn)基因水稻。研究人員表示，這一“突破性”的發(fā)現(xiàn)是“現(xiàn)在唯一的”以低成本為發(fā)展中國(guó)家生產(chǎn)抗艾滋病毒聯(lián)合治療的方法，但還有待于進(jìn)一步的完善。 （1）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第三段中的“nearly 37 million people were living with HIV in 2017.... Now there is no cure for HIV/AIDS though there have been developments in oral drug treatments to slow the progression of the disease” 可知，“2017年全世界有近3700萬人感染艾滋病毒。盡管口服藥物治療已經(jīng)有了進(jìn)展減緩了疾病的發(fā)展，但現(xiàn)在還沒有治愈艾滋病毒/艾滋病的方法”。由此可推斷出對(duì)于艾滋病的治療迫在眉睫，非常緊迫。分析選項(xiàng)可知A項(xiàng)符合題意， 故選A。 （2）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第五段中的“They say the easiest and most costeffective way to use the rice will be to make it into a cream to be put on the skin.”可知，最簡(jiǎn)單、最劃算的使用方法是將大米制成面霜涂在皮膚上?！皌he most costeffective”與“the lowest cost”是同義詞，“make it into a cream”與“process it into a cream”是同義的。故選D。 （3）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段中的“The scientific team says further testing is needed to ensure that the genetic engineering process does not produce any additional chemicals that could be dangerous to people.”可知，科學(xué)研究小組認(rèn)為要進(jìn)一步的測(cè)試，以確?；蚬こ踢^程不會(huì)產(chǎn)生任何可能對(duì)人類有害的額外化學(xué)物質(zhì)。由此可推斷這種基因工程的過程還需要進(jìn)一步的完善。故選C。 （4）考查推理判斷?？v觀全文可知，本文介紹了最近的一項(xiàng)研究，一種新的轉(zhuǎn)基因水稻可以預(yù)防艾滋病病毒的感染。因此與人類的健康有關(guān)，所以本文可能是出現(xiàn)在健康雜志上，故選B。 【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解和推理判斷兩個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇科研類閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息，同時(shí)根據(jù)上下文進(jìn)行邏輯推理，從而選出正確答案。5．犇犇閱讀理解 The Alexander technique Until earlier this year, I didn39。t know anything about the Alexander technique—and saw no reason to think I should. One day, the backache I regularly suffered was more painful. I was brought up to think that the preferred way of dealing with aches is to do nothing and hope they39。ll go away, but I eventually went to the doctor. After examining me, he said, You actually have bad posture (姿勢(shì)). Go off and learn the Alexander technique. Three months later I could walk straighter and sit better. The Alexander technique is a way of learning how you can get rid of harmful tension in your body. The teaching focuses on the neck, head and back. It trains you to use your body less severely and carry out the movements that we do all the time with less effort. There is little effort in the lessons themselves, which sets apart the Alexander technique from yoga or pilates, which are exercisebased. A typical lesson involves standing in front of a chair and learning to sit and stand with minimum effort. You spend some time lying on a bench with your knees bent to straighten the spine (脊椎) and relax your body while the teacher moves your arms and legs to train you to move them correctly. The technique helps to break the bad habits accumulated over years. Try folding your arms the opposite way to normal. This is an example of a habit the body has formed which can be hard to break. Many of us carry our heads too far back. The head weighs four to six kilos, so any inappropriate posture can cause problems for the body. The technique teaches you to let go of the muscles holding the head back, allowing it to go back to its natural place on the top of our spines. So who was Alexander and how did he e up with the technique? Frederick Alexander, an Australian actor born in 1869, found in his youth that he had vocal (聲音的) problems during performances. He analyzed himself and realized his posture was bad. He worked on improving it, with excellent results. He brought his technique to London and opened a teachertraining school, which is still successful today. So if you39。re walking along the road one day with shoulders bent forward, feeling weighed down by your troubles, give a thought to the Alexander technique. It will help you walk tall again.（1）What does the author suggest in Paragraph 1? A.She felt no better after the treatment.B.She got bored wit