【文章內(nèi)容簡介】 新的不同的果實。由此推斷簡化軟件開發(fā)可能會導致意料之外的結果。故選D。 【點評】本題考點涉及細節(jié)理解，句義猜測和推理判斷三個題型的考查，是一篇科研類閱讀，要求考生準確掌握細節(jié)信息，同時根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關系，進行分析，推理，從而選出正確答案。4．閱讀理解 One of my first memories as a child in the 1950s was a discussion I had with my brother in our tiny bedroom in the family house in Bethlehem, Pennsylvania. We had heard in school about a planet called Pluto. It was the farthest, coldest, and darkest thing a child could imagine. We guessed how long it would take to die if we stood on the surface of such a frozen place wearing only the clothes we had on. We tried to figure out how much colder Pluto was than Antarctica, or than the coldest day we had ever experienced in Pennsylvania. Pluto, which famously was downgraded from a “major planet” to a “dwarf planet”（矮星） in 2006, captured our imagination because it was a mystery that could plete our picture of what it was like at the most remote corners of our solar system. Pluto39。s underdog discovery story is part of what makes it so attractive. Clyde Tombaugh was a Kansas farm boy who built telescopes out of spare auto parts, old farm equipment and selfground lenses. As an assistant at Lowell Observatory in Flagstaff, Arizona, Tombaugh39。s task was to search millions of stars for a moving point of light, a planet that the observatory39。s founder thought existed beyond the orbit of Neptune. On February 18，1930，Tombaugh found it. Pluto was the first planet discovered by an American, and represented a moment of light in the midst of the Great Depression39。s dark encroachment (入侵). Pluto is much more than something that is not a planet. It39。s a reminder that there are many worlds out there beyond our own and that the sky isn39。t the limit at all. We don39。t know what kinds of fantastic variations on a theme nature is capable of making until we get there to look.（1）Why did Pluto bee famous in 2006 according to the passage?A.Because it lost its major planet status.B.Because it disappeared in the sky.C.Because it was discovered by an American.D.Because it was proved to be the coldest planet in the universe.（2）What can be a suitable title for the text?A.An American Scientist: Clyde TombaughB.Pluto was First Discovered by a BoyC.Pluto39。s Strange RomanceD.The Days I Spent with My Brother in Pennsylvania（3）What can we learn from the fourth paragraph?A.Clyde Tombaugh discovered the darkness in the Great Depression.B.Pluto was the only planet that was discovered by Clyde Tombaugh.C.Clyde Tombaugh39。s job was to build telescopes for Lowell Observatory.D.Clyde Tombaugh39。s telescopes used for searching stars were very simple.（4）What does the underlined sentence in the last paragraph most probably mean?A.Pluto is no less than a planet in the solar system.B.Pluto is much more than a planet in the solar system.C.Pluto is more important than any other planet in the sky.D.Pluto is not a planet in the solar system, but it is more than a planet.【答案】 （1）A（2）C（3）D（4）D 【解析】【分析】文章講述了小時候作者對冥王星的認識，以及冥王星被發(fā)現(xiàn)和被從太陽系去除的經(jīng)過，更表現(xiàn)了冥王星的神秘和魅力，這使作者認識到宇宙是無窮的，也是不斷變化的，需要我們不停去探索。( 1 )推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段Pluto, which famously was downgraded from a “major planet” to a “dwarf planet”（矮星）in 2006, captured our imagination because it was a mystery that could plete our picture of what it was like at the most remote corners of our solar system可知，在2006年冥王星被從太陽系大行星中被去除，失去了其大行星地位，故選A。( 2 )主旨大意題。文章主要講述的是冥王星的被發(fā)現(xiàn)和被從太陽系去除的經(jīng)過，更表現(xiàn)了它的神秘和魅力。C項“冥王星的奇怪浪漫史”概括全文，故選C。( 3 )推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段Clyde Tombaugh was a Kansas farm boy who built telescopes out of spare auto parts, old farm equipment and selfground February 18，1930，Tombaugh found it. Pluto was the first planet discovered by an American, and represented a moment of light in the midst of the Great Depression39。s dark encroachment (入侵).可知，是Clyde Tombaugh用他簡陋的儀器發(fā)現(xiàn)了冥王星，成了第一個發(fā)現(xiàn)行星的美國人，并且給黑暗的大蕭條時期帶來了一線光明。故選D。( 4 )猜測句意題。此句指冥王星的發(fā)現(xiàn)并不僅僅是一顆行星，它還讓我們知道了宇宙無限大，天空根本不是極限，它們是不斷變化的需要我們?nèi)ヌ剿?。故選D?！军c評】考查科普類短文閱讀。5．閱讀理解 Science is finally beginning to embrace animals who were, for a long time, considered secondclass citizens. As Annie Potts of Canterbury University has noted, chickens distinguish among one hundred chicken faces and recognize familiar individuals even after months of separation. When given problems to solve, they reason: hens trained to pick colored buttons sometimes choose to give up an immediate food reward for a slightly later (and better) one. Healthy hens may aid friends, and mourn when those friend die. Pigs respond meaningful to human symbols. When a research team led by Candace Croney at Penn State University carried wooden blocks marked with X and O symbols around pigs, only the O carriers offered food to the animals. The pigs soon ignored the X carriers in favor of the O39。s. Then the team switched from reallife objects to Tshirts printed with X or O symbols. Still, the pigs walked only toward the Oshirted people: they had transferred their knowledge to a twodimensional format, a not inconsiderable feat of reasoning. I39。ve been guilty of prejudiced expectations, myself. At the start of my career almost four decades ago, I was firmly convinced that monkeys and apes outthink and outfeel other animals. They39。re other primates(靈長目動物), after all, animals from our own mammalian(哺乳動物的) class. Fairly soon, I came to see that along with our closest living relatives, whales too are masters of cultural learning, and elephants express profound joy and mourning with their social panions. Longterm studies in the wild on these mammals helped to fuel a viewpoint shift in our society: the public no longer so easily accepts monkeys made to undergo painful procedure kin laboratories, elephants forced to perform in circuses, and dolphins kept in small tanks at theme parks. Over time, though, as I began to broaden out even further and explore the inner lives of fish, chickens, pigs, goats, and cows, I started to wonder: Will the new science of food animals bring an ethical (倫理的) revolution in terms of who we eat? In other words, will our ethics start to catch up with the development of our science? Animal activists are already there, of course, mitted to not eating these animals. But what about the rest of us? Can paying attention to the thinking and feeling of these animals lead us to make changes in who we eat?（1）According to Annie Potts, hens have the ability of_____________. A.interactionB.analysis16