【文章內(nèi)容簡介】 w process. Plants use less than 1 percent of the energy available to therm. But by hacking a plant39。s genes, the scientists were able to increase the amount of leaf growth on plants between 14 and 20 percent. Specifically, scientists hacked the plant39。s protective system. Normally, this system is activated when a plant gets too much sunlight, said scientist Krishna Niyogi, coauthor of the study. When the plant senses the light, it gets rid of extra energy and creates more leaves. When the plant is in shade, the protective system is turned off, but the process is slow. Stephen Long is the lead author of the study. He pared a plant39。s protective system to lightadjusting glasses. When a person wears the glasses outside during the day, the lenses（鏡片）darken and lighten depending on how sunny it is. Plants do the same thing, he said. But in plants the adjustment can take anywhere from 10 minutes to an hour. This makes it hard for plants to get the right amount of sunlight needed to create food. The new study sped up the process. By changing the plant39。s genes, the protective system turned on and off more quickly than normal. As a result, leaf growth on the plants scientists used in the study increased. Leaf growth in two plants increased by 20 percent, while leaf growth on a third plant increased by 14 percent. Scientists conducted the study on tobacco plants. But they think the genetic changes will produce the same results in corn and rice. （1）What will happen to the plants when scientists change plants39。 genes？ A.They will bee weaker and weaker.B.They will grow fast to produce more food.C.They will have more beautiful flowers.D.They will depend less on sunlight.（2）Why does the author mention lightadjusting glasses？ A.To warn people of the hot and bright sun.B.To explain the principle of plants39。 protective system.C.To help leaves of the plants absorb sunlight.D.To serve the science experiment smoothly.（3）In the future, the genetic changes will be used to. A.improve tobacco plants39。 qualityB.increase tobacco plants39。 leaves and rootsC.improve the flowers39。 living timeD.increase the production of corn and rice（4）Which of the following can be the theme of this text？ A.Hacking plants for more productionB.Leaf growing more quicklyC.Double production of tobacco plantsD.Photosynthesis and production【答案】 （1）B（2）B（3）D（4）A 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，科學(xué)家通過改變植物的基因，加快光合作用的速度，使植物葉子生長迅速，從而提高植物產(chǎn)量。 （1）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中的“ scientists have found a way to hack a plant39。s genes in order to make it use sunlight more quickly. Someday, the results could increase the amount of food produced around the world. ”可知，科學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)改變植物基因會(huì)使植物的光合作用速度加快，將來會(huì)增加全球植物的產(chǎn)量。故選B。 （2）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第四段中的“ He pared a plant39。s protective system to lightadjusting glasses. When a person wears the glasses outside during the day, the lenses（鏡片）darken and lighten depending on how sunny it is. Plants do the same thing, he said. But in plants the adjustment can take anywhere from 10 minutes to an hour. ”可知，作者提到鏡片是為了說明植物的保護(hù)系統(tǒng)的工作原理與鏡片相同。故選B。 （3）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)最后一段中的“ But they think the genetic changes will produce the same results in corn and rice. ”但是他們認(rèn)為基因的改變將在玉米和水稻中產(chǎn)生相同的結(jié)果。可知選D。 （4）考查主旨大意，根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容可知，科學(xué)家改變植物的基因，加快光合作用的速度，使植物葉子生長迅速，從而提高植物產(chǎn)量。故選A。 【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，推理判斷和主旨大意三個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇科研類閱讀，要求考生在捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。5．閱讀理解 Some years ago, MichelAndre found himself staring at the body of a dead whale on a beach in the Canary Islands. It was obvious that the animal had been struck violently by a ship——but why? Only later, after surveying the whales which lived in the area and measuring the increase of sound pollution from ships did it bee clear that there was a link. The whales had bee desensitised to the noise of approaching boats and were being struck by them, often seriously. We never thought that this could be something that could kill, recalls (回憶) Andre, who is the director of the Laboratory of Applied Bioacoustics at the Technical University of Catalonia, Barcelona. Andre has spent 20 years developing an advanced system to better understand why incidents like this happen. His underwater microphones have exposed a world of deafening sound and animal munication never observed with such clarity(清晰) before. It was not an easy task. Sound waves don39。t travel through water in the uniform, predictable way they do through the air. Instead, the temperature, salinity (鹽度) and, flow of water have great effects on their path. What can be done? One solution is to change shipping routes to courses where ships are statistically less likely to meet animals. It39。s also possible to slow ships down to 18km/h or less, which is less likely to seriously injure a whale. As for dealing with the root cause of the problem, the UN39。s International Maritime Organisation has already published guidelines on how to quieten ships, but it will be a while before the effects of such changes might be observed. The ocean is not our world, ments Andre. But it is ours to look after. And thanks to his work, we can better understand the effects of subsea sound pollution.（1）What does the underlined word desensitised in Paragraph 2 mean? A.Stubborn.B.Flexible.C.Dull.D.Friendly.（2）What39。s one way to solve the problem according to the text? A.To lower the speed of ships.B.To reduce the number of ships.C.To set up preserves under the sea.1